Why do you think they say that? Do you agree? Give reasons. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You are expected to structure your monologue and present it speaking fluently with appropriate pronunciation and intonation and only natural pauses. You are expected to express yourself confidently, clearly and politely. Interact naturally with appropriate openings, fillers and amplifications. Be logical and clear, paraphrase successfully. Your vocabulary should be precise and appropriate, as well as the register. Use a VARIETY of simple and complex grammatical structures as appropriate. Your monologue can be structured as following: 1. Introduction: state the topic (the conviction held). Recite the task. 2. Developing arguments with appropriate openings, fillers and amplifications: - an account for such belief
- Could you say that again, please? - Would you mind repeating that, please? - Could you repeat that, please? Once you have finished, you will be moved on to the next task. The interviewer will hand you a card with a task on it. You will read it to yourself. You will have 1 minute to think about it. You will be told when the time is up. Note-taking is not allowed at this stage. Role play is interaction! Interact naturally with appropriate openings, responses, fillers, amplifications: 1. Make an introduction use the task; identify yourself, say what you want to know and whether the person is willing to talk to you. For example: - I'd like some information about the hotel, please. Could you please give me more details about it? - Can you do me a favour and ......... ? - Do you mind if I ask you some questions about the admission requirements? - Is it all right if I ask you some questions about ... ? Mind the register! 2
beans. Pâté is a mixture of ground meat and fat minced into a spreadable paste. Common additions include vegetables, herbs, spices, and either wine, brandy. Pâté can be served either hot or cold, but it is considered to develop its fullest flavor after a few days of chilling. Estonia Black pudding: is a type of sausage made by cooking blood or dried blood with a filler until it is thick enough to congeal when cooled. Pig, cattle, sheep, duck and goat blood is used and typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, sweet potato, onion, chestnuts, barley, and oatmeal. Head cheese: is pickled with vinegar is known as souse. Head cheese is not a cheese but a terrine or meat jelly made with flesh from the head of a calf or pig (sometimes a sheep or cow) and often set in aspic. Which parts of the head are used can vary, but the brain, eyes, and ears are usually removed. The tongue, and sometimes even the feet and heart, may be included.
Diminutive forms fatty (fat), sweety, piggy, Marge Special forms of address old thing! Sweet heart! Honey! Colloquial abbreviation op (operation), sis, sec Intensifiers or adverbs result is trite oxymoron (very often) e.g. horribly smart, terribly sweet. Words with a wide range of application 1. thing- may stand for anything 2.stuff 3. job Ph. Verbs make out (understand), give in (surrender). Nouns converted from ph v e.g. break through, getaway. Time fillers you see! I mean.. eaaa..you know.. Special colloquial vocabulary Slang colourful words and expressions belonging to low colloquial speech. Coined and used by people to show that they are "one of the gang". Used by many social groups. Reason the appearance of slang lies in the speakers desire to be original, witty and sometimes a protest against the standards. If such a word is used widely it seizes to be slang and becomes common or neutral word. E.g. skyscraper, taxi, piano, photo, pub
The dash and suspension marks create emotional pauses to signal indecision, uncertainty, embarrassment, nervousness. They are used in break in the narrative--aposiopesis. In the dialogue, the dash and suspension marks render the speech realistically, showing that people do not listen to one another, interrupt, leave sentences unfinished. These punctuation marks may mark a long pause before an important word, to draw attention to it. They may be combined with the "time fillers" (aa.., well, so) (And then she saw a--- ghost) The full stop may have different functions. · Overstopping--using the full stop very often. Full stop may separate words and phrases that normally do not form a sentence (I wouldn't call her beautiful. Or clever.) In the description of a single episode or a rapid succession of events, overstopping creates a peculiar, abrupt rhythm--jerky rhythm.
g. thing, stuff, job these words may stand for nearly everything and when they are used a text has a colloquial touch). 10. Phrasal verbs are more colloquial than their one-word counterparts (e.g. "to make up" comprise, "to take up" occupy). 11. Nouns converted from these phrasal verbs are strikingly colloquial (e.g. "a getaway", "a breakoff") 12. Idioms + proverbs + sayings they normally sound quite colloquial. 13. There are `schwa' words (sound fillers) (e.g. "you see", "I mean", "well", "ie...", "eh" pauses in speech filled with sounds). 12. SPECIAL LITERARY VOCABULARY It comprises words that are associated with more or less definite spheres of use: 1. Terms part of scientific discourse () and are indispensable () in developing a science (e.g. "molecule", "atom", "syntax", etc.). a) Outside their direct application the function of term changes (e.g
stand for nearly everything and when they are used a text has a colloquial touch). 10. Phrasal verbs are more colloquial than their one-word counterparts (e.g. "to make up" comprise, "to take up" occupy). 11. Nouns converted from these phrasal verbs are strikingly colloquial (e.g. "a getaway", "a breakoff") 12. Idioms + proverbs + sayings they normally sound quite colloquial. 13. There are schwa words (sound fillers) (e.g. "you see", "I mean", "well", "ie...", "eh" pauses in speech filled with sounds). Special colloquial vocabulary falls into several groups: 1. Slang belongs to low colloquial vocabulary. Slang words are very colourful units that sound quite rude or coarse, and they are used by different social groups. Slang words do not live for a long time; often they loose their colloquial colouring and become just standard words (e.g
detrimentally affecting the physical, chemi- used saltpeter (potassium nitrate), spices, and cal, or sensory properties of frankfurter-type colors for preservation and to improve the sausages (Puolanne and Terrell 1983). At appearance of foods. More recently, in addi- lowered salt additions, it appears important tion to meat proteins, a variety of nonmeat to keep the pH of raw materials high enough ingredients have been used as fillers, binders, to ensure a high level of water holding and and extenders to reduce cook shrink and for- firmness in cooked sausages, irrespective of mulation costs. The use of nonmeat compo- how the high pH has been obtained (Puolanne nents is changing due to several reasons: new et al. 2001). This would then mean, for components or new forms of them (i.e., nano- example, that high-pH phosphates could be ingredients having specific properties) are
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