"cromwell7" - 1 õppematerjal

ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY

the merchant and landowning classes. In return for their money (taxes) they demanded political power. The Stuart kings James I and Charles I 6 ignored Parliament. The latter prevented it from meeting for 11 years and finally dissolved it (1642). The conflict led to the Civil War. Charles I was tried and executed (1649). The monarchy and the House of Lords were abolished. The leader of the parliamentary army, Oliver Cromwell7, became ‘Lord Protector’ of a republic with a military government. Monarchy Restored When Cromwell died, he and his system of government had become so unpopular that the son of the executed king was asked to return and take the throne. The monarchy and the House of Lords were restored in 1660. Charles II 8 avoided quarrelling with his father’s enemies – the House of Commons – and reigned comfortably for 25 years.