TheCodeBreakers
Russian secret communications were rapidly disintegrating. In March the
Czar-was overthrown, in July an all-out offensive by the Russian armies
collapsed, and in October the Bolsheviks, using the people's
overwhelming desire for peace, seized power and took Russia out of the
war.
The way to this situation was opened primarily by Russia's military
failure. While this resulted largely from the lack of munitions, food, and
supplies that the underin-dustrialized country could not supply, the
tactical defeats inflicted by the Central Powers obviously played a
conclusive role. And these victories of a David over a Goliath, though
aided by superior German equipment, discipline, and logistics, were
mainly engendered by cryptanalysis.
"We were always warned by the wireless messages of the Russian staff
of the positions where troops were being concentrated for any new
undertaking," wrote Hoffmann. So complete was the intelligence that he
annaabi.ee 
