The aim of the experiment To determine the molar mass of carbon dioxide in three different ways; 1) using the Ideal Gas Law equation, 2) using the molar volume of a gas at NTP, 3) using the relative density to air Equipment CO2 tank, a flask with a rubber stopper (300 cm 3), technical balance, measuring cylinder (250 cm3), thermometer, barometer. Method 1. Determine the mass (m1= mflask+stopper+air) of the dry flask with a rubber stopper by weighing on a technical balance. Draw a line on the flask at the bottom edge of the stopper in order to measure the volume of the flask in step 5. 2. Fill the flask with carbon dioxide gas. Direct the gas from the CO 2 tank into the flask for about 7-8 minutes. The tip of the hose has to be in the bottom but not very closely against the bottom. Otherwise it may happen that all of the CO 2 will exit from other branches of the hose bundle. 3. Seal the flask q...
Green Technologies - innovation and climate change sustainagility Scientists can examine ice, but they cannot tell out anything about our future. Even if scientist has lived thousand years he won't be able to do it. The graph in video shows that the amount on carbon dioxide rises and then rises the temperature, but it is not so, it is exactly the opposite. One way to save energy is to build better buildings, because big headquarters are built to last only for 30-35 years. Building them up and pulling them down needs a lot of energy and about 30% of building energy is spent on it. It is thought that if in Tokyo 50% of all roofs are green it will save 1 million dollars a day of Tokyo businesses in cooling costs. Street light use 5% of energy, but it can be reduced to 2%. Usual TVs should be replaced with Plasma TV, because it saves energy more. By driving electic-car, it is possible to save energy a...
Tundra Tundra is the world's youngest biome. It was formed 10 000 years ago. Located at latitudes 55° to 70° North. Almost all tundras are located in the Northern Hemisphere, encircling arctic desert and extending south to the coniferous forests of the taiga. The ecotone (ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-moulded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool. The two major nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is created by biological fixation, and phosphorus is created by precipitation. The most distinctive characteristic of tundra soil is its permafrost, a permanently frozen layer of ground. The average winter temperature is -28°C, but the average summe...
Humans are changeing the planet with their ordinary life. The principle cause of climate change is the increase in carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. The main cause of that is the burning of fossile fuels. This is leading to the global warming. People have discovered a way to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. It is possible to seperate the CO2 from the other gases by adding liquid which is very good at absorbing CO2. Then it can be pumped to underground. Scientist came up with this idea because methane gas has been down there for thousands of years and it has not come up. So they expect that the CO2 won't be coming up either. To be sure of that, they are coing to make a test and drill two wells to take purified CO2, inject it into the ground and monitor the physical changes that CO2 undergoes. This technology is really new and it is unknown to people. It has not been proven yet, so people are scared and concerned...
Acid Rain Acid rain is any precipitation that is unusually acidic. It possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions(it has low pH level). Acid rain is caused by emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which react with water molecules. Distilled water(doesn't contain CO 2), has pH level 7. Liquids with pH level less than 7 are acidic, liquids with pH level greater than 7 are alkaline. Unpolluted rain has a pH level over 5.7, so it is slightly acidic. Affected areas Places significantly impacted by acid rain around the globe include most of eastern Europe from Poland northward into Scandinavia, the eastern third of the United States and southeastern Canada. Other affected areas include the southeastern coast of China and Taiwan Causes · It is caused when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. In the atmosphere they re...
The most pressing environmental issues in Estonia The earth is considered as one of the most beautiful planets in the Universe. Unfortunately, our planet is suffering due to many problems which should be solved before it is too late. Of course our country is not an exception. The major problems that are facing our country today are air and water pollution and recycle problem. Also we have, for example, deforestation problem and traffic jams, for instance, in Tallinn in rush-hour. Nevertheless, those problems are not so significant than previous. One of the biggest problems in Estonia is air and water pollution. One example of air pollution is exhaust fumes. Today we have a lot of transport: cars and buses, in the main in our capital. Gases which are produced by cars contain carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide in the air causes global warming, which is the result of the green house effect. Furthermore, it will ...
Carbonated beverages: healthy or harmful? Anna Beda KATB11 Food Engineering and Product Development Tallinn University of Technology December 6, 2012 Following topics 1. What is carbonated beverage? 2. Main components 3. Influence on our organism 4. Conclusion 5. Interesting facts 6. Sources What is carbonated beverages? Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Composition of carbonated drinks Sweetners Carbonated water Acids Caffeine ...
Environmental issues in Estonia The Earth is considered to be the most beatiful planets in the Universe. But our planet is threaten by environmental problems. Even a small country like Estonia can make difference. Our capital city is fighting against air pollution. But people produce much refuse and ways of recycling are getting old. Water pollution is also a problem in Estonia. We have factories that let their waste run into rivers. One of the biggest problems in Estonia is air pollution. Our air is polluted by exhaust fumes, because today we have a lot of cars, buses and other machines. In 2009 we had 407 cars to thousand inhabitants, which is lower than European Union average, but this number is still high. Because cars produce gases that contain carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide in the air causes global warming, which is the result of the greenhouse effect. Tallinn wants to fight against it by offering public transportati...
Solar power What is solar power? Solar power is the energy, which is derived from solar radiation energy. Mainy used to heat and power production, but as well as natural lighting. Solar power released as a result of fusion reactions taking place in the sun. What is solar power? Päikeseenergia on energia, mis on saadud päikesekiirguse energiast. Põhiliselt kasutatakse seda soojuse ja elektri tootmiseks aga ka loomulikus valgustuses. Päikeseenergia vabaneb päikesel toimuvate termotuumareaktsioonide tulemusel. Using heat production production of electricity from solar energy Kasutamine: Soojuse tootmiseks (sh. tarbevee ja joogivee kütmiseks) kasutatakse päikesekütteseadmeid. Elektri tootmine päikeseenergiast võib toimuda fotoelement- ehk fotogalvaanilises elektrijaamas päikesepatareidega või päikese-soojuselektrijaamades läbi soojuse. ...
Tartu Miina Härma gymnasium Biogas The source of future energy Report Tartu 2010 Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................... What is biogas?................................................................................................... Producing process............................................................................................... Nowadays............................................................................................................ Areas where biogas is used in............................................................................. Biogas as replacement of fuel.......................................................................... Other benefits.......................................................................
Climate change Astrid Linder G1R1 Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect include: · Water Vapor · Methane · Nitrous · Carbon dioxide Florida Hawaii THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
Global Warming One of the biggest issues our planet and its inhabitants are facing nowadays is global warming. Global warming, also often referred to as the greenhouse effect, has not always been a problem. However, over the last centuries, since the Industrial Revolution things have changed. Polar regions are melting, species are dying, climate zones are shifting, migration patterns for animals such as polar bears and birds are being disrupted our world as we know it is changing. Some scientists believe that the climate will reach a tipping point, a point at which even a tiny additional increase would throw the system into violent change. We started doing harmful things and only now do we realize what we have done and what we are doing. At this current rate by the middle of next century the Earth's temperature may rise a predicted from 2 to 6 degrees Celsius. This may not seem as much but with the E...
Famous Scottish People Sean Connery Sean one of the most famous actors in the world, mostly because of his role as James Bond from 1962 to 1983, he also has won academy awards for producing fils as well as 3 golden globes He was born in Edinghburg Scotland in August 30th 1930 Alexander Grahm Bell Born March 3rd 1847 Very famous engineer, scientist and inventor Became a master pianist with no formal trainig as a child and also learned sing language when his mother started going deaf He is most famous for inventing the telephone in 1847 Joseph Black Born on April 16th 1728 Attended Glasgow University Famous physician and chemist and is credited for very significant discoveries such as latent heat, which is when heat is released and absorbed through the body specific heat, which is the amount of heat required to change the temperture of a substance, and also discovered the gas know...
Running head: NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear Energy U.S. Government History of Nuclear Energy- Nuclear Energy History of Nuclear Energy · Uranium was discovered in 1789 by Martin Klaproth. He was a German chemist, and named his discovery after the planet Uranus ("Outline history of," 2010) · 1939-1945 Manhattan Project- atomic energy program to develop the first transportable atomic bomb ("Nuclear technologies timeline," ) · 1942- First self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction ("Nuclear technologies timeline," ) · 1945- Hiroshima and Nagasaki- US. drops atomic bombs to Japan to end World War II ("Nuclear technologies timeline," ) · 1946- First nuclear energy in civilian use ("Nuclear technologies timeline," ) NUCLEAR ENERGY · 1954- Atomic Energy Act ...
PROJECT Things You Can Do To Protect the Environment changing. We need to help it change for the better and we're asking for your help to do that! There are a lot of things that affect our planet in a bad way but the good news is that everyone can help to reduce them and do their bit for the environment. Here’s a list of LOVE AND CARE THE ENVIRONMENT important topics ...
Essay. Is global climate change (global warming) man-made or not? Over the last hundred years the Earth has been warming. This warming is believed to lead to many issues such as increasing of nature disasters, weather changes and draught. All of these consequences could become a reason of economic decay in many countries, especially in some undeveloped countries. Therefore it is very important to find out who is guilty of the climate changing. Many people are confident that the reason of global warming is man made carbon dioxide. Over the last hundred years our society has been developing very fast: there has been built a huge amount of different factories, has been made so many inventions in all fields of human activity. Unfortunately only recently we have noticed that by making our life more comfortable and more enjoyable we destroy nature and cause appearance of ozone holes wh...
Tb p 63 ex 5-8 5.To grow new parts-the ability to reproduce To produce young-offspring To react to something-respond to To become adjusted to new conditions-able to adapt Plants and animals living in one place-natural community Type of plant or animal-specie Area covered with growing trees-woodland Organisms that feed on dead tissues-decomposers 6.able to grow- change to different size or shape Replace-something -living things can to for themselvs Repair parts-living things can to for themselvs Respond to stimuly- ability to grow toward the light Able to adapt-to survive in nature Natural selection-ability to make living things better to survive and live longer Interact- to act upon one another. Surrounding- all round a particular place or thing Dominated-different species that are more existing Species- a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals Food chain- a series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source...
Õhk, mille koostises on 1% süsihappegaasi, teeb mõned inimesed uimaseks, 710% kontsentratsioon põhjustab peapööritust, peavalu, nägemis- ja kuulmishäireid ning mõne minuti või tunni jooksul teadvusekaotust. Süsihappegaas on kasvuhoonegaas, sest laseb läbi nähtavat valgust, aga neelab infrapunast kiirgust.5 3 https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCsihappegaas (03.02.16) 4 https://turismimojud.wikispaces.com/CO2 (05.02.16) 5 http://www.lenntech.com/carbon-dioxide.htm (05.02.16) 6 3.1. Süsihappegaasi ajalugu Süsihappegaas oli üks esimesi gaase, mida kirjeldati õhust erineva ainena. 17. sajandil täheldas flaami keemik Jan Baptist van Helmont, et puusöe põletamisel kinnises anumas on järelejääva tuha mass väiksem kui algse söe mass. Tema tõlgendus oli, et ülejäänud süsi muutus nähtamatuks aineks või gaasiks.6 Süsinikdioksiidi omadusi uuris põhjalikumalt 1750
As time goes on, society will have to face many problems. The biggest issues are with the environment that is around us. It is surprising how our traditional habits can contribute so strongly to environmental problems. They affect the whole world, even our little country Estonia. We, as individuals, are capable of doing anything to save our world. To begin with, everyday life has been disturbed because of COVID-19. Life stopped during this pandemic not only in China where it started, but also across the globe. When we look at the present situation, very many people are confined to their own homes. In Estonia, students can’t go to school normally, they have to stay behind the computer every day and it is very exhausting. Many parents have lost their jobs because of the virus. And still there are people who won’t listen to the government rules and spread the virus further. Secondly, global warming is increasing at an alarming rate wit...
Venus Venus has been known since prehistoric times and the planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love. It is the second-closest planet to the Sun and it`s often called Earth's "sister planet," because the two are similar in size, gravity, and bulk composition. Because of these similarities, it was thought that Venus might even have life. Venus is also called the Morning star or the Evening star, because it reaches its brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset. It is the brightest object in the sky except for the Sun and the Moon. During the last few years the scientists have found that Venus and Earth are very different. It has no oceans and is surrounded by a heavy atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide with virtually no water vapor. There are strong winds at the cloud tops but winds at the surface are very slow, no more than a few kilometers per hour. The surfac...
Name at least 3 renewable energy sources. What consequence might there be if we use non-renewable energy too much? Which energy technology is the world's fastest growing? With what name is renewable energy also known as? Light Heat Electricity Generated from natural resources. Doesn't harm the environment. Can't be replenished Most of our energy. May cause global warming. Wind energy is the fastest growing. Most renewable energy comes from the sun. Hydroelectric energy is the oldest and largest source. Renewable energy a.k.a "green" energy. Thank you for listening! We use energy every day. It surrounds us in different forms, such as light, heat, and electricity. Our bodies use the energy stored in molecules of substances like carbohydrates and protein to move, breathe, grow, and think. We also use energy to do work and to play. Humans have invented thousa...
Hingamine, põlemine ja fotosüntees Hingamine Hapnik (O2) võtab osa paljudest looduses toimuvatest nähtustest. Kõik elus organismid, sealjuures bakterid, hingavad. Vaid üksikud bakteriliigid, kes elavad veekogude põhjamudas, sõnnikukuhilas või sügaval mullas, ei kasuta hapniku. Neile on hapnik mürgine ja õhu kätte sattudes nad hukkuvad. Inimesed ja paljud teised organismid kasutavad hingamiseks õhus sisalduvat hapnikku. Kui võrdleme sissehingatud ja väljahingatud õhu koostist, siis selgub, et sissehingatavas õhus on rohkem hapnikku kui väljahingatavas õhus. Väljahingatavas õhus on rohkem süsihappegaasi (carbon dioxide). Hapnikku kasutab organism elutegevuseks, energia saamiseks, liikumiseks, rakkude ülesehitamiseks. Ainevahetusel tekkinud süsihappegaas eraldub väljahingatava õhuga. Sissehingatava õhu peamine koostis: Hapnik: ~21% Lämmastik: ~78% Süsihappegaas: ~0.4% Väljahingatava õhu peamine koostis: Hapnik:~16% Lämmastik: ~78%...
Car v. walking Today, people are becoming more and more comfortable and lazier. People are buying more cars than ever, and are starting to forget what is walking; they tend to forget that walking is also one of the ways of traveling. But which is better travelling by car or walking on foot? On the one hand, travelling by car is much quicker than travelling on foot, on foot, people are travelling about 5 km/h, but with car, you can travel so fast, how fast you are allowed to. Also, car is much more comfortable, especially nowadays. But the biggest plus in travelling by car in my opinion, is that, when you are travelling by car you can travel long distances, but when you are walking, you can travel about 10 km and then human organism needs a rest. But there is no healthier travelling way than walking; when people are walking every day their health becomes strong and when human body is trained and strong, then it i...
Estonian University of Life Sciences Report on Soil Microflora By Katrin Vares Tartu 2013 Introduction The purpose of this report is to define soil microflora and establish the importance of it. Since the microorganisms clearly play an important role in preserving the balance of life, the next objective is to look into factors that influence this balance. Natural conditions and cultural impact could be considered as the variables that correlate the most with the activity and composition of microflora, hence some of the natural and cultural factors will be looked into a little more in detail. Definition, composition and importance of microflora Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary (2007) cited by the online medical dictionary (2013) defines living microorganisms as that small that they can be seen only with a microscope and that maintain a more or less constant presenc...
Environmental Issues and Sustainable Development in Estonia We are all a part of the environment that surrounds us. Unfortunately, people do not always know how to take care of the things that are vital to our survivor but what we take for granted such as water, air and forests products. However, things have improved in recent years. What has been done to improve the environment in Estonia? People today are too lazy to think or to do something to protect the environment. They dump their waste into forests and even rivers which causes air and water pollution. Fortunately, people have come up with different organisations and events to help clean our envrionment. An annual event such as ,,Teeme ära!" motivates people to go out, spend time with friends and family and have fun while cleaning up the trash. This event first took place in 2008 and is now one of the biggest worldwide environmental events. Estonian Commission on Sustainabl...
Tööleht nr 4 . Valitud riigi – Suurbritannia majandus. Õpilase nimi: Andmeallikaid kasutades ära unusta viitamist. Arvandmete kasutamisel tuleb lisada ühikud ja aastad. NB! Kui kasutad lisalehti – kinnita/klammerda need töölehe külge . Märkus! Andmed, mis olen kirjutanud kajastuvad enamikes ülesannetes 2008-st aastast. Mõnel üksikul kohal on värskem ja uuendatud materjal 2009 aastast. 1. Millised on Sinu riigi majanduse arengut soodustavad tegurid? Millised takistavad tegurid? Leia/nimeta 2 olulisemat mõlemal juhul. Soodustavad: a. Põllumajandus on intensiivne, palju masintööd, mis on euroopa standartile vastavalt efektiivne, tootes 60% vajaminevast toidust vaid kahe protsendilise tööhõivega kogu riigist. b. Väga suurtes kogustes loodusliku gaasi, sütt ja õli, millega sai temast üks tähtis energia importijaid aastal 2005. Takistavad: ...
Acid rains Stefani Nimtsuk What is acid rain? Rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids History Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased In 1852, Robert Angus Smith was the first to show the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution in Manchester, England Though acidic rain was discovered in 1852, it was not until the late 1960s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon The term "acid rain" was generated in 1972 Canadian Harold Harvey was among the first to research a "dead" lake Public awareness of acid rain in the U.S in...
Ecological problems Situation Reason Consequenses Suggestions for solutions Ozone layer is damaged · Using different sprays · Increase of UV-rays · Ozone friendly products · Burning rubber and other (causes cancer) · Campaigns to make people plastics · There is no life possible on aware of dangers · Factories produce sulphur the Earth without ozone layer Depletion of natural resources · Misusage of natural · Loss of luxurity · Using renewable resources ...
Turismi negatiivne mõju majandusele ja keskkonnale MAJANDUS 1. Riikide poliitiline ja majanduslik olukord mõjutavad oluliselt turismi. Riikides, kus on näiteks orkaanid, maavärinad, terroriak või haiguste levik, võib turistide arv olla väike. 2. Turismi abil loodud töökohad on tihti madala palgaga ja hooajalised. Turism võib ka kergitada toodete, teenuste ja kinnisvara hinda kohalike jaoks. 3. Suur osa turismitulust viiakse sihtriigist välja. Selle põhjuseid on mitu: välismaise päritoluga majutusasutused ja reisiagentuurid, reklaamikulud ja toorainete hankimine turistide jaoks. KESKKOND 1. Reostus - Vahemere kruiisid reostavad vee- ja rannikualasid ning merepõhja. Üks kruiisilaev tekitab aastas ligikaudu 50 tonni tahkeid jäätmeid. Praeguseks on ookeanides tekkinud ulpivast plastprügist saared. 2. Õhutransport on kõige saastavam transpordiliik. Lennuk pai...
Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition. Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the production of sulfuric oxides into the Earth's atmosphere with positive results Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased.[2][3] In 1852, Robert Angus Smith was the first to show the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution in Manchester, England.[4] Though acidic rain was discovered in 1852, it was not until the late 1960s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon. The term "acid rain" was generated in 1972. [5] Canadi...
Hello My name is JOHN SMITH and I am here to talk about Hydroelectricity. Global energy use has risen by 70% since 1971 and continues to increase at the rate of 2% per year. There are many scenarios for future demand. One solution would be to use more hydropower. In 2005, renewable energy represented one-fifth of total power generation. Hydropower is the most advanced of the renewable and represents 87% of this production. 160 countries all over the world are using hydropower. Five countries make up more than half of the world's hydropower production. Those countries are: Brazil,Canada, China, Russia and the USA. (Production) *Most of the energy comes from the potential energy of dammed water driving a water turbine and generator. In this case the energy extracted from the water depends on the volume and on the difference in height between the source and the water's outflow. *Pumped storage hydroelectricity produces electricity to supp...
The following 10 activities will be a great help in solving our transportation problems. Do as many of these as you can, and encourage your friends and family to do the same. Together we can make a difference! 1. Get a Better Vehicle --- If you need to drive, replace your old car with one of the new hybrid gas and electric cars - and you could save as much as $11,000 on gas and produce 107 fewer tons of carbon dioxide. The new efficient hybrids are reliable and drive just like standard cars. If you make no other transportation changes in your life, this one will make a huge difference. 2. Walk to Your Destination --- If it's a reasonable distance, you'll save energy and improve your health. Walking also helps to reduce tension and stress. Get some good walking shoes, dress for the weather, and hoof it! 3. Ride Your Bike --- If you need to travel a greater distance, take your bike. Again, it's good exercise, it feels great and it's f...
TALLINNA ÜLIKOOL Matemaatika ja Loodusteaduste instituut Amiinide praktilisest tähtsusest Referaat Koostaja: Minu Nimi Eriala Õppejõud: Õppejõu nimi Tallinn 2012 Sisukord Sisukord...................................................................................................................................... 2 Sissejuhatus ................................................................................................................................2 Amiinide üldised omadused ja jaotamine...................................................................................2 Amiinide leidumine looduses..................................................................................................... 2 Amiinide kasutamine tehnikas.............................................
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RAINFOREST The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest are indescribable. It is impossible to capture on film, to describe in words, or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest. Rainforests have evolved over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. Rainforests represent a store of living and breathing renewable natural resources that for eons, by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species, have contributed a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of humankind. These resources have included basic food supplies, clothing, shelter, fuel, spices, industrial raw materials, and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest. However, the inner dynamics of a tropical rainforest is an intricate and fragile system. Everything is so i...
Food and environment Brita Lodi Tallinn University of Technology Management of Environment 2015 MEAT INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ● GREENHOUSEGASES ● WATER (USAGE, POLLUTION) ● LAND ● WASTE ● OCEANS ● RAINFORESTS ● WILDLIFE ● HUMANITY GREENHOUSE GASES 18 PER CENT OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ARE CAUSED BY ANIMAL AGRICULTURE CARBONDIOXIDE METHANE NITROUS OXIDE LIVESTOCK AND THEIR BYPRODUCTS ACCOUNT FOR AT LEAST 32,000 MILLION TONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) PER YEAR, OR 51% OF ALL WORLDWIDE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. METHANE (and nitrous oxide) „THE MAIN SOURCES OF METHANE ARE THE ENTERIC FERMENTATION OF RUMINANTS AND RELEASES FROM STORED MANURE“ WASTE EVERY M I N U T E, 3.5 MILLION KILOGRAMS OF MANURE ARE PRODUCED BY ANIMALS RAISED FOR FOOD IN THE US. WATER 20-33% OF ALL FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION IS USED IN ANIMAL AGRICULTURE. HUM...
Rainforest destruction Gerly Haaristo 206 RMÜ The Disappearing Rainforests Kaduvad Vihmametsad · Rainforests once covered 14% of the earth's land surface; now they cover a mere 6% and experts estimate that the last remaining rainforests could be consumed in less than 40 years. · Vihmametsad katsid kunagi 14% maapinnast, praegu katavad nad ainult 6% ja eksperdid arvavad et viimased alles olevad vihmametsad nö. tarvitatakse ära vähema kui 40 aasta pärast. Causes of rainforest destruction Vihmametsa hävitus põhjused. · Logging · Agriculture · Fuelwood- küttepuud · Large Dams- suured tammid · Mining and industry- kaevandus ja tööstus. · Tourism turism. · Poverty and overpopulation vaesus ja ülerahvastatus. · Colonialism kolonialism. Why save it? · The rainforest is home to over · Vihmamets on koduks rohkem fifty perc...
GLOBAL WARMING Global warming is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system. Since 1971, 90% of the increased energy has been stored in the oceans, mostly in the 0 to 700m region. Despite the oceans' dominant role in energy storage, the term "global warming" is also used to refer to increases in average temperature of the air and sea at Earth's surface. Since the early 20th century, the global air and sea surface temperature has increased about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth's surface than any preceding decade since 1850. More than 90% certain that most of global warming was being caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities.In 2010 that finding was recognized by the national science academies of all majo...
1. What is a plant? Plant is a living organism. It is made up of different parts, each of whitch has specialized function. 2. Name the parts of a shoot system. The shoot system above the ground consists of the stem, the leaves, flowers and fruit. 3. What are the main functions of a shoot system? Main functions of a shoot system are: * Stem- to support the plant, to transport water, minerals and sugar * Leaves- to make food by photosynthesis, to absorb water from air * Flower- to contain reproductive organs, the reproductive function *Fruit- to enclode the seeds, to protect seeds 4. What are the main functions of a root system? Main functions of a root system are to take in, absorb water and minerals, to hold the plant firmly in the soil. 5. What happens in the process of photosynthesis? For the process of the photosynthesis is sunlight necessary. Water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the ...
How to produce bioenergy from agricultural resources without harming the environment Jürgen Aosaar Jaak-Albert Metsoja Ahto Oja BOVA cource on biogas from biomass March 3-7 2008 Tartu Deciduous tree species on abandoned agricultural land Current situation • The long term development plan of the Estonian energy industry foresees a reduction in the use of fossil fuels and an increase in the share of biofuels: by the year 2010 renewable energy must account for 5.1% of total energy consumption Current situation (2) • In Estonia we have abandoned arable land about 400 000 ha, part of it is overgrowing naturally, and another part has been afforested • For short-rotation forestry in Estonia, ecologically and economically the most suitable tree is probably grey alder, which is a highly productive and soil improving species Grey alder...
SISUKORD ENERGY STORY................................................................................................................4 USES OF ENERGY............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Uses of energy in homes...............................................................................................5 2.2 Types of energy used in homes.................................................................................... 6 2.3 Energy use in different types of homes........................................................................ 6 2.4 Commercial Energy Use...............................................................................................9 2.5 Industrial and Manufacturing Energy Use..................................................................11 2.6 Transportation Energy Use.................................................
Renewable energy Meriliin Lend Estonian University of Life Sciences Tartu 2013 Topics Renewable energy Solar energy Wind energy Hydroelectric power Geothermal energy Biomass energy Renewable energy Renewable energy comes from sources that naturally renew, or will not run out in our lifetimes. Includes sunlight, wind, water, geothermal heat and various forms of biomass. Renewable energy cannot be exhausted and is constantly renewed. Does not harm the environment. Saves money. Solar energy Solar energy is the technology used to harness the sun's energy and make it useable. Every hour the sun beams onto Earth more than enough energy to satisfy global energy needs for an entire year. Solar energy use has surged at about 20 percent a year over the past 15 years, thanks to rapidly falling prices and gains in efficiency. Solar energy is inexhaustible. Noise free. Does not harm the environmen...
Air pollution Every day, the average person inhales about 20,000 liters of air. Every time we breathe, we risk inhaling dangerous chemicals that have found their way into the air. Air pollution includes all contaminants found in the atmosphere. These dangerous substances can be either in the form of gases or particles. Air pollution can be found both outdoors and indoors. Pollutants can be trapped inside buildings, causing indoor pollution that lasts for a long time. The sources of air pollution are both natural and human-based. As one might expect, humans have been producing increasing amounts of pollution as time has progressed, and they now account for the majority of pollutants released into the air. Air pollution has been a problem throughout history. Even in Ancient Romepeople complained about smoke put into the atmosphere. The effects of air pollution are diverse and numerous. Air...
Different types of forests and their forms of usage TARTU 2010 Forest A forest (also called a wood, woodland, wold, weald, holt, frith) is an area with a high density of trees. Forests cover approximately 30% of land and 9.4% of all the planet earth. They are also responsible for regulating our planet's climate and act as large purifiers of airs, by absorbing carbon dioxide, and giving out oxygen. Different types of forests Forests are divided into following main types: o Tropical forest o Subtropical forest o Plantations o Boreal forest o Temperate forest o Seasonal or monsoon forest Tropical and Subtropical Forests Tropical and subtropical forests, also known as rainforests or tropical rainforests, are lavish and ample forests with broad leave tree. They are mostly found at lowlands near the equator - Asia, Africa, South & Central Am...
Test Name:............................................................ Mark:...................... 1.Complete the sentences with the prepositions . 1. The test consisted .................. two grammar exercises and a writing task. 2. I read a page .................. the book. 3. It is available .................. the internet. 4. Prices have risen .................. 10 percent. 5. I get a present .................. Jane. 6. Jane is standing ..................the car. 7. She likes a book .................. Mark Twain. 8. I go to school from Monday .................. Friday. 9. He was accused .................. the crime. 10. to carry somebody .................. board 11.He spent his childhood .................. the company of his brothers...
UK Conservation & Environment 1. What does AONB stand for? 2. What type of environment does the Ramsar Convention protect? 3. Which country has the greatest proportion of its land devoted to National Parks and other countryside conversation areas: England, Scotland, Wales or Northen Ireland? 4. Which is the main contributing gas to the greenhouse effect? 5. Which fortification in Britain dates from the Roman era and is listed in the World Heritage List? 1. Area of outstanding natural beauty 2. Wetlands 3. Northen Ireland 4. Carbon dioxide 5. Hadrian's Wall, in the north of England Physical geography 1. Which of the following countries is the nearest continental neighbour to Great Britain: Denmark, Portugal, France or Greece? 2. Which of these cities are close to the same line of latitude as London: Berlin, Moscow, New Yo...
Formaldehyde Formaldehyde is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature. It has a pungent, distinct odor and may cause a burning sensation to the eyes, nose, and lungs at high concentrations. Formaldehyde is also known as methanal, methylene oxide, oxymethylene, methylaldehyde, and oxomethane. Formaldehyde can react with many other chemicals, and it will break down into methanol (wood alcohol) and carbon monoxide at very high temperatures. Formaldehyde is naturally produced in very small amounts in our bodies as a part of our normal, everyday metabolism and causes us no harm. It can also be found in the air that we breathe at home and at work, in the food we eat, and in some products that we put on our skin. A major source of formaldehyde that we breathe every day is found in smog in the lower atmosphere. Automobile exhaust from cars without catalytic converters or those using oxygenated ...
Tallinn 2013 Ott Speek Subject: English Geodesy Study group: GI-21b PETROLEUM PRESENTATION Petroleum (L. petroleum, from Greek: Πέτρα (rock) + Latin: oleum (oil) is a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. The name Petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oils and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. A fossil fuel, it is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, usually zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and undergo intense heat and pressure. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. This comes after the studies of structural geology (at the reservoir scale), sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization (mainly in terms of porosity and perme...
1. (a) (i) gene length of DNA; codes for a (specific), polypeptide / protein / RNA; max 1 allele alternative form of a gene; found at a, locus / particular position on, a chromosome; max 1 (ii) assume allele refers to coat colour allele (coat colour) gene / alleles, only on X chromosome; A no (coat colour), gene / allele, on Y chromosome male cats, XY / only have one X chromosome; males have only one (coat colour) allele / cannot have two (coat colour) alleles; need black and orange alleles for tortoiseshell colour; 2 r r w w (b) parental genotypes C C × C C ; r w ...
Margit Tepner k0848752 Sustainability aspects of biofuels 1. Introduction The literature review will discuss the sustainability aspects of biofuels. Food production will be the main concern as it is the most debated issue, but other aspects, such as land use change and water consumption will be also considered as they are essential aspects in the biofuels sustainability criteria. The review will discuss the viability of biofuels based on the current technologies. Second-generation biofuels are not yet commercially viable and therefore will not be discussed; although they could significantly improve the sustainability of biofuels when they break through to the industrial scale. 2. The scale of biofuels production 2.1. Drivers of biofuels production Lal (2010) stated that "three inter-connected challenges face humankind in the 21st century": food security, climate change, and energy security. The world...
ELEKTROENERGEETIKA INSTITUUT Referaat Taastvad Energiaallikad Esitamise tähtaeg 14.04.2009 Õppejõud: Hannes Agabus Tudeng: Sergei Belosapko Nikita Naumov Tallinn 2009 Contents: 1. Renewable energy 1.1. Costs................................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Potential future utilization..............................................................................4 1.3. Why Don't We Use More Renewable Energy? ...........................................5 2. Energy Types 2.1. Wind Energy.......................................................................................................6 2.1.1. Annual Generation........................................................................................7 2.1.2. ...
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