Metropolitan France is bordered (clockwise from the north) by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. France's overseas departments and collectivities also share land borders with Brazil and Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. France is the largest country in the European Union by area and the second largest in Europe behind Ukraine. France has been a major power for many centuries with strong economic, cultural, military and political influence. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonized much of North America; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, It is the most visited country in the world, by about 82 million tourist. French capital is Paris. President is Nicolas Sarkozy .France is ranked as the first tourist destination in the world, ahead of Spain and the United States. France is the 19th most populous country in the world
The Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn is an exceptionally complete and well-preserved medieval northern European trading city on the coast of the Baltic Sea. The city developed as a significant centre of the Hanseatic League during the major period of activity of this great trading organization in the 13th-16th centuries. The combination of the upper town on the high limestone hill and the lower town at its foot with many church spires forms an expressive skyline that is visible from a great distance both from land and sea. The upper town (Toompea) with the castle and the cathedral has always been the administrative centre of the country, whereas the lower town preserves to a remarkable extent the medieval urban fabric of narrow winding streets, many of which retain their
Tallinn Old Town It was built up from the 13th to 16th centuries, when Tallinn was a thriving member of the Hanseatic trade league. It is built on a big hill and is surrounded with big walls. There is a lot of medieval style houses and inns, courtyards, churches and museums and a lot more. Many have described Tallinn Old Town as mystic and addictive. Unlike other capital cities in Europe, Tallinn has managed to preserve the completeness and structure of it's medieval and Hanseatic origin. Even after 7 centuries, Town Hall Square still
Angeles merchant. Total direct travel spending in California was $96.7 billion in 2007. Travel spending increased by 3.6 percent over the preceding year. Of California's approximately 14 million international visitors, about 5.2 million were from overseas in 2007, 21.7 percent of all overseas visitors to the U.S., and up 12.4 percent from 2006. Indians history The history of California Indians is a different story from that of other ethnic groups who came in the last few centuries as immigrants to an already populated land. For Indians, this is their homeland, and their history spans more than 10,000 years of occupation. The history of California Indians is a different story from that of other ethnic groups who came in the last few centuries as immigrants to an already populated land. For Indians, this is their homeland, and their history spans more than 10,000 years of occupation. Alfred Louis Kroeber, Handbook of the Indians of California Robert F. Heizer, et al
Mikk Hödemann 12.d klass English Parliament What can I say about the English history at all? I think that this is the most interesting history I had to study. During this subject (British civilization), I discovered some exciting facts, occasions which took place in the British history. One of these "discoveries" was the English Parliament. I was amazed how fast it grew within the centuries, from eleventh to seventeenth centuries. The political history of British Isles over the past 800 years has been largely one of reducing the power of the monarchy and transferring authority to a London-based Parliament as the sovereign legislative body for all of Britain. This development has resulted in political, social and religious conflicts, as well as evolving governmental and constitutional institutions. The early political history of the British Isles is the story of four independent
Racism is discrimination between different race people. Mostly people are discriminating people who aren't the same skin color as they are, but there are many more discriminations. Racism is belief, that people, who aren't the same skin color, who don't look like you or whose life standards aren't like yours, then you are better and more intelligent than them. White people mostly discriminate black people. They call them dumb and violent. Biggest issue with racism is in USA. Many centuries ago black people were white people's slaves, but when the slavery became unacceptable, white people and black people had to live together in America and have mixed. Nowadays many americans still believe, that black people aren't as intelligent as they are and call them violent and dumb. Some even are, but that doesn't mean that all white people in America are good intelligent. In my opinion white people aren't more intelligent than black people. Mostly black people live
Eesti maaülikool Põllumajandus- ja keskkonnainstituut ANTIQUE GARDEN ORNAMENT: fountains Kadi Mõttus Tartu 2011 Book what I use: Israel, Barbara ,,Antique garden ornament: two centuries of american taste" 256 pages LR tehnikakirjanduse Barbara osak. 21p Israel 712.2 ISR Fountain pros: · Most compelling of garden ornaments · Make viewer think how it works · Beauty · Musical sound · The play of light Compelling mõjuv The idea comes from... ... crops irrigation! Ornamental fountains variations: · Freestanding tazza-form · Shallow · Bowl Shallow - madal Ornamental fountains
Niccolo Michetti, began the building of the palace and the park to a picturesque spot near Tallinn, later on renamed Kadriorg after Empress Catherine I. The jubilee season is launched by the exhibition "The Palace and Its Story", spotlighting authentic objects, documents, works of art, blueprints and pictures, thus illustrating the historic layers of the palace and entertaining the visitors with the air of the past centuries. Collection The collection contains over more than 900 Western European and Russian paintings from 16th to 20th centuries, about 3,500 prints, over 3,000 sculptures and gems, and about 1,600 decorative arts objects (historic furniture, porcelain, glass etc.). The foreign art collection of the Art Museum of Estonia was founded already in the first years of the museum. In subsequent years, new works have come to the museum mostly as purchases or donations
The Haapsalu Bishop's Castle The Haapsalu Bishop's Castle and Cathedral, which was established in the 13th century as the centre of the SaareLääne Diocese, is one of the best preserved castles in Estonia. It is located on the western coast of Estonia in Haapsalu. The Haapsalu Castle is one of the most remarkable examples of Estonian MiddleAge fortress architecture. The stronghold construction, widening and reconstruction went on throughout several centuries, with architecture changing according to the development of weapons. The fortress achieved its final dimensions area of more than 3 hectares, thickness of the wall between 1.2 and 1.8 meters, and maximum height over 10 metres under the reign of Bishop Johannes IV(fourth). In the 17th century, the castle was no longer used as a defensive building by the Swedes who now ruled the Swedish Estonian Province
English began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England bt the Saxons around 400 AD. The spoken and written laguage berween 400 and 1100 AD is referred to as Old English. Many words used today come from Old English. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words entered the language English from about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and Latin. French brouht many words connected with goverment. Modern English eas greatly influenced by the English used in London and changed a great deal until the end of the 18th century. Many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy.
Jakko Viilo, 11.c Books are not absolutely dead things Books have been our mates many centuries. They give you a lot of knowledge, they make you feel happy, but sometimes also sad too. If you have read any book through, one is certain your life is not the same anymore as it was. So, a question comes to my mind if books are material things, they can not speak, they can not do anything to you, they just lay on the table, then how they can influence your life sometimes so much? They are all written by humans. But the interesting thing actually is, that in his lifetime,
away the title too easily ruins its meaning. If all you need is one act of goodness to be a hero, then why bother yourself any more? I think giving away the title on everyday news has decreased the number of possible real heroes who would go to war in case needed or risk their own life for someone's else's etc. I feel like the real heroes have died out and the only ones we are left are fictional. Another thing that has changed during centuries is the motivation of a hero. It used to be about simply doing something good for others or helping out your nation but nowadays it has become more personal. In almost all of modern heroic movies or stories there is a love interest (usually a she). Generally she is a beautiful fit woman to whom the hero falls in love with, sometimes at first sight (for example Batman). During the beginning of their relationship
the interior of the building was renovated. It was decorated with prominent neo-gothic doors. Originally the house consisted of two spacious halls. The grand hall was the largest hall in Tallinn used for secular purposes. The Great Guild Hall became one of the most important concert and exhibition venues in town. In the 18th century, the Great Guild began to rent out its facilities for public events. Throughout the centuries, the most varied array of events has taken place there. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Great Guild Hall hosted popular wine cellar known as Das Süsse Loch ("Sweet Hole"). During the 19th century the building, then known as the Stock Exchange, was used not only for business but also as a lively arts venue. The Great Guild’s summer celebrations Estonian History Museum In 1952, the museum moved to the present location at the Great Guild Hall.
The Literary Analyses of "Beowulf" "Beowulf" is a heroic epic that was written down around 1000 AD in Old English. The poem's composition, however, is considered to date back to about 700 AD, meaning that it is from the Anglo-Saxon literary period. The epic was most probably created by scop(s) who composed it for entertainment and in praise of their master. Over the three centuries the epic was being changed and adapted by them, as it was inherited by word of mouth. The events occurring in the poem are set in Southern Scandinavia, Geatland and Denmark, in the fifth and sixth centuries. It should be observed that the narrative is written in the third person point of view and the narrator is omniscient. The subject matters in this poem are restricted to war and death. This was their
In britain, the newspaper industry, often called Fleet Street, has a mojar influance on public opinion and is a strong force in political life. Britain's press is unusual in that it is divided into two very different types of newspaper: the quality press and the popular press. The term quality press is used to describe papers, which follow the tradition of the journals of the 18th and early 19th centuries. The 'quality' papers are printed on large papers, have an undramatic layout and are serious in tone. They have editorials which comment on important issues and reflect the political views of the editor. They are more expensive than tabloids. Examples of the quality dailies are The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent and the Financial Times. People choose a paper that reflects their own political opinion.
The square in front of Tallinn's Town Hall functioned as a marketplace for centuries, dating back to times even before the Town Hall itself was built. Through the years this served as a place of celebrations as well as executions. Today the square remains a cultural focal point for the city. In summer, it's filled with outdoor cafés and is home to countless openair concerts, handicraft fairs and medieval markets. In winter, an annual Christmas Market enchants the crowds on the square, as does the town's Christmas tree (a tradition
Britain and the sea The sea has always attracted people. It is beautiful, it offers them food, and it carries them to different places round the world. Both countries lost many people in the long series of battles. Seaman suffering from illnesses and hunger died in the streets of coastal villages even several months after returning to land. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the number of ships increased more than four times as trade between Britain and other countries was growing. The ships were small and they were needed in great numbers to carry all the cargoes. Hundreds of then were wrecked off the coasts of the British Isles.
The bridge was meant as her gift to the town of Tartu. Preparatory work was begun in the spring of 1776, and the bridge was completed and opened for traffic in 1784. The Stone Bridge became one of the symbols of Tartu. In 1941 the Soviet forces blew up the bridge, and in 1944 the last remaining part was destroyed. Arched Bridge Since 1959, at the place where the historical Stone Bridge spanned the banks of the Emajõgi River for more than one and a half centuries, stands the Arched Bridge for pedestrians. Market Bridge (Turu Bridge) The Market Bridge was completed in 2003, and in the same year was voted the ,,act of the year" by the citizens of Tartu. Angel's Bridge on Toome Hill The Angel's Bridge, located on Toome hill, was built in the 19th century and spans Lossi Street. The writing on the bridge, "otium reficit vires" (rest restores strength), invites one to use Toome hill as a place of rejuvenation. The bridge, designed by J.W
caused by the immigrants. The third reason for the development of xenophobia in certain small countries is their strategically significant geographical location that might be of interest for the big world states. As a rule, the big ones are interested in gaining more power in the world. Likewise, the three Baltic countries are situated in the area which has been frequented by hostile conquerors in several hundreds of years. During the past centuries the indigenous nations of the Baltic States have developed deep distrust against their neighbours no matter how well-intentioned they try to appear. As we know, quite a few empires have used Messianism as a weapon to serve their own interests. As a rule, the powerful states make an effort to convince the conquered states of the fact that they actually provide support to the little ones who would not be able to survive without them
also fed to the animals in the stables and barns Kama Finely milled flour mixture Mixture of ground grains rye, oat barley, and pea flour. It is used for making some desserts Mostly enjoyed for breakfast mixed with milk, buttermilk or kefir F is h o n ia n Es t lt u re C u The Baltic Herring The Baltic herring has been the main fish dish on Estonians' table for centuries. It is the main fish that is caught in the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Herring ... has become the national fish of Estonia. ... is eaten fresh, marinated, smoked and tinned. ... with sauce is traditional fish meal Baltic Sprat A sprat sandwich is a traditional snack on Estonian food table. Sprats are usually salted with all kinds of spices. Typical Estonian black bread with sprat and egg Po r k
LOVE AND MARRIAGE According to the Bible, you have to love your mate. Why there are so many couples, who have married without love? In history there are a few exaples about marriages which based on the wealth and a glory For example Mary, the Queen of Scots married without love with Lord Darnley. Centuries later Charles, Prince of Wales married with Diana, barely knowing her. In this time, the upper class had to marry with their kind of people. In India, women have to marry with the men, who their parents have chosen for them. In my opinion people shouldn't marry, when they don't have feelings for each other or when they barely know each other.The religion shouldn't be also a reason for marriage. There's no point of it, when after the month or two they will divorce.
● largest city in Estonia ● population 435,000 ● area 156 km² ● previous name - Reval HISTORY ● first marked on the map in 1154 ● Danish rule started in 1219 ● 1285 - member of the Hanseatic League ● 1345 - Danes sold Tallinn to the Teutonic Order ATTRACTIONS ● Toompea Castle ● Old Town ● Town Hall ● Kadriorg - beautiful park ● City Centre - medieval churches, modern towers OLD TOWN ● listed in the UNESCO world heritage list ● built up from the 13th to 16th centuries ● old Hanseatic town ● surrounded by huge walls ● many towers, narrow streets TOWN HALL ● on the Town Hall Square ● built in 1402-1404 ● oldest in the Baltic region and Scandinavia ● tower height is 64 m ATTRACTIONS Old Town Town Hall ATTRACTIONS Park Kadriorg City Centre Thank you for listening!
Names In The English-Speaking Countries Naming children has always been important to families and authorities. A long time ago, when people lived in small communities, only one name was given to a baby. As the population increased, there were too many people living in the same place and having the same name. Between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries, depending on the part of Britain, families began to add an extra name to baby's first name. Many surnames were given after a person's father or mother. In the Middle Ages the name of a newborn baby was not said out before christening. It was a widespread belief that witches and fairies used the names of their future victims in their spells. In some parts of Britain people used to call each other by nicknames in order to avoid the sound of their real names reaching the ears of cruel fairies
celebrations were merged Fourth level Fifth level with the celebration of Victory Day Most important day in the Estonian calendar Marks a change in the farming year Estonians all around the country will gather with their families At larger events to celebrate this important day with singing and dancing As Estonians have done for centuries. Midsummer customs Sauna Going cemetery Swaying Click to edit Master text styles Second level Singing Third level Dancing Fourth level Fifth level Tug-of-war Eating Rituals The lighting of the bonfire and then jumping over it Lovers go into the forest looking for the flower of
ESTONIA AUTHORS: MARKUS KUUSE, CHRISTOFHER ARKO KÖST FACTS ABOUT ESTONIA • Estonia is about 50% forest • Estonia has over 2000 islands • Estonia was the first country in the world to use online political voting. HISTORY • Humans settled in the region of Estonia near the end of the last glacial era • In the Middle Ages, Estonia became a battleground for centuries where Denmark, Germany, Russia, Sweden and Poland fought their many wars • Estonians declared their independence in February 1918 RECENT HISTORY • In 1940, the Soviet Union occupied Estonia • Nazi Germany occupied Estonia in 1941; later in World War II the Soviet Union reoccupied it (1944). GEOGRAPHY • The two largest islands are Saaremaa and Hiiumaa • The highest point in Estonia is Suur Munamägi ESTONIA CITIES • Capital: Tallinn • Tartu • Pärnu TALLINN
Emigrating. (essay) Moving from one country to another has been a common thing for centuries. However, emigration has both advantages and disadvantages. One the plus side, moving away from your home country can be a really interesting and unforgettable experience and it also broadens your mind. Secondly, you might get a better job. Young people often move away from their homeland, because they think that they might get a better education, if they study in a well-known university. Finally, you can find a lot of new friends. However, for every plus there is a minus
For over three centuries Western Europe was raided by the Vikings. The Vikings who had settled down in England had mixed with the Anglo-Saxons. They lived under the rule of the English kings. In the 9th century a territory in northern France was conquered by another branch of the Vikings. That territory was called Normandy. They took over the French coustoms,traditions and language. The Normans lived under the rule of their own duke. By the 11th century the dukes of Normandy had become very powerful. Altought the kinf of France was their lord, they were very independent. William was the Duke of Normandy when the English king Edwar died. William had promised him that he'll be the next king. But there was another relative , Harold, who wanted to be king too. William wanted to start a war. Knights from all over the France were invited to his army.Harold was killed in the battle and the English were defeated. The Battle of Hastings was the ...
Topics · Scope of sustainability · Scope of development · A new perspective at sustainability Scope of sustainability · If we extinct some biological species, we can't recreate it. · If we substitute some spicies, what will be the consequenses. Author: Xvazquez Scope of sustainability · Renewable resources Source: Thegreatergreen (2011) Scope of history · Trees carry information from centuries. By: Jaymi Heimbuch Scope of developmement · GMO genetically modified organism Author: John Gress A new perspective at sustainability · We have found law-like behaviours in ecosystems From: www.galapagosholidays.com (2011) Conclusion · Test, before using · Is it historic tree or usual · Before cuting down, make sure what tree it is Thank you for listening! Kasutatud kirjandus · K
l Country - Estonia l County - Harju County l First appeared on map - 1154 l Town rights - 1248 l Mayor - Edgar Savisaar l Aera - Total 159.2 km2 (61.5 sq mi) l Population - (1 Mar 2012) Total - 416,470 Denisty - 2,614.0/km2(6,766.6/sq mi) Tallinn Coat of arms Flag Top 5 Attractions 1. Kiek in de Kök Visitors to the museum will see examples of Medieval firepower, displays detailing how the city's system of walls and towers developed through the centuries and an exhibit on crime and punishment in Old Tallinn. 2. Kadriorg Palace - Kadriorg Art Museum A trip to Tallinn isn't a trip to Tallinn without a visit to this magnificent northern baroque palace, built by Peter the Great for his wife, Catherine I, in 1718. The grandiose palace with its surrounding manicured gardens is home to the foreign art collection of the Art Museum of Estonia. The Kadriorg Art Museum displays hundreds of 16th- to 20th-century
The Old Town (The Dome Hill) Kelly Pärkman 10a Tallinn Lillekyla Gymnasium Table of Contents Tallinn Toompea Castle Tall Hermann's Tower Cathedral of Saint Mary the Virgin Danish King's Garden The House of the Estonian Knighthood Maiden Tower References Tallinn The centre of Tallinn Dome Hill The lower town Toompea Castle Location Built in the 13th to the 14th centuries Wooden fortress The building of the Riigikogu Several parts Tall Hermann's Tower Location 14th century The name of the tower The Estonian flag Cathedral of Saint Mary the Virgin Location Lutheran church 1219 1233
who is repeatedly asking for euthanasia and who is of sound mind be given assistance in dying so that they could do it in a dignified manner rather than have their lives prolonged by medical technology? Ultimately, it's a question of choice: empowering people to have control over their own bodies. The main opposition comes from religious groups, medical associations whose members see practising euthanasia as an inproper exctension of their role as carers. Throughout centuries the doctors' purpose in life has been to cure suffering, how can they be expected to do otherwise, even if it's done for a good cause. The issue has been misinterpreted by some people. They seem to be of the opinion that practicing euthanasia would turn nursing homes into places of fear and elderly people in residencial home are afraid that they will be a candidate. For whatever motive it may be done, all civilisations, all religions have regarded this as morally wrong.
deal until the end of the 18th century. The standart English today in known as BBC English. Spelling and pronaunciation seem to be the most difficult aspects of the English language for foreign students. English is very rich in synonyms. The huge vocabulary of the language is due to the free admission of words from other language. Old English had several inflections to show singular and plural, tense and person, but over the centuries words have been simpified. The loss of inflections had made English a very flexible lnguage. At present the English language encompasses the globe and is one of the major languages in the world. It has became a world language thanks to its establishment as a mother toungue outside Englnd, in all the continents of the world.
The importance of education Education is one of the most important part in our today's society. Children are our future and educating them is really necessary. In the first place, giving children education is really important, because they are our future leaders, teachers and they have to develop our government for centuries. Moreover, schools, highschools and even universities teach some of the things you will have to encounter in your life after studies and have to step to work-life. In Fact, you will probably have to make presentations, CV-s and know how to communicate correctly with people. Furthermore, education gives you experience you can always relay on. It is shown in your documents that you will have for rest of your life. Different jobs require different level of education
Tallinn Eneli O**a History City rights were given to Tallinn on May 15, 1248 Independent since 1991 Covers the area of 159.2 km2 Old Town of Tallinn Tallinn's Old Town is one of the most well- preserved old towns in northern Europe The golden era in lies in the period between the early 15th and mid 16th centuries It has three parts: Lower Town, Upper Town + Town Wall, Towers and the Gates Lower Town/Upper Town Town Hall Square Toompea Castle & Tall Tallinn Town Hall Hermann's Tower Town Hall Pharmacy Cathedral of Saint Mary the Virgin Great Guild Hall Danish King's Garden House of the
Palmse manor Palmse manor ü Palmse is one of the most grandiose manor house ensembles in Estonia. ü Wonderful overview of Estonian manor life and architecture through centuries. ü Palmse is also an ideal place for meetings, conferences as well as weddings and receptions. Palmse manor ü In our wine seller you can enjoy a wide selection of wines from all over the world ü On our grounds we offer many exiting exhibitions, concerts, plays and entertainment programs. Buildings ü Stewards house ü Fruit garden ü Bathhouse ü Prest Pavilion ü Smithy ü Ice cellar ü Ox Stable Palmse manor
Should rich people welcome immigration? People migrate as they have done for many centuries, in search of a better life, warmer climates, more natural resources .Immigration will probably last until all countries are economically equal. But should rich countries welcome immigrates, who want to start a new life in their country? Immigration has it's negative and positive sides. Firstly, the positive side is that most immigrants have been working hard in developed countries. They start their own business by running a corner shop or owning a restaurant
Why read? Everybody has their own reasons for reading. Reading has been the main entertainment for centuries, although, nowadays people read less and less. It is probably due to the fact that in our modern world we have television and internet. Most of people are mainly reading for entertainment. They think that reading is a good way to spend their time and moreover, they find it also very useful. Secondly, in addition that reading is interesting it is also the best way to get information. We can read about other cultures or even learn languages from books. Reading widens our horizon and makes us wise. There are lots of reasons for reading. Every group such as students or grownups have their main reasons. Students read because they have obligatory literature. Some of them read beacause they want to get a good mark and some, however, truly like reading because they find it fascinating. Whereas reading is interesting, it is also beneficia...
the middle part of the floor was uncovered to get the mortars and catapults in place better. Compared to the other Tallinn towers Kiek in de Kök was predominant in its fire power, due to its 27 embrasures for cannons and 30 for handguns. The ground floor was a storage floor and there was also the initial entrance. This floor had a narrow light and airshaft and no embrasures. Throughout its working life, the tower was extensively remodelled. Work in the 16th and 17th centuries saw the two lowest floors become hidden by earth works and the upper floors receive new gun openings and the uppermost floor a new outer wall and ceiling.
Overview: The Red dragon is the oldest national flag still in use, it's also associated with Wales for centuries. Why Red Dragon? When Arthur's father had seen a dragon in the sky predicting his son would be a king and that happened. Also Dragon shows Welsh fiery, usually in battle with English. Castles: Most of castles were built by Edward I, but that Caerphilly castle was built by Gilbert "The Red" de Claire. He was "The Red" because he was red-headed noubleman. Caerphilly castle is the largest in Wales. The Chepstow castle is the oldest post-roman castle on hole Britain. Lakes: Bala lake is one of the biggest lakes in Wales. There lives friendly monster Teggie. Pistyll Rhaeadr is beautiful and high waterfall in the middle of Wales. It's 80 meters high, also higher than Niagra waterfall. Food & Drinks: Welsh food includes seafood, especially close to the coast, where fishing culture is strong. In left, we see Glamorgan sausage, whic...
It seems to me that immunisation is necessary because it stops spreading diseases all over the world. Preventive medicine is a very useful way to eradicate illnesses because by applying it we do not need to cure diseases or treat their symptoms, we just prevent them. Every year thousand of children’s lives are saved thanks to timely vaccination. In addition, history also demonstrates us that childhood illnesses of previous centuries such as measles, tuberculosis and diphtheria have declined dramatically nowadays due to preventive care, which has protected children from potentially deadly diseases. Some members of our society will mention freedom of choice and insist that parents can make their own decision. But some old diseases still exist in the world and those who fail to take their assigned dose of medicine may negate the efforts of those who do. So those some
Cities of Estonia The capital of Estonia is Tallinn, most famous for its Old Town. The Old Town was built in the 13.-16th centuries. You can still feel the spirit of medieval times, when you are visiting The Old Town. The second biggest city of Estonia is Tartu. Tartu is the educational centre of Estonia. It is home to the largest and oldest university in Estonia, the University of Tartu. The University of Tartu first opened it`s doors in 1632. Through Tartu flows the second biggest river in Estonia, Suur Emajõgi ( Big Mother River). Pärnu is the summer capital of Estonia. It is located in south west
Menhirid Kristjan Juks A Menhir is a large upright standing stone. Menhirs may be found singly as monoliths, or as part of a group of similar stones. Menhirs are widely distributed across Europe, Africa and Asia, but are most numerous in Western Europe; in particular in Ireland, Great Britain and Brittany. There are about 50,000 megaliths in these areas Over the centuries they have variously been thought to have been used by Druids for human sacrifice, used as territorial markers or elements of a complex ideological system, or functioned as early calendars History Practically nothing is known of the social organization or religious beliefs of the people who erected the menhirs. We have no trace even of these people's language; however we do know that they buried their dead, and had the skills to grow cereal, farm and make pottery, stone tools and jewelry
It is on almost the same latitude east St. Petersburg in Russia, Stockholm in Sweden and Stavanger in Norway, and covers 158 sq km. Tallinn was first marked on a map of the world by the Arab geographer al-Idrisi in 1154, its name then being Kolyvan (probably derived from the name Kalev). In the 13th-century Chronicle of Henricus de Lettis the town was called Lyndanise. Later came Reval (presumably after the old county of Rävala), the name used by the Germans who ruled the country for seven centuries. Russians then modified Reval to Revel. For Estonians, the town came to be called Tallinn from Taanilinn (Danish town) after Danish conquest in the 13th century. Over the course of time, Taanilinn was shortened to Tallinn The place is believed to have been settled by Finno-Ugric peoples about 2500 BC. The Danes, led by King Valdemar II, conquered northern Estonia in 1219. Legend has it that one
It has still remained the most important representational building in town. 6. Jägala Waterfall The Jägala Waterfall is a natural waterfall in Northern Estonia on Jägala River. A wonderful 7,8 m high waterfall running down the limestone edge is the highest in 4 Estonia. Water has smoothed the limestone edge for centuries. As a result a 12-14 m deep and 300 m long valley has been created. The oldest known written record of a water mill in Estonia (from the early 13th century) dates from here. 7. Lahemaa National Park The Lahemaa National Park was created in 1971 to protect the characteristic North- Estonian landscapes and the national heritage of the area. This was the first national park in Estonia. It is located on Northern Estonia, 70 kilometers east from capital Tallinn
Culture of the United States About · The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. · A side from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. · Mainstream American culture is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa. Food · Slow-cooked pork and beef barbecue, crab cakes, potato chips, and chocolat chip cookies are distinctively American styles. · Characteristic dishes (apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs or french fries)
History of Scotland Karoliina Grentsmann, Katri Hendrikson Viljandi Gümnaasium I VÕ Picts Ancient people Ancient eastern and northern Scotland Extinct Pictish language Art appears on stones Pictish Stones Monumental stelae Remaining evidence of the Picts From the 6th to 9th centuries The purpose of the stones Original sites Wars of Independence The First War 12961328 The Second War 13321357 Between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England Great national crisis Independent nation Union with England 18th century Political union between Scotland and England Treaty of Union It replaced the Scottish systems of currency First World War In 19141918 Provided manpower, ships, machinery, food etc Scotland sent 690,000 men to the war The Battle of Loos
THE PEOP L E O F T H E AM E R I CA . I-LI IS, GRETE JA MA RTIN K. KOOSTASID: MA R IN THE BEGINNING. • WHEN COLUMBUS DISCOVERED AMERICA, THERE WAS ABOUT 10 MILLION NATIVE AMERICANS. • NEXT 200 YEARS, PEOPLE OF SEVERAL COUNTRIES SAILED ACROSS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN TO SETTLE AMERICA, WHICH WAS CALLED ‘’THE NEW WORLD’’. • PEOLE TOOK AWAY NATIVE AMERICAN’S LAND AND BROUGHT ILLNESSES THAT THEY COULDN’T SURVIVE. IRISH IN 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. • AMERICA WAS DREAM TO MANY IRISH. • FIRST PEOPLE WHO CAME TO AMERICA WERE MAINLY EDUCATED PEOPLE. • BELIVED THAT AMERICA WAS RICH LAND FULL OF OPPURTUNITIES FOR EVERYBODY. • THE LETTERS INVITED PEOPLE TO FOLLOW THE HAPPY SETTLERS THROUGHT THE „GOLDEN DOOR“. A ‘NEW’ BEGINNING FOR THE POOR. • IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY MILLIONS OF BRITISH PEOPLE STARTED THEIR JOURNEY TO AMERICA FROM LIVERPOOL. • POTATO FAMINE IN 1845-1849: MANY IRISH
The industrial revolution The Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period during which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. By mid-century, many people worked for small businesses or on farms, laboring in fields that would yield barely enough food to feed the family. New inventions and technology began to change that, however. Larger factories opened and produced new farm equipment, such as the steel plow and the tractor, which allowed farmers to cultivate bigger fields and produce
perfect society: because we are still plain humans. But we can improve on an environment by providing a higher level of education and security. In doing so, there will be a decrease in the attempts of crimes, since a higher level of social development was properly provided. Our world is well known by having a high level of poverty and all sorts of crimes. This is a consequence of bad governments that hav not provided the least welfare throughout the centuries. So, i agree with that statement. However, in my opinion our goverment has been doing some progress regarding crime prevention and social development. In its turn, even in a decent society no lacking primary needs there will be another kind of crimes, apparently harmless, such as: political corruption, bribery, money laundering, extortion, etc. The environment can change, but the mindset is still the same with tendency to ambition, greed and selfishness
The British Parliament The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the British Parliament,Westminster Parliament or simply "Westminster". The British constitution has envolved over many centuries and unlike many other nations, the UK has no single constitutional documents. But Britain does, however, have certain important constitutional documents, including Magna Carta, Bill of Rights and Reform Act. It is formed partly by statue law, partly by common law and partly by conventions. Fundamental law doesn´t exist in the United Kingdom. There can be distinguish three separate organs: the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
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