Keelefilosoofia raamat
named his dog that. But it is the wrong kind of link. To rule it out, Kripke
requires that "[w]hen the name is `passed from link to link', the receiver of
the name must . . . intend when he learns it to use it with the same reference
as the man from whom he heard it" (1972/1980: 96). This requirement was
clearly not met by John Lewis, who was deliberately changing the referent
from the emperor to the dog and meant his friends to be well aware of that.
Second, Kripke adduces the example of "Santa Claus." There may be a
causal chain tracing our use of that name back to a certain historical saint,
probably a real person who lived in eastern Europe centuries ago, but no
one would say that when children use it they unwittingly refer to that saint;
clearly they refer to the fictional Christmas character. But then, how does
"Santa Claus" differ from "Jonah"? Why should we not say that there was
a real Santa Claus, but that all the mythology about him is garishly false?
annaabi.ee 
