TheCodeBreakers
and upgrading of the non-cryptanalytic results may reflect a drop in the
cryptanalytic results late in the war.)
Chief of Hauptgruppe B, in which the cryptanalytic functions reposed,
was Ministerial Counselor Wilhelm Fen-ner, 48 when the war started. A
German born and raised in St. Petersburg, he had headed German
military cryptanalysis since 1922. He was a brilliant organizer who
oversaw the expansion of the group from a handful to more than 150,
but he handicapped himself by his egocentricity and by his
superciliousness with regard to the noncrypt-analytic aspects of
communications intelligence. His right-hand man was a Russian
emigrant, Professor Novo-paschenny, who under the Czar had been
attached to an astronomical observatory in Pulkovo, outside St.
Petersburg. He developed much of the technical aspects of the work, but
seems to have held only a relatively subordinate post
as a chief cryptanalyst in one of the national offices, ap parently
annaabi.ee 
