Keelefilosoofia raamat
" A may share
a sufficient number of B's salient features without B's sharing a sufficient
number of A's salient features, since the particular features of B that A shares
need not be salient in A. For example, a chipmunk is very like a rat, except
for being cute or perceived as such by humans; it has most of the rat's salient
features, being a small scavenging rodent of loose morals. But one would not
say that a rat is like a chipmunk, because the cuteness of chipmunks is highly
salient to humans and rats are not cute.
According to Fogelin, the difference between a figurative comparison
and a literal one is in the standard of salience, which in a way reverses. It
is, Fogelin says (p. 90), literally true that Winston Churchill looked like a
bulldog, but literally false that Churchill was like a bulldog (he having been
human rather than canine, two-legged, lacking in fur, given to talking rather
annaabi.ee 
