Vehicles used in different modes of transport Contents ● 1.What is transport? ● 2.Airways ● 3.Roadways ● 4.Waterways ● 5.Railways ● 6.Pipelines ● 7.Conclusion 1.What is transport? Means by which a shipment is moved from point “A” to point “B”, such as by air, rail, road or sea. 2.Airways Air freighting is commonly used by businesses for the delivery of goods from distant suppliers. This type of transport is useful to deliver products within short time limits, fragile goods and products that are not bulky. Products in high demand and in short supply may also be air freighted in order to meet customer demands. The value ratio will be a determing factor. 3.Road Road a very popular mоde of transport used by suppliers and business to deliver orders. Many transport companies provide scheduled delivery
......................................................................................................................5 A-2 CONTRACT PRICE (ART. 4)...................................................................................................................................5 A-3 DELIVERY TERMS..................................................................................................................................................5 A-5 INSPECTION OF THE GOODS BY BUYER (ART. 3)...........................................................................................6 A-6 RETENTION OF TITLE (ART. 7)............................................................................................................................6 A-7 PAYMENT CONDITIONS (ART. 5)........................................................................................................................6 A-8 DOCUMENTS.......................................
IMPORTATION, ARE CALCULATED .........................................................8 9. REFUND CLAIMS ............................................................................................8 10. CASES OF DOUBT OR DIFFICULTY...........................................................9 2 1. INTRODUCTION When goods are imported into Ireland, from a country outside the European Community (EC) they are normally liable to import charges (Customs Duty, Anti- Dumping, Countervailing and Excise Duties where applicable plus VAT) at the point of importation. Paragraph 8 below sets out how these charges are calculated. However, in certain cases relief from import charges arises because 1. the amount of import charges is below a de minimus limit 2. the item being imported is of negligible value; or
UNIT 3-4 Retailing - Jaemüük the business of selling goods to the general public Retailers - Jaemüüjad sellers Shop store Pood - place, where you can buy things Outlets - Firma esinduspood a retail outlet Retail chains - Jaeketid - one company but many shops Shopping centres - Ostukeskused - malls Hypermarkets or superstores hüpermarketid vs supermarketid Retail Park - Ärikeskus - there is number of large stores Department store - Kaubamaja - large shop which sell a wide variety of products Assuming Eeldamine expecting
My main tasks was loading and unloading the cargo, assembling and couple of time I had to print pallet labels. During the assembling I also got information about Põltsamaa Felix's customers . The biggest customers are Selver, Maxima, Rimi, Coop, Säästumarket and so on. As well as various festivals organizers. In practical training I acquired experience and knowledge to work in warehouse. I understood how works the company's logistics. I got a knowledge about how to store goods and how to handle goods. I understood that how a challening position is logistics. You should responsible for all supply chain. It is very responsible job. As well as I find out that the goods receive a code in accordance with the relevant system of identification applied by the company and moved into the storage space. When an order is placed, goods are recalled from the storage and get ready for the dispatch. Goods are either
TAXATION To tax- maksu võtma kelleltki (riigimaksu) Taxation- maksustamine, maksundus Primary fonction of taxation- To collect money to government expenditures. Direct tax- are collected by the government from the income of individuals and businesses. Indirect tax- are levied on the production or sale of goods and services. They are included in the price paid by the final purchase. Business profits are generally taxed twice- After the company pays tax on its profits, the shareholders pay income tax on any dividends recieved from these profits. Progressive tax- people with higher incomes pay a higher rate of tax than people with lower incomes. Proportional- tax that is imposed at a fixed rate. Regressive tax- (direct taxes are usually) people with a lower income pay a proportionally
Packaging General characteristics of the packaging q Packaging tool or set of tools that protect goods from damage and loss. q Packaging is really important, as all kinds of damage may be caused to shipments : moisture, corrosion, dropping, evaporation, chemical reactions, and pilferage. Its essential to arrange for safe packing. Packing elements Ø Packing elements are containers, packaging or dressings material. Ø Package means the container for storage of goods or for their transportation. Ø Packaging materials mean any material used especially to protect something. qualification of packing Number of signs: Ø place Ø purpoce Ø the applied materials Ø form Ø frequency rate of use in a place of packing distinguish v Production - technological operation carries a manufacturer. v Trading - holding seller. This trading service can be free or paid. types of packaging q Tin packing :
LVMH is a luxury goods group, whose products include wines and spirits, fashion and leather goods and fragrances and cosmetics. It isa a French company, and is committed to very high quality Marks and Spencer isa n international retailer, it s products include food, clothes and household furnishings. The compay is British and trains its stuff to offer a friendly, proffessional service. Kwik-fit is a company which fits tyres and exhausts to cars. And its name suggests, the company offers a fast service, usually while the customer waits. It is a British company.
risk. Meanwhile laboratory tests have shown counterfeit perfume often contains poisonous chemicals including cyanide and even human urine, according to investigators. Fake cosmetics such as eyeliner, mascara, lip gloss and foundation have been found to contain toxic levels of chemicals and harmful substances such as arsenic, mercury and lead. The unwanted elements can lead to swelling, rashes and in the most serious cases, lethal poisoning. Consumers using websites to buy fake goods have also been warned that they are at risk of having their identities stolen. Detective Superintendent Maria Woodall said: ''Many people don't know about the real dangers counterfeit beauty products pose to their health. Criminals are exploiting every opportunity to fool customers into buying counterfeits in order for them to make some quick cash - putting peoples' health, homes and lives at risk. Beauty products are meant to enhance your features, however the fakes can do quite the opposite.
From: [email protected] To: [email protected] Subject: Rashid Singh enterprises Dear Ms Jones I am glad that the negotation went so well. I wanted to take this opportunity to thank you for being coperative. We appreciate the fact that you made yourself available for discussion. I would like to confirm delivery date, discount, returned goods and guarantee once again. I would like to get 2000 necklaces and 1000 bracelets by 15. November and 3000 earrings by 30. November. The discount would be 3% on all goods and two-year guarantee. And at least I will be able to return all unsold goods, with the amount credit to my account. I hope that everything goes well with our transaction. Yours sincerely Scarlett Jefferson Sales Manager
340 mln container are circling the globe! 500.000 ships ensure that cargo is shipped around the world. Import duties have dropped to less than 5%. 4)Which industry is still heavily subsidized and needs further liberalization? Agriculture Since 1950 World Trade has grown 20 fold. The North American Free Trade agreement (NAFTA) belongs to Canada, Mexico and the Unites States. Liner trade means liner shipping is the service of transporting goods by means of high-capacity, ocean-going ships that transit regular routes on fixed schedules. A boat or ship engaged in the tramp trade is one which does not have a fixed schedule or published ports of call. Ship agent’s responsibilities: Representing the shipowner; Act as mandatory of the shipper. engage pilots, tugs and boatmen for his pricipal; arrange for ship’s store and supplies and bunkers to be delivered;
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The gross domestic product (GDP) or gross domestic income (GDI) is a measure of a country's overall economic output. It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the borders of a country in a year. It is often positively correlated with the standard of living, alternative measures to GDP for that purpose. · Gross domestic product comes under the heading of national accounts, which is a subject in macroeconomics. Gross National Product Gross national product (GNP), in economics, a quantitative measure of a nation's total economic activity, generally assessed yearly or quarterly.
The company has strong connections to breeders in different EU countries. The prohibition of dealing (selling and importing) in pit bulls and Rottweilers has hit noticeably company’s profits potentially driving it out of business or leading to change of its specialization. 1 Questions: 1. Can the PB&R Company successfully claim any violation of the EU law related rights? 1.1. Goods? Yes, Articles 34 and 35 TFEU cover all types of imports and exports of goods and products. The range of goods covered is as wide as the range of goods in existence, so long as they have economic value: ‘by goods, within the meaning of the … Treaty, there must be understood products which can be valued in money and which are capable, as such, of forming the subject of commercial transactions’1
Good afternoon! My name is … I will be speaking today for 10 minutes about market and marketing. At first I am going to talk about meaning of market and I must define what is market in modern marketing context. The common usage of market means a place where goods are bought or sold. A market need not necessarily mean a place of exchange. The word market is commonly used and may even mean or aim in any of the following: Market may mean a place where buying and selling take place Buyers and sellers come together for transaction An organization through which exchange of goods takes place The act of buying and selling of goods (to satisfy human wants) An area of operation of commercial demand for commodities
MARKET Market system is an interrelated set of markets for goods, services and inputs. A market is defined as the interaction of all potential buyers and sellers of a good or class of goods that are close substitutes. · The markets provide information to agents that may be used to identify and evaluate alternative choices that might be used to achieve objectives. · Each agent acting in a market has incentives to react to the information provided. · Given the information and incentives, agents within markets can adjust to changes. The process of market adjustment can be visualized as changes in demand and/or supply.
Aljona Kubantseva 12.4.19 About Gucci Gucci is a Florentine fashion and leather goods label. Gucci was founded by Guccio Gucci (1869 – 1953) in Florence in 1921. Gucci is one of the world's leading Italian luxury fashion brands. 12.4.19 About Gucci Gucci products are leather goods(handbags, small leather goods, and luggage) shoes, ready-to- wear, silks, timepieces and fine jewellery. Eyewear and fragrances are manufactured and distributed under license. Gucci is also the biggest- selling Italian brand in the world. 12.4.19 Guccio Gucci Was born in 1881 in Italy and died in 1953. He started The House Of Gucci in Florence in 1906 as a small family owned shop Guccio was an exceptional craftsman
EU Internal Market Group Work I: History and Purpose of the Internal Market Please connect terms (numbers) with correct description (letter), for example 17 M 1 Common Market A ... is characterized by free movement of goods between the participating countries, but autonomous external trade policies in relation to non-participants. 2 Comparative B A top-down approach to integration that can be best Advantage explained by market failure.
Sirge tõus Slope of a line Подъем кривой ordinaattelg Vertical axis ордината-ось majandussüsteem Economic system Экономическая система piiratus Scarsity ограниченность Majanduslik hüvis Economic goods Экономическое благо Vaba hüvis Free goods Свободное благо Majanduslik ressurss Economic Resources Экономический ресурс tootmisfaktorid Factors of productions Производственные факторы Maa Land Земля
Can the PB&R company successfully claim any violation of the EU law related rights? Examination 1. Can we say that an animal (a dog) is a good? – Yes. According to Article 13 TFEU dogs do belong to a “goods” category so as it is described in CJEU case law that a good is a product which can be valued in money and which is capable of forming the subject of commercial transactions. Therefore PB&R company and its business is selling dogs, or shall I say goods not just on a local fields, but the movement of goods is linked to abroad EU countries by making a profit of it I shall conclude that it involves a “movement of goods within the EU Member States” (Articles 26 and 37). 2. Is there a restriction of trade in goods? a. Can we name an animal, or to be more exact a dog as a “good” – yes, in accordance of Article 13 TFEU: “In formulating and implementing the
32 Rahu Street Narva IdaVirumaa 20608 18 November 2008 Mrs J. Lo Personnel Officer AUDI AG City Road London EC3 4HJ Dear Mrs Lo I would like to apply for the position advertised in The Murzilka on 10 November for a Sales Manager. As you will see from my curriculum vitae, the work I did in my last position is practically the same as in position offered. I dealt with all sales manager's duties: dealing with customers, presentations at work meetings, the organization of goods delivering, working with computer application Microsoft Office XP, etc. Your advertisement asked for a knowledge of languages. I can speak both good English and Estonian. My mother tonque is Russian. Now as a hobby, I am learning Italian. I am particularly interested in the position you are offering, as I would like to become a part of AUDI AG. I like cars very much, especially AUDI models. I read a lot of technical information about cars construction
Climate January and February are the coldest months of the year. Temperatures 4 - 7 °C July and August are the warmest. Temperatures 14 - 16 °C Ethnic groups Natural resources natural gas petroleum peat copper lead limestone silver President of Ireland Mary McAleese Currency Before the introduction of the euro notes and coins in January 2002, Ireland used the Irish pound. Export goods machinery and equipment computers chemicals pharmaceuticals animal products Import goods data processing equipment machinery and equipment chemicals petroleum and petroleum products textiles clothing THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! used sources : http://www.ireland-information.com/reference/geog.html http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107648.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland http://en.wikipedia
hundreds of years. Our oak pieces come in a variety of colours, from Light to Blackened oak (not to be confused with Black Oak - which is typically a medium to light wood). Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture ASH European ash • Fraxinus excelsior A slightly confusing name, as it is also called peppermint ash and giant gum ash. In Europe it is known as olive ash, generally occurring after 30 years' growth when the white heart has turned to streaky olive. Goods, for sports goods, wheelwright's work and wherever springiness is required. Furniture Furniture The End
managers drive a firm forward, via organic growth or mergers, because of a desire to run an everlasting enterprise. Primitive and modern economies A simple economy In this economy there is no money and therefore there are two choices open to the household sector upon receipt of the goods and services: consumption or investment. For instance: a worker takes payment in the form of a plough so that in the future years when he enters the business sector he can produce more food per acre. The introduction of money In order to simplify the exchange of goods and services between different households, a tool is needed, into which all products can be converted. That
Prepositions (at, on, from, in) and phrases (offer a service, hold hands, give orders, carry a flag, become official, compare with sth, have a sauna, climb a tower, gain popularity, treat with respect, exchange goods, move westward, share basic views, live on fish, smell juniper's and wool's aroma, watch the people go by, raise sheep). 1. Prepositions: of course there are no all expressions what you can use in that document, only some of them but I hope I'll help somebody for sharing that document :). 2. Phrases: some phrases are in English (+ Estonian translation, of course), some in Estonian (+ English translation)
Euro (usually, the countries which are in crisis like that will devalue money, but because Greece is using Euro, it is impossible). That means - if Greece will bankrupt, it will bring crisis for all the Europe. So in EU, the countries have to pay for others mistakes... It has even been predicted that 4 EU countries would be bankrupt before 2013 year. Also a big problem for new Europe countries is one of the EU fundamental right "free movement of labour, goods and capital". As a result of it, the most skilled and mobile workers are going from East to West to take advantage of higher benefits and wages. For example, from Estonia many doctors have gone to Finland where the salary is three times bigger, but at the same time, there are not enough doctors in Estonia. The second bad thing for new member countries in this rule is free movement of goods. One way, it is very good that people can buy goods with better prices, because there would be
18th November 2007 Dear Sir, I am writing to inform you that the goods I ordered from your company have not been supplied correctly. I bought a pair of jeans from your a mail-order catalogue and I am very disappointed with them. Firstly, in catalogue was text whose describes this product. Actually this company are not the only in this country, which licenced to sell this top brand, because I have seen them in a local store too. Secondly, it was not excellent quality just on the contrary, because the zip of jeans was broken. There were not available in all sizes
stitutes a further milestone in the development of tax legislation. Licenses and permits - Georgia has dramatically reduced licensing and permitting requirements to ease constraints on business. The total number of licenses and permits was cut by 84% in re- forms that eliminated 756 licenses and permits and streamlined procedures. Currently, licenses and permits are only used in the production of highly risky goods and services, also usage of natural resources and specific activities. The procedures of issuing licenses and permits were significantly simplified to the "one-stop shop" and "silence is consent" principles. Customs Reform - From January 1, 2011 the new Tax Code of Georgia took effect which also includes the provisions regulating customs. Tax Code established business friendly customs pro- cedures. Customs Tariffs Reform significantly eased and sharply reduced the costs connected to
but also during transportation. Packaging is especially important to the logistics manager. The size, shape and type of packaging will influence handling and will affect warehouse operations. One of the most important tasks of the logistics manager is to co-ordinate the size of packaging with warehousing and with transportation. The reason why it is so important is that many companies design packages that are too wide or too high for efficient use. Furthermore, packaging must prevent goods from arriving in a damaged condition, because damaged good are likely to lower future sales. Adequate protection also means protecting products from contamination resulting from contact with other goods, water damage, temperature changes, pilferage, and shocks in handling and transport. A very important packaging function is to provide information about the product the package contains and handling information as well. Also, a major
the tax people pay on any additional income - is always high, which is generally a disincentive to both working and investing. The higher the tax rates, more people are tempted to cheat. Some employers give highly paid employees lots of perquisites such as company cars, free health insurance, and subsidized lunches. Taxation Act in Estonia was passed in 2002. Taxes are divided into direct and indirect taxes. Direct taxes are income taxes, gambling tax, land tax, social tax and heavy goods vehicle tax. The income tax rate in Estonia is 21% and social tax rate is 33%. In 2000 a corporate tax reform took place in Estonia. The goal was to accelerate economic growth and make additional funds available for investment and the idea is that the moment of taxation of corporate income tax is postponed until the distribution of profits. The profit that is reinvested in the company is not taxed separately. Indirect taxes include value added tax(VAT), alcohol excise duty, tobacco excise
Shops and Shopping Task 1. Underline the most suitable word or phrase. a) That new clothes shop has a lot of very good bargains/sales. b) On Saturday morning the High Street is full of customers/shoppers. c) It costs £9, so give her £10, and she'll give you £1 change/rest. d) I don't go to that supermarket because it's a bit priced/pricey. e) You cannot return goods without the original recipe/receipt. f) Supasoft Soaps are for sale/on sale here. g) A carrier bag is free with each buyer/purchase over £10. h) If you pay cash, we can give you a 10 per cent cutting/discount. i) How much did you pay/spend for your new shoes? j) This is a good shoe shop, but the costs/prices are very high. Task 2. Rewrite each sentence so that it includes the word given in capitals. a) I can't manage to see what the price is. Let's ask MAKE
lives easier since they would not have to drive as far out of the town as they are used to at the moment. Stores the shopping center should contain The shopping center should most importantly contain a big grocery store where people could buy their everyday food and drinks. Clothing stores would also be very useful as there are not many around this town. Lastly, we would propose electronics and free time stores and sporting goods stores for people to purchase various goods that suit their hobbies. Our objections to the center Our only objections to the shopping center are that since malls take away a lot of space, it will ruin the beautiful scenery outside the city. Also, more cars would be constantly driving down the road which would then increase the noise pollution. Conclusion Overall, the residents' committee agrees that the shopping center being built is a good idea and will help this town greatly in terms of giving people a bigger freedom of choice in where
Everyone has many acquaintances, but not all of them are friends. What is that something that makes people call someone a friend? People value different characteristics of others, but it is certain, that a true friend has to be reliable, honest and understanding. Aristotle has said that without friends no one would choose to live, though he had all other goods. I agree with him. I think everyone needs a friend. What is the benefit of money and all other goods if you have no one to share it with? A friend can be your family member, your neighbour, classmate or even your dog. It may be weird to consider an animal as a friend, but people who have a dog or a cat should understand what I mean. Whoever tells that animals do not replace human, may be right, because they can not advise you. Moreover, they do not talk at all, but sometimes it is even better. Sometimes animals are better friends than people just because they listen and do not talk out of turn
the urgent need for national defense. Government is indeed the primary mechanism by which societies address free rider problems. In addition to fiscal measures noted above, regulation is another form of collective action taken by governments to resolve free riders problems such as environmental degradation or excessive resource use. The free rider problem is also one justification for the existence of governments which provide public goods. Some ideologies, such as libertarian capitalism, are often rebuked, because in such a system all property in a society would be privately owned, away from any state involvement or regulation. Libertarians counter that potential free riders within their system could face social ostracism, which may deter those who accept services without donating any payment for them. Libertarians stress that the need to healthily co-
in Helsinki in 1985. In December 2006, it was estimated that Estonian criminals were responsible for 140 robberies of jewellery and watch stores in Finland, the Netherlands, Portugal, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Sweden during the last three years. The value of the lost property is estimated to be 25 million Euros.[1] Today transnational Estonian organised crime is predominantly about smuggling drugs, alcohol, and other illegal or high-tax goods from Russia to Finland, Sweden, and elsewhere in the Baltic Sea. Estonia is a relatively safe country, although there are some situations, where people should be more careful crime has been increased lately. We could count different type of crimes, but most common are smuggling and robberies. Many people like something, what do not belong to them. On the one hand, news are talking about shoplifting, bank robbery and vandalism. The biggest robbery was some
The course supports the other Traderun courses, especially the course related to EU cooperation with Russia and Eastern Partnership Countries. 3 1. LEGALIZATION OF A COMPANY WITH A FOREIGN OWNER IN RUSSIA Today the investment attractiveness of Russia is very high. In addition to the dynamic pace of development of the economy, Russia offers to foreign investors increasing every year the market of goods and services to consumer and business. Most often, this together with the high rate of return on invested capital is a crucial factor in the decision to enter the Russian market. One possible way to full implementation of business activities on the territory of the Russian Federation - is the creation of a legal entity. An enterprise with foreign capital - is created on the territory of the Russian business- organization whose founders are foreign citizens or organizations
Seas around Ireland Ly Ridala 2011 Vocabulary v Shipping goods - kaubavedu v Separates -eraldab v Channel -kanal v Equator ekvaator v Radioactively contaminated radioaktiivsust sisaldav v Economic importance majanduslik tähtsus v Wind power- tuuleenergia v Main way peamine tee v Divides- jagab Vocabulary v Seal- hüljes v Area- ala v Channel- kanal v Connected- ühendatud v Cod- tursk v Haddock-kilttursk v Hake- heik v Herring- heeringas v
separate groups of buyers Price discriminators must also be able to prevent buyers from reselling the product or service For example, if a fifteen-year-old could resell his youth fare seat to an adult who could then use it, the price discrimination effort would fail Motives for Price Discrimination · In most cases, price discrimination is basically a mechanism for rationing goods and services The main motivation for price discrimination is to raise profits The greater the price discrimination, the greater the profits because buyers lose some of their "consumer surplus" If price discrimination were carried to its logical conclusion, we would have perfect price discrimination · The buyers would lose all of their "consumer surplus" Price Discrimination
komplekteerimist, kauba käsitlemist ja meeskonna tööd mis on väga hea oskus. Ettevõte jäi minuga väga rahule ja tegi suveks tööpakkumise mille ma ka vastu võtan. Ise jäin praktikaga väga rahule kuna sain enda koolis õpitud teadmisi rakendada ja näen nüüd asju palju selgemalt, sellele kõigele aitaks kaasa väga professionaalne ja sõbralik kollektiiv. SUMMARY I had my first practical on board M/S Victoria I. I worked in the depot. My job was accepted goodis,check over goods , piece out goods, poxing goods. In the practice i got a lot of new things to know. I got to know how depot really looks like.I got to practice communication, I also got the goods ordered In M/S Victoria I was nice and pleasant to work, my teammates was very helpfull and friendly. Im happy that i had my first practice on cruise ship M/S Victoria. LISA
loss minimizing case, costs are still covered Shut-down case This is when the amount of lost revenue that a firm gets from producing a unit is even greater than the cost of shutting down the company. · P = MR < AVC < ATC · The only time when a company should shut down! All the costs are above the equilibrium price line, meaning that the company will just lose money by producing its goods. Diminishing returns, production costs, product supply Law of diminishing returns causes marginal cost to decrease at a decreasing rate and eventually rise · When MC firms only produce more if price increases with output Supply only when price is equal to or greater than minimum AVC; meaning that the firm is profitable or that its losses are less than its fixed cost Changes in Supply
Unit 7- 8 1. Tarbija ühiskond Consumer society - the world of people who buy goods or make use of services 2. Keskkond Environment - the natural world around us 3. Pakend Packaging many companies use it (boxes, bottles, etc.) 4. Ümbertöötlema Recycle that is made using old materials 5. Saaste Pollution like smoke in the air, can be reduced if companies use trains instead of road transport 6. Osooni kiht - Ozone layer - high above the earth's surface, helps to protect the earth from harmful rays of the sun 7
10 «» 2009/2010 · ? · ? · · · · - ... · ... · ... · · · ? · , - , . , (, ). ? · - - - ( " ") XVIII . · , , · - 1795 , . . ( ) . · , 23 -. . · , -. , , ( ) ( 12 - 18 ). · - · , , , , , , , , , , . · . - ... · ... , ; · ... , ; · ... ; · ... ; · ... . ... · , , ; · . ; · - ; · . · - . · c ; · , , ; · ; · . : · XVIII . · , , , . · http...
local suppliers. Rapidly growing ratio of manufacturing exports. Fact is, that manufacturing has accounted for a decreasing proportion of total U.S output.The internet and ohter improvements in communication and transportation have made manu service „tradable“. For example: Mexico began exporting fully prepared meals to the U.S Services already account for 20% of Word trade.and they are growing gaster than trade in manufactured goods. Now. Who has most globalized Economy? In this book are mentioned that by Foreign Policy Magazine and Managment consultant A.T Kearney is most globalized economy in Ireland . The International investment in flows and outflows , the involvment of goverment in International organizations the volum of communication between sitizens and firms and the rest of the world and International flows of technology. Irland-s standing high is due, in part, to its rapid
product range - different particular and specific products of a company 3. product lifecycle - the stages of product lifetime and amount of people who use it at each stage 4. product positioning - is how we see a product or how a company would like us to see it in relation to other products 5. product placement - hidden commercial of a product. Customer can see a product in films, music videos and so on. 6. raw materials - basic materials from which products are made or manufactured 7. finished goods - are goods(products) that have completed manufacturing process and are ready to be sold and used by the end user 8. consumer goods - goods which are produced to satisfy consumer current needs and are bought for individual use 9. consumer durables - long time lasting products, such as home appliances, cars and so on 10. fast moving consumer goods - everyday need products that are sold quickly and in large quantities, food and toiletries for example 11
A shadow economy swelled and compensated for an unknown share of the economic collapse. 2001-2008 Between 2001 and 2008, the Ukrainian economy picked up significantly. Many of Ukraine's large-scale capitalists--the oligarchs--are former Soviet-era industrial managers who succeeded on a grand scale when industries were privatized. Their wealth was originally based on a traditional, simple formula: convert cheap energy and raw materials into metals and manufactured goods. The six richest Ukrainians are all metallurgy magnates. In Ukraine--like in Russia--incumbent managers (there is a special term in Russian for such executives/ owners Red Director) were present at the birth of private property and could harness privatization. The political atmosphere of nation building helped keep foreigners-- Russians and Westerners alike--mostly out of the game. The major exception was the
People who wanted to exchange something found that it was sometimes difficult to find someone who had exactly what they wanted and who at the same time wanted exactly what they had to exchange. In order to make exchanges easier, the circle of exchanges widened from two parties to three or more. A had what B wanted; B had what C wanted; C had what A wanted. In this way, indirect exchanges began to develop. Eventually, the most marketable or saleable of these goods acquired the function of money, a medium of exchange. Many goods have served as money. Money is an important social institution. A complex society simply could not function without some kind of common medium of exchange. Money also allows people to specialize in what they do best and thus increase their efficiency in ways that benefit both themselves and others. People no longer have to produce everything that they need in the way of food, clothes, and housing. They can concentrate on what
TALLINNA TRANSPORDIKOOL LADUDES KASUTATAV TEHNIKA JA TEHNOLOOGIA ÕPIMAPP Koostaja: Rühm: TALLINN 2015 Tänapäeval üha enam pannakse rõhku logistikale üle üldises mõistes. Üha rohkem areneb asjade ja teenuste transport ühest linnas teise ning ladustamine. Tänu sellele on kasvanud ka tehnoloogia ladudes, mis muudaks seda tööd lihtsamaks ning mugavamaks. Kasutatava laotehnika ja -tehnoloogia järgi jaotatakse ladusid alljärgnevalt : LAOTEHNOLOOGIA MÕISTE Laotehnoloogia all mõeldakse kompleksset, vastavalt vajadustele planeeritud süsteemi riiulitest, nende vahelistest koridoridest ja erinevast laotehnikast (tõstukid, väravad, laadimissillad, kaalud, kiletamisseadmed jne). Kõik on omavahel seotud ja laotehnoloogia töötatakse välja igal konkreetsel juhul eraldi terviklikuna, pidades silmas konkreetseid eesmärke. Tra...
In my opinion at one point of view, the EU is more interested because we have made more trade- offs. On the other hand as the EU is by far the biggest investor in Russia and the most important market for Russian exports, it is very clear, that the benefits, that Russia gets by preserving good relations with the EU, are their main interest. This means that both are equal partners. 2. What is the amount of yearly trade between EU and Russia? Which are the main groups of goods that are imported and exported? Which EU countries are the biggest trade partners for Russia regarding trade? EU services exports to Russia 2010: 22.6 billion EU services imports from Russia 2010: 14.2 billion The EU is Russia's largest trading partner by far with the EU accounting for 52.3% of all foreign Russian trade in 2008 and 75% of foreign direct investment (FDI) stocks in Russia also come from the EU. The EU exported 105 billion of goods to Russia in 2008 and Russia exported
. , , , , , , . . 1923 $ 500 695 , , 2700 Name: Fall in the town of Suzdal Artist: Kozlov Sergey Price: $ 3250 $2700 Reduced price! 30,06 EUR KM-ga 31,64 EUR KM-ga (hinda alandatud 5 %) http://www.palekhart.ru/p1 http://www.russianlacquerart.com/cnt/Palekh http://www.goldengrail.ru/goods/84.html http://www.artrusse.ca/palekh_en.htm http://www.lilianainternational.com/russian-lacquer-boxes- palekh.aspx http://www.therussiangiftshop.com/et/paleh-stiilis- ehtekarbid/170-palekh-stiilis-ehtekarp-troika.html http://www.tristarmedia.com/bestofrussia/fedoskino.html
The president is directly elected by the people and serves a 5-year term. The parliament, known as the Seimas, has 141 members who are elected for 4-year terms. Of these, 71 are directly elected by the people and 70 are elected by proportional vote. The tax burden, at some one-third of the GDP is moderate by international standards and will further be reduced as the liberalization progresses. These are mainly income and value-added taxes . Tax revenues come from a variety of sources. Goods that are imported into Lithuania face import duties that range from 10 to 100 percent (but average 15 percent on most goods). The highest tariffs are on tobacco, automobiles, jewelry, and gasoline. The personal income tax level is 33 percent with rates of between 10 to 35 percent on supplemental income from investments or interest dividends. Labour law Essential political economic and legal reforms started after the independence of Lithuania in 1990
Price and place Joosep Lahi 10a Price is the one, which creates THE PRICE sales revenue. Researching consumers' opinions about pricing is important. An organisation's pricing policy will vary according to time and circumstances. Pricing Cost-plus pricing methods. Value-based pricing Psychological pricing Target return pricing The place . 'Place' is concerned with various methods of transporting and storing goods, and then making them available for the customer. The choice of distribution method will depend on a variety of circumstances. Distribution Channel ---- all aspects related to how a Product is `moved' from the manufacturer to the customer. Direct . Indirect. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
annaabi.ee 
Sisene Facebook'ga
Sisene Google'ga
Sisene LinkedIn'ga
