Cialdini raamat
a notion of the extent to which their scheme of paid applause would be adopted
and applied wherever opera is sung."
As claquing grew and developed, its practitioners offered an array of styles and
strengths. In the same way that laugh-track producers hire individuals who excel in
titters, chuckles, or belly laughs, the claques spawned their own specialists-the
pleureuse, chosen for her ability to weep on cue; the bisseur, who called "bis" (repeat)
and "encore" in ecstatic tones; and, in direct kinship with today's laugh-track per-
former, the rieur, selected for the infectious quality of his laugh.
DEFENSE _ _
For our purposes, though, the most instructive parallel to modern forms of
canned response is the conspicuous character of the fakery. No special need was
annaabi.ee 
