Fat Margaret was built in 16th century. Author of the first design was Clemens Pale, but the building was finished by Gert Konigk. 2nd March 1917 the convicts were liberated and the tower was set in fire by the mob of workers and sailors In 1930ties part of the complex buildings were used by the Tallinn City museum In 1978 to 1980 the tower were renovate First architect Clemens Pale was start building the canon tower in 15101529 to protect the harbour against the invaders. Building was finished by master Gert Konigk from Münster in 1531. The tower was reconstructed by Polish renovators from 1978 to 1980 The tower was originally used the canon tower, later it was taken into use as an arsenal and magazine . 1830 1917 it served as a prison since the convicts were liberated and the tower was set in fire Fat Margaret's Tower are now used by houses the Estonian...
n Tallinn TV tower was reopened on April 5, 2012 Thursday, March 7, 13 TV tower after reopening n 2 lifts that are going to top with only 49 seconds n New design n 360 panoramic view n Estonia´s hall of fame gives an overview what people who have lived in Estonia have accomplished n New cafe and restoran with a beautiful view Thursday, March 7, 13 Thursday, March 7, 13 Thursday, March 7, 13 Architects n David Bassiladze and Juri Sinis n Renovation from KOKO Arhitects OÜ- group of Estonian architects n Famous works- Fahle house, English College sports building, Delta plaza n They have won many prizes because of their good works Thursday, March 7, 13 7 Thursday, March 7, 13
Architect Annika Palmi What does this person do? ● work in the construction industry ● are involved with designing new buildings, extensions or alterations to existing buildings, or advising on the restoration and conservation of old properties. Are there any career prospects? ● working in both large and small Table architectural bureaus and local governments and state agencies ● Experienced architects also set up their own offices ● also good opportunities to work abroad and international projects Is it well-paid or not? ● Architects are highly valued and paid fairly ● A common type of account depends on the remuneration of the parties to the agreement. Cost of the project will depend on the total cost of construction . ● Local governments are the architect firm monthly salary What skills and personal qualities are needed to do the job? ●
architecture of Tallinn. The city has alot of different modern buildings. We will intoduce you some of them in the next couple of minutes. KUMU Opend in 2006. Has close to 25 000 rooms. It has 7 floors. Kumu's permanent exhibition introduces Estonian art from 18th century till 1991. ESTONIAN FILM MUSEUM Opend in 2017. The building is minimalistic with façade of stained walls. It has an exhibitions dedicated to the history of cinema in Estonia. Architects were Anto Savi, Margus Soonets and Jürgen Lepper. NOA RESTAURANT Opend in 2014 The building has been specially built for the restaurant. The interior is simple and full of light and all tables have a view to the sea. VIIMSI SECONDARY SCHOOL The ground floor of the school is in the shape of a sun weel. Different wings of the building meet in the middle and from an atrium with a glass roof and a water wall. Architects: Illimar Truverk, Eero Endjärv, Priit Pent and
Madras High Court, built in 1862 Kanpur Memorial Church, 1875 St. John's College, Agra Crawford Market, 1869 Dedicated to Queen Victoria Built from the same marble as Taj Mahal A 16 feet bronze statue of Victory, weighing three tons, revolves in the uppermost section of the building Contemporary Architecture Bahai Temple After the British left India in 1947 Indian architecture dropped into an abyss; Indian architects during the British period had been relegated to being assistants, and they were not involved in the actual design of monuments; Dilemma between the Revivalists and the Modernists Experiments with new ideas; Instead of soft curves, there are now harsh lines; Basic design is flat and square, not round anymore; Used material http://www.culturalindia.net/indian-architecture/indo-islamic.html http://www.indiasite.com/architecture/contemporary.html http://www.world-mysteries
Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey was built 960 years ago. Towers Westminster Abbey has two towers with 10 bells. Height of the towers is 225 feet (69 meters). Architects of Westminster abbey Christopher Wren, Nicholas Hawksmoor, Henry Yevele, John of Gloucester, Robert of Beverley, Henry of Reyns Coronations Every British ruler has been crowned in the Abbey except Edward V and Edward VIII. Resources https://www.britannica.com/topic/Westminster-Abbey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Abbey and from Google Search
St. Charles Church Basic Information Built in pseudo-Romanesque style Architects: O.P.Hippius and R.von Bernhard Limestone church Built in 1862-1882 Area 1197 m2 Biggest church in Tallinn The Costruction of the Church The Altar Come to me- painted by Johann Köler It was ready in the 23 of juli in 1879 The bottom altarpieces are painted by Sally von Kügelgen in 1889 The Church Bells The North Tower The South Tower The Organ The first one was
London eye Elis The London Eye at night Whenever you are in London, a "flight" on the London Eye is a must. It is really a great feat of engineering, and the views are spectacular (although I did ...
KUNSTIAJALUGU Donato Bramante Kristin Vaher III DEK Donato Bramante Donato d'Angelo di Pascuccio 1444 11. märts 1514 Aastad Urbinos ja Milanos Urbino 1444-1474 Nooruses asus õppima maalikunsti Fra Cannavale käe all Tegutses Luciano Laurana abilisena Urbino lossi ehitamisel Milano 1474-1499 1476 võttis Hertsog Ludovico Sforza ta õukonnaarhitektiks 1482 1486 Santa Maria presso San Satiro kiriku kooriruum 1492 1499 Santa Maria delle Grazie kiriku kooriruum 1499 oli sunnitud Milanost lahkuma Santa Maria presso San Satiro kiriku kooriruum 1482 1486 Santa Maria delle Grazie kiriku kooriruum 1492 1499 Sant'Ambrogio klooster 14971498 Palazzo Caprini Aastad Roomas 1499 - 1514 Tutvus kardinal della Roverega, kellest peatselt sai paavst Julius II 1500-1504 Santa Maria della Pace klooster 1504 Temp...
Lota Aadla 11 C klass Asukoht Kiasma asub Helsinki kesklinnas. Sadamast jalutades umbes poole tunnikese kaugusel. Kiasma on kaasaegse kunst muuseum. Saamise lugu Kiasma projekteerimis konkurss kuulutati välja 1992. aastal. Konkursil võisid osaleda KÕIK Põhjamaade ja Baltimaade arhitektid. Lisaks neile, kutsuti veel 5 kuulsat arhitekti. Saamise lugu Konkursi võitis USA arhitekt Steven Holl. Muuseumi ehitust alustati 1996. aastal ja see avati 1998. aastal Steven Holli teoseid Kiasma muuseum Kiasma on täis uueaja moodsat kunsti. Valdavalt on tegu video- ja fotoinstallatsioonidega,aga leidub ka vanakooli tuletõrjemuuseum kus on eesti-, vene- ja soome keelsed plakatid üleval. Kiasma hoone Kiasma siseplaan Kokkuvõtteks Video Kiasmast http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=4ji_BhoMOkA Kasutatud materjal http://www.kiasma.fi/ http://www.okia.ee/blog/2010/08/disainisahtel-kiasma-moodsa-kunsti-muuseum- helsinkis/ http://et.wikip...
Monument to the Conquerors of Space! Built in 1964 just at the entrance to the All-Russias evhibition, teh VDNKh, this is an extraordinary monument housing a full museum in the mound beneath. It is all clad in shiny stainless steel. In March 1958, a few months after the launch of Sputnik 1, a competition was announced for the best design of an obelisk celebrating the dawn of the Space Age. Out of some 350 proposals, the design by sculptor A.P. Faidysh-Krandievsky and architects A.N. Kolchin and M.O. Barshch was chosen. The grand opening of the monument took place on October 4, 1964, on the day of the 7th anniversary of the Sputnik 1 launch. Since the 1960s, this part of Moscow in general has had a high concentration of space- themed sights and names: besides the monument and the museum under it, the grand "Cosmos" pavilion in the Exhibition Centre displayed many artifacts of the Soviet space program
World Trade Center By Topics • Design • Construction • Buildings • Owners • Exploitation • Film and media • Accidents • Rebuilding the WTC • Pictures Design • Architects - Minoru Yamasaki, Emery Roth & Sons • Closely-spaced towers • The worlds tallest building • Height 417m, with antenna 526m • 110 floors Construction • Construction started in August 5, 1966 • Had to create 23 acers park next to center • Complited in 1970 • Opened for tenants in January 1972 • The ribbon cutting ceremony was on April 4, 1973 • Total cost reached to $900 million Buildings • "North Tower," a 110-story tower
the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. Buckingham Palace: • was built in 1705 for Duke of Buckingham and is originally known as Buckingham House. • George III bought Buckingham House in 1761 for his wife Queen Charlotte to use as a comfortable family home close to St James's Palace, where many court functions were held. Buckingham House became known as The Queen's House. • During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Before reconstruction Nowadays • Buckingham Palace has 775 rooms. These include 19 State rooms, 52 Royal and guest bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices and 78 bathrooms. In measurements, the building is 108 metres long across the front, and 24 metres high. • The Palace is very much a working building and the centrepiece of Britain's constitutional monarchy. It houses the offices of those who
At the beginning this land was owned by Grigori Jelissejev in 1897. Then he decided to build luxurious summer villa, which could compete with famous resting mekas in France, Riviera and in Italy. Inspired by views of Italian mountains the big merchant asked for development of a castle, which is in renaissance style. The building was finished in 1899. In the end of 19th century Jelissejev started constructing the park that was in an eclectic style. In those days all famous architects and landscape designers were working for this project. They built three gorgeous fountains around the castle area. Also, there were a lot of exotic trees and plants in this garden. Furthermore, a lot of well known people visited this amazing Oru park. One of them was Estonian president Konstantin Päts. Even one sort of rose is named in his honor. Toila Oru park is like a magnetic place for tourists from all over the world. This place gives you feeling of freedom and friendship with youth
Pyramid are almost entirely intact. The plan of the Black Pyramid Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level About the pyramid § When construction of the pyramid was nearly complete, the architects of Amenemhat III became aware of structural problems. The pyramid was being crushed under its own weight walls and ceilings were being pushed down and doorframes began to buckle. § The substructure of the pyramid contained a large complex array of chambers and corridors which weakened the pyramid core. About the pyramid § Amenemhat III chose the site of Hawara, south of Cairo in the Fayum region, as the location of his
Many sports are played in the park including tennis, netball, athletics, cricket, softball, rounders, football, hockey, australian rules football, rugby, ultimate frisbee and running. In addition, there are three playgrounds for children each with an attendant, and there is boating on the main lake. These sports take place in an area called The Northern Parkland, and are centred around The Hub. This pavilion and underground changing rooms was designed by David Morley Architects and Price and Myers engineers and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005.
features stood on the spot of the modern Jõhvi Concert H ouse. The manor buildings were surrounded by a spacious park, which can be found next to the concert house even today, reminding us of the former glory of the manor. In cooperation with the Estonian M inistry of Culture and Jõhvi Government the Jõhvi Theater was built in 2004 and first opened its doors on the 8th of October 2005 under the management of Aivar M äethe Director of Estonian Concert. The architects of the Concert H ouse are Ra Luhse and Tanel Tuhal. Scenes have been furnished with modern equipment. Linda M adalik created the grand hall's excellent acoustics. It is considered, that the hall has the best acoustics in the country. Beside two concert halls and orchestra hall, inside the main building of Jõhvi Theater is situated the Estonia's biggest cinema Amadeus, Jõhvi City Gallery, Jõhvi M usic
The Estonia Theatre The location Estoniatheatre is situated in the centre of Tallinn. Theatre Estonia winter garden The history The Estonia Theatre is an opera house and concert hall in Tallinn, Estonia. The Jugendstil building was designed by Finnish architects Armas Lindgren and Wivi Lönn. It was built as a national effort with the leadership of Estonia society in 1913 and was opened to the public on 24 August. At the time, it was the largest building in Tallinn. The opera house was heavily damaged in the Soviet air raid on Tallinn on 9 March 1944. It was reconstructed in a classical and Stalinist style, and reopened in 1947. Thebuilding has two large auditoriums in two separate wings. It now houses the Estonian National
building with a facade representing classical styles and opening onto Castle Square; and the building of the Riigikogu, which originates from the time of the First Republic of Estonia and is hidden behind the walls of the castle Time has been generous to Toompea castle. The well-protected fortress has been almost impregnable. It has been spared big fires and, even more importantly, the palace has always had its masters. Being a centre of power also meant that the best master builders and architects of their time worked here. In the second decade of the last century the Estonians had, for the first time in their history, the opportunity to build up a state of their own. By that time, the image of Toompea as a centre of power was so deeply rooted in the people that the voices of those who considered it a stronghold of foreign landlords remained in a small minority. With the construction of the Riigikogu building
Referaat Eliel Saarinen Autor: Magnus Lehiste Juhendaja: Ulvi Unt Kambja, 2013. Sisukord: 1 Tiitelleht 2 Sisukord 3 Juttu Eliel Saarinenist 4 Juttu Saarinenist / Kokkuvõte 5 Pilte Saarinenist 6 Kasutatud kirjandus 2 Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen oli Soome arhitekt, kes sai kuulsaks juugend stiilis ehitistega. Eliel Saarinen õppis Helsingi tehnikakõrgkoolis arhitektuuri ja Helisingi Ülikoolis maalikunsti. Saarineni nimetakse Soome moodsa arhitektuuri ''isaks''. Tema kavandatud on Soome rahvamuuseum, Helsingi raudteejaam, Hvitträski villa ning arvukad muud ehitised üle Soome. Pärast Es...
On September 15, 1710 the Swedish garrison, ravished by the plague, surrendered to the Russian army with no resistance. After Russia founded Bomarsund castle on just-occupied land islands and in the vicinity of the Swedish capital, Kuressaare was once and for all excluded from the list of the fortifications of the Tsarist Russia in 1836. A year before the castle had been sold to the Knighthood of Saaremaa for 3,000 roubles During 1904-1912 the convent building was renovated by architects W. Neumann and H.Seuberlich. The two upper floors of the Defence Tower were constructed anew; the window frames in the cloister of the main floor were restored and the wall between the chapel and the festive refectory rebuilt; some of the doors were relocated and windows widened; new ovens and staircases were built; stone plates with the coats-of-arms of the local noblemen were mured into wall of the cloister.
Turkey. Famous for its massive dome, it is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture. It was the largest cathedral in the world for nearly a thousand years, until the completion of the Seville Cathedral in 1520. The current building was originally constructed as a church between 532 and 537 A.D. on the orders of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian, and was in fact the third Church of the Holy Wisdom to occupy the site. It was designed by two architects. Church contained a large collection of holy relics and featured, among other things, a 50 foot (15 m) silver iconostasis. It was the patriarchal church of the Patriarch of Constantinople and the religious focal point of the Eastern Orthodox Church for nearly 1000 years. In 1453 Sultan Mehmed II ordered the building to be converted into a mosque. The bells, altar, iconostasis, and sacrificial vessels were removed, and many of the mosaics were eventually plastered over
tallest Ferris wheel in the world, until it was surpassed by the Star of Nanchang 160 m in May 2006, and then the Singapore Flyer 165 m on 11 February 2008. The London Eye is located at the western end of Jubilee Gardens, on the South Bank of the River Thames in London, United Kingdom, between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge. The site is adjacent to that of the former Dome of Discovery, which was built for the Festival of Britain in 1951. It was designed by architects David Marks, Julia Barfield, Malcolm Cook, Mark Sparrowhawk, Steven Chilton and Nic Bailey, the wheel carries 32 sealed and air-conditioned passenger capsules attached to its external circumference, each capsule representing one of the London Boroughs. In each capsule can be approximately 24 people, who are free to walk around inside the capsule, but the seating is also provided. It rotates at 26 cm per second so that one revolution takes about 30 minutes
telerikasti ja küünlaga. Nimelt teler ja altar olid üksteise vastas, justkui teler oleks altar, mille vastas Buddha ei mediteeri vaid valgusajastu kiired muudavad tervet maailma. See näitab ka seda, kuidas teler on saanud majapidamisi ühendavaks ühiseks nimetajaks. See paneb mõtlema, kui ei oleks teatud tehnika imesi ning muutusi, mis oleks maailmast saanud siis ja praegu, kuidas oleks minu elu teistsugune? Kolmas teos, mida ma lihtsalt pean mainima on firma Iced Architects poolt konstrueeritud „Häll“, mis on 3 minutiline video, mis esmalt paistav välja justkui Pipi Pikksuka puu onn või „Kolme põrsakese“ üks majadest. Kuid tegelikult, on selline vabaõhu-rippseade ööpäevaringseks elamiseks. Sellise majaga loodeti lahendada elupinna nappuse ja kättesaadavuse probleeme maailma suurlinnades. Kuid tekib küsimus, kes tahaks elada sellises puu uberikus, mille esmapilguna vaadates esimene tuuleiil võiks ära viia või hunt maha murda? Kuidas toimuks nn
The Spanish culture is rich, colorful and mysterious. Its culture and lifestyle differs tremendously from that of the other European countries. Bull Running: Every year in July thousands go to Pamplona to start Spain's most famous bull-running fiesta to honor the saint San Fermin. Runners, mainly young men, gather at the bottom of Santo Domingo. Then, a number of fighting bulls are let out onto the streets. The bulls run along the narrow street to a bull ring. The runners dash along in front of the bulls, trying to avoid getting gored by their sharp horns. When the bulls finally reach the end of the street, they go into enclosure and are kept until that day they are killed in a bullfight. Flamenco: The Spanish culture is also closely related to the famous Flamenco style. This passionate form of dance first originated in Andalusia, is around 200 years old and was originally considered to be a gypsy dance. It is a colorful dance that is...
The Buckingham palace is originally known as the Buckingham House. The building which forms the core of today's palace was a large townhouse. It was built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. It was subsequently acquired by George the third in 1761 as a private residence for Queen Charlotte and known as The Queen's House. During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. The last major structural additions were made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.Buckingham Palace is 108 metres long across the front, 120 metres deep (including the quadrangle) and 24 metres high. The total floor area of the Palace, from basement to roof, covers over 77,000 square metres
SEI – Structural Engineering Institute VD – Virtual design VDC – Virtual design and construction 4 Introduction With the turn of the millennium, a revolution began in architecture, engineering and the construction industry, aimed at implementing the latest three-dimensional computer aided tools to improve efficiency. Throughout history, some of the most famous architects – Michelangelo, Leonardo, Calatrava, Gehry, Kahn, etc. – have built mock-ups of their projects before beginning construction in order to resolve unforeseen design issues and check for constructability. During the last decade, this model-building has moved into the virtual world in the form of Building Information Modeling (BIM). The idea of an intelligent information rich building model is not new. The identity of BIM dates back
Olympics regatta event (see Sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics). It is located near Pirita, six km north-east of the Tallinn city center. The tower has a specified height of 314 m (1030.2 ft), though some sources put it at 312.6 m (1026.6 ft). The building is administered by the public company Levira (formerly Estonian Broadcasting Transmission Center Ltd) and is a member of the World Federation of Great Towers. The tower was designed by architects David Baziladze and Juri Sinis. The cornerstone was laid on September 30, 1975, and the building was inaugurated July 11, 1980 (although the first transmission took place in 1979). The tower body was constructed of reinforced concrete rings 50 cm thick that weigh a total of 17,000 metric tons, and the total tower weight is approximately 20,000 tons. The tower survived a fire during the construction stage. The observation deck on the 21st floor, originally designed to have a rotating section, is
energiasäästlikust hoonest. Kliimasüsteemi juhivad nutimonitorid, mis reguleerivad jooksvalt enegiakasutust vastavalt kogutud andmetele. Liigsest õhuniiskusest kogutakse vedelik vastavatesse seadeldistesse ning kasutatakse ära jahutussüsteemides või juhitakse tualettruumide veepaakidesse. 9. Shanghai World Financial Center | 492 m | | 101 korrust | Asukoht: Shanghai, Hiina Arhitektuuribüroo: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) + Mori Building + Irie Miyake Architects and Engineers Otstarve: Hotell, kaubandus- ja büroopinnad Valmimisaasta: 2008 Põnevaid fakte: Hoone fassaadi silmapaistvamaks arhitektuurseks elemendiks on pudeliavajat meenutav ava. Algselt nägi projekt ette ringikujulist avaust, kuid Hiina valitsus leidis, et kavand tuleb ümber teha, sest ring viitab Jaapani lipusümboolikale. Hoone läks maksma 1,2 miljardid dollarit ja seda ehitati 11 aastat. 8. TAIPEI 101 | 508 m | |101 korrust|
In minimalism, the architectural designers pay special attention to the connection between perfect planes, elegant lighting, and careful consideration of the void spaces left by the removal of three-dimensional shapes from an architectural design. The more attractive looking minimalist home designs are not truly minimalist, because these use more expensive building materials and finishes, and are relatively larger. Contemporary architects working in this tradition include John Pawson, Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira, Tadao Ando, Alberto Campo Baeza, Yoshio Taniguchi, Peter Zumthor, Hugh Newell Jacobsen, Vincent Van Duysen, Claudio Silvestrin, Michael Gabellini, and Richard Gluckman. Classicism Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate
Tallinna Saksa Gümnaasium POSTMODERNISM Referaat Marge Pärtel 12b 2010 Postmodernism Postmodernism järgneb modernismile nii ajalises kui ka hoiakulise edenemise mõistes. Postmodernism on 1970.aastatel tekkinud kultuuritedentside koondnimetus kirjanduses, kujutavas kunstis, muusikas, arhitektuuris, filosoofias, filmis ja teatris. Kuid postmodernismi kõge selgem tähendus sündis arhitektuuriteoorias. Inglise arhitektuuriajaloolane Charles Jencks avaldas 1997.aastal raamatu modernistliku arhitektuuri keelest. Selles väitis ta, et modernistlik arhitektuur on surnud ja pakkus isegi ,,surma" täpse aja- 15.juuli 1972 kell 15.32. Nimelt õhiti sel hetkel USA Saint Louisi linnas terve linnaosa, mis on muutunud asotsiaalide elupaigaks. Iroonia aga oli selles, et linn oli saanud 1951.aastal uue ja ü...
and the Estonian State Puppet Theatre. 3 The Estonia National Opera "Estonia" became a professional theater on September 16, 1906. The current Estonia house - a representative building in the heart of Tallinn - opened the doors in the summer of 1913. The building was designed by Finnish architects Armas Lindgren and Wiwi Lonn. The "Estonia" theatre has had several names during history, but since 1998, it bears the name The Estonian National Opera. From 1994 the theater is managed by the general manager Paul Himma. The Estonian National Opera is the home of the symphony orchestra, the opera choir and the ballet. The theater repertoire includes classical operas, ballets and operettas as well as modern musical and children plays. The most popular performances are "Swan Lake" and the opera
The core of the fortress was taken up by the Convent House, built to a specific plan and the layout evolved in the course of the Order´s construction activities.In the 1920s the house, which had fallen into disrepair, was replaced with the building of the parliament of the Republic of Estonia that follows in general the layout of the medieval construction. The building was designed by Eugen Habermann and Herbert Johanson, who later proved to be Estonia’s most outstanding architects. The building with its traditionalist exterior and expressionist interior is unique among parliament buildings. The most outstanding room of the building is the parliamentary chamber, with ultramarine walls and a pleated lemon-yellow ceiling, which extends through three floors. Today the castle complex is made up of several parts: the west wall and the Tall Hermann tower belong to the medieval fortress of the Order of the Brothers of
Lore has it that citizens of Tallinn pursued two objectives at once when building the tower. Concerned about their sailors and guests of the city, they wished to erect a lighthouse that could be seen even from the shores of Finland. On the other hand, the magistrate and the citizens wanted to use the excesses of their funds to create such an architectural masterpiece for their hometown, the likes of which could not hav been found in any other European city. Tallinn's architects of the old days probably aimed to reach the Heavenly Father or to defy the skies at least. 14 Summary The aim of the report was to find additional material about the houses on Lai Street that would be helpful for the students of Tallinna Mustamäe College while doing their guide practice exam in form eleven. In conclusion, we can say that although there is literature available on this subject, it is mostly found in the Estonian language, or written many years ago, and no
vaatajas esile positiivset reageeringut. Tugevatoonilised roosad ja rikkalikud pruunid saavad oma säravuse punaselt alustoonilt, seevastu punase ja valge dramaatiline kõrvutamine mõjub sageli mõlemaid värve intensiivistavalt, kui punane ei ole mitte liiga tugev. Küllastatud punase ja puhta valge koos kasutamine võib mõjuda väga vastuoluliselt. Joonis 5. Cologne Fire Services managment and training centre by BFM architects 3.2 Kollased Jäädes maha punase tekitavates universaalsetes assotsiatsioonides, on kollasel siiski väga tugev dekoratiivne väljendusvõime. Paljudele mõjub soe kollane toon niisama meeliülendavalt kui intensiivne punanegi. Sellegipoolest võivad kollase toonid sinisega varjutatult ja esinedes suurtel pindadel, anda ebameeldiva, mõneti sapivärvi tulemuse. Kasutatult toonitava värvina madalama tonaalsusega dekoratiivses kombinatsioonis, võib
prison. It should maximize its potential as the link between the two historical sites." Veronika Valk. Restoration Restoration of the seaplane hangars at the Lennusadama port and the construction of the innovative new exhibition are being financed from the European Structural Funds. The work has been budgeted at 130 million kroons and represents the second stage of the plans for the reconstruction of the port. The ideas of young architects are flying high: near the hangars there is going to be stop for the sea taxi. The sea unites most of the districts of Tallinn from Rocca al Mare to Merivälja: Stroomi, Pelgurand, Kopli, Kalamaja, city centre, Kadriorg, Pirita. Alternative public transport over the sea would help to speed up development near the coast. Interesting facts The rate of development in the airplane industry during the building of the hangars was more than rapid
weighs 300 kg and beats every 2 seconds. The clockwork mechanism in a room below weighs 5 tons. · Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. Originally known as, the building which forms the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. · Harrods is London's most famous department store, is named after Charles Henry Harrod, who opened a family grocers shop on the site in 1849
For 75 years there have been tentative efforts to build a purpose-built museum for the Art Museum of Estonia (AME). There have been several architectural competitions; in 1933 one of the competitors was Alvar Aalto, who took 3rd prize with his historical project, which was later built in Denmark. Due to World War II the museum was never built and AME had to wait another 50 years for the next opportunity. In 19931994, an open international architectural competition was held, in which architects from ten countries (Estonia, Finland, Denmark, Italy, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Australia, Germany and the USA) took part. The competition was organised by the government of the Republic of Estonia, the Art Museum of Estonia and the Estonian Union of Architects. The winner of the international architectural competition to design the building (19931994) was the Finnish architect Pekka Vapaavuori. In February 1999 a contract between the AME and
The North covers a large area and has a varied landscape which includes mountains of the Western Cordillera, the Innuitian Mountains, the Arctic Lowlands and parts of the Interior Plains and Canadian Shield. This varied landscape has one feature in common extremely cold winters and a lot of snow. It is so cold that the earth is frozen most of the year and almost never thaws. The permafrost has made constitution in the North a real challenge to architects and builders. Much of the North is treeless tundra but in the spring and summer the tundra plays host to a variety of beautiful wildflowers and shrubs. In the summer months, there is no darkness, the sun never sets. The summer season may be short but it is all the more appreciated for its contrast with the long darkness of the winter. And altogether there are 10 provinces and 3 territories in Canada. Economy.
Communism emerges victorious; if it be the latter, the story of Britain is told.") "Meie vaenlased on eelkõige praeguse parlamentaristliku süsteemi Vanad Olijad. Kui nende võim püsib edasi, saab meie homseks põhivaenlaseks Kommunistlik Partei. Vanad Olijad on katastroofi kujundajad, kommunistid on vaid selle elluviijad." ("The enemy today is the Old Gang of present parliamentarism. The enemy of tomorrow, if their rule persists much longer, will be the Communist Party. The Old Gang are the architects of disaster, the Communists only its executors.") Toodud tsitaadid tõestavad ilmekalt B.F.U. tegevuse uuenduslikku, kui mitte revolutsioonilist iseloomu, ning liikumise ideede üsna ühest vastavust fasismi peamistele kriteeriumitele. British Union of Fascist langus 1930. aastate keskel Suurbritannia majanduse jaluletõstmisel 1930. aastate keskel osutus võtmefiguuriks rahandusminister Neville Chamberlain. Lõuna-Inglismaal tekkisid arvestatavad eeslinnad ja arenes kergetööstus
https://docs.google.com/viewer? a=v&q=cache:TnyeyByruCgJ:resourceventure.org/free-resources/get-started/green- buildingpublications/CWM%2520Guide.pdf +&hl=et&gl=ee&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESipD6SQl55HhKRyg6-JhUQikjwk6 1Twdf2amMV7IACbw_jn1c2ZQBmZe5lJclUlAgO8jHiBqqbHWdf5prwOdwWTc obAjTAqHomN5i_7fo7dF0k4WTqE-raqHWV8l19m8x1YCIb9&sig=AHIEtb S1JW7Cyi2YNZCtG6Vd87h3dbEOsw (01.11.2012) 5. Mark Lennon. Recycling construction and demolition wastes: A guide for architects and contractors. 2005. Kättesaadav: http://www.mass.gov/dep /recycle/reduce/cdrguide.pdf (23.10.2012) 6. European Comission. Eurostat Home. Kättesaadav: http://appsso.eurostat .ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=env_wasgen&lang=en (30.10.2012) 7. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Kättesaadav: http:// www.defra.gov.uk/statistics/environment/waste/wrfg09-condem/ (26.10.2012) 8
Tüüpilised sellised ajakirjad on The Architects' Journal, Building, Building Trade Journal ja National building Specification. 2. Ehitaja hinnakirjad Hinnakiri on traditsiooniline allikas, mida iga-aastaselt avaldavad paljud organisatsioonid. Ka hinnakirjade sisu on avardunud, kuigi kiire inflatsiooni puhul on iga-aastastes väljaannetes avaldatu oluliseks puuduseks andmete aegumine. Mõned enamkasutatavamad hinnakirjad on Spon's Architects and Builders Price Book, Laxtons Price Book, Wessex Price Book ja Hutchins Priced Schedules. Nende allikate populaarsus seisneb ka sisalduva info laiaulatuslikkuses: a) konsultantide tasud ehituses b) palgad ehituses c) materjalide turuhinnad d) materjali ja tööjõu kulunormid e) tööde (klassifikaatori järgi) hinnad f) ehituse hinnaindeksid g) ligikaudsed eelarvenormid h) maksumuspiirangud i) hinnad Euroopa riikides ja üldinformatsioon
of the system's functions, services and operational constraints. Defines what should be implemented so may be part of a contract between client and contractor. Mis on nõuete inseneeria The process of establishing the services that the customer requires from a system and the constraints under which it operates and is developed. Kes milliseid nõudeid loeb Kasuataja nõuded client managers, system end-users, client engineers, contractor managers, system architects Süsteemi nõuded system end-users, client engineers, system architects, software developers Functional requirements Statements of services the system should provide, how the system should react to particular inputs and how the system should behave in particular situations. May state what the system should not do. - Describe functionality or system services. - Depend on the type of software, expected users and the type of system where the software is used.
The end of the Italian Renaissance witnessed a new vision of bridge construction. More than merely utilitarian, bridges were designed as elegant, grand passage-ways that were part of the visual perspective of the idealized cityscape - major accents to the totally redesigned merchant and capital cities. No country attempted to advance this concept more than France at the end of the 16th century, where a national transportation department of architects and engineers was set up, responsible for designing bridges and roads (Ponts et Chaussées). This corps of specialists gave the Neo-Classical period a range of monumental and elegant bridges on rivers as the Loire (Blois, Orléans, Saumur) and the Seine in Paris. This model spread all over Europe, producing large monumental urban bridges in capitals such as London, Saint Petersburg, and Prague. In Italy, Bartolomeo Ammannati evolved a new form for the Santa Trinità Bridge - a peculiar
progressively smaller pieces. ·But TOGAF isintended to be a generic method, one that works with any architecture. What happens when you are using a morebottom-up style, such as SOA, which starts with specific functions and builds them into a larger system? Many enterprise architecture frameworks break down the practice of developing artifacts into four practice areas. This allows the enterprise to be described from four important viewpoints. By taking this approach, enterprise architects can assure their business stakeholders that they have provided sufficient information for effective decision making. These practice areas are 1. Business: 1. Strategy maps, goals, corporate policies, Operating Model 2. Functional decompositions (e.g. IDEF0, SADT), capabilities and organizational models 3. Business processes 4. Organization cycles, periods and timing 5. Suppliers of hardware, software, and services 2
Chelsea Flower Show Referent 2 Tartu 2006 3 Contents Contents..........................................................................................................................3 Foreword........................................................................................................................4 Chelsea through the years, from beginnings to nowadays.............................................6 Changes........................................................................................................................14 The Role of the Royals.................................................................................................16 In Chelsea Flower Show have everyday different......................
Distrust to imagination (close to enthusiasm). Believed in fact and reason. Climate not good for religion and poetry. Good for prose. Writing in English, not Latin. No flourish permitted. All amplifications of style abandoned. Natural way of speaking, positive expressions, mathematical plainness. Clear statements, settled sentence forms. Poetry suffered, mystery dropped. 17. Burlington, Palladianism and the new morality Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington. Travelled to Italy to have architects to draw buildings of Andrea Palladio. To introduce England better taste. Study Palladio to have architectural revolution in England. Might have been the Stuart Restoration, whose martyred king Charles I was patron of Inigo Jones, whose work earl revived, restored, imitated and published. Palladio – late 16th C architect. England needed change (Pope’s Essay on Criticism – called for national change in taste and ideas). New style of „the antique simplicity”
g., for exploitation, renovation or demolition. One 52 possible and fast way of sharing information is using the model synchronization method over the internet. This is a fast way of sharing information. Krygiel, Eddy and Nies, Bradley (2008) defined the integrated use of a model as shown in figure 4.1. Workflow is divided into four collaborative steps (adapted): 1. Architects and consultants work on the same model; 2. Stage of refinement, where the model is passed to the contractor and building team 3. Model is adjusted to reflect the change that happened in the field. 4. Then it is shared with owner and facilitys maintenance operators Figure 4.1 The traditional and integrated approach to design review. 4.3.12 Planning use of BIM From the Crusell Bridge project, we learned the following: a comprehensive plan for BIM execution is
Zaha Hadid (s. 1950). Tema projekti järgi püstitatakse hetkel Londoni suveolümpiamängude tarbeks ülimoodsat veespordikeskust. Madridi linn tellis temalt ääretult markantse4 kohtuhoone projekti. Menukal naisarhitektil on hetkel kümneid ehitusjärgus tõid igal mandril (ka Vilniuses ja Moskvas). Loomulikult ei tööta see tubli naine oma projektidega üksi. Tema Londoni arhitektuuribüroos, mis kannab nime Zaha Hadid Architects on 250 töötajat. Proua juhitaval firmal on 5 asedirektorit. NB! Suurenda pilte! a) Zaha Hadid. Kohtuhoone Madridis (projekt) a) Zaha Hadid. Veespordikeskus Londonis (ehitusjärgus, valmib 2012). NB! Suurenda pilte! Zaha Hadid. Vahemere Muuseum Reggio Calabrias (Lõuna-Itaalias; projekt) Zaha Hadid. Vilniuse Guggenheimi Muuseum (Leedu; projekt) Kahe aasta eest kerkis Kadriorgu Lasnamäe nõlvale meie suurim kunstimuuseum KUMU. Projekti autor on soomlane Pekka Vapaavuori
ELEA organisatsioon ELEA EESTI LOGISTIKA ja EKSPEDEERIMISE ASSOTSIATSIOON asutatud 06.12.1994.a. ühendab 71 rahvusvahelise transpordi ja ekspedeerimise ning logistikateenuste pakkumisega tegelevat firmat. Kuidas jaotatakse organisatsioonid? FIATA, a nongovernmental organisation, represents today an industry covering approximately 40,000 forwarding and logistics firms, also known as the "Architects of Transport", employing around 8 10 million people in 150 countries. ELEA on rahvusvahelise ekspedeerimisega ja logistikateenuste pakkumisega tegelevate juriidiliste isikute vabatahtlik ühendus. Organisatsiooni eesmärgiks on esindada ja kaitsta liikmete ühiseid tööalaseid huve, vältida ebaausat konkurentsi ja aidata kaasa oma valdkonna õigusaktide väljatöötamisele ning sellealase info levikule. ELEA Juriidiliste isikute vaba...
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