Keelefilosoofia raamat
Second, if the hearer has decided to seek a metaphorical
interpretation, s/he must then mobilize some set of principles or strategies
for generating a range of possible speaker meanings. Third, s/he must employ
a further set of principles or strategies for identifying which meaning or
meanings from among that range are most likely to be in play on the pres-
ent occasion. (Note that, if this further set cannot pare the likely meanings
down to one or two, that would explain the frequent open-endedness of
metaphor.)
The obvious strategy underlying the first step is Gricean: When an
utterance would be obviously defective if taken literally, look for a different
speaker meaning. Our (1)(4) all fit this model since, considered literally,
each is false to the point of conceptual confusion. (As Searle says, however,
not all metaphorical sentences are outrageous falsehoods or even false at all.
The defect in literally uttering "Rocky is a real man," "The quality of mercy
annaabi.ee 
