1.Common law A common law legal system is a system of law characterized by case law which is law developed by judges through decisions of courts and similar tribunals a common law system is based on legal precedents. The roots of the common law legal systems can be traced back to the first common law system created in England during the Middle Ages. Today, most countries that once had ties to England, including the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and Hong Kong, to name a few, operate under common law. Aside from Great Britain, the majority of the countries in Europe operate under a version of civil law modeled after the Roman legal system created centuries ago In a common law system, the law is created by precedents set after judges decide actual cases.
ü Cultural diversity Television Without Frontiers Directives Fostering European film/audio production to ensure a minimum market access of 51 % of diffusion time Quota requirement in terms of independent production: 10 % of broadcasting time or programming budget Freedom of communication Respect of european laws Respect of human dignity Protection of minors Independent administrative authorities Guarantee national broadcasting freedom Enforce the law over services which fall under national jurisdiction Schedule programs appropriately (ie not containing violence, sex, rassisme during day) Examples: CSA (France), ITC (UK), TVWF (Luxemburg) The Medya TV Case § Med TV is an International Kurdish satellite TV which license was revoked (1999) in UK because of violent demonstration after the arrest of Ocalan (Kurdish militar leader, head of an terrorist organization PKK)
product will start to decrease as the newly added variable input is being added to an already increasingly scares input. This can be explained by citing an example, if we add more workers to a job, such as assembling a car. At some point, adding more workers would cause problems, as they would be getting in each other's way, or workers wold often find themselves waiting for access to specific part or tool required for the job. This proposition is called a law because it is standardized and applicable on all the production processes. Any manufacturing and production company can use this proposition (or Law) to their betterment. Is Tony right in his analysis of the situation? Explain. According to my point of view, Tony's decision of increasing the price a good decision as Pizza is a product that represents a small portion of an individual's income so an increase or decrease
Public International Law is a system of law, different from domestic law. Why is this system unique? Usually law regulates relations between people, people and the state etc, PIL regulates relations between states. Thats why PIL is important for international relation students. PIL influences the life of everybody, it doesn't regulate people directly but indirectly (through the decisions of the states), because it's everywhere. It's like air. E.g. when you want to send a letter to Brazil, you put a stamp from your own country and send it from your post office and the letter gets delivered
Tallinna tehnikaülikool, Tartu kolledž Maastikudisani õppetool FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED Referaat Tartu 2012 Elulugu Frederick Law Olmsted sündis 26. aprillil 1822 ning suri 28. augustil 1903. Ta oli Ameerika kirjanik, ühiskonna kriitik ning administraator ja maastiku kujundaja. Rahvas peab teda Ameerika maastikuarhitektuuri isaks, kuigi paljud teadlased on andnud selle tiitli Andrew Jackson Downing’le. Olmsted oli kuulus linna parkide kujundaja, projekteerides koos oma vanem partneri Calvert Vauxi’ga nii Central pargi, Prospect pargi New Yorgi linnas. (Viide 1. http://www.saylor
Crime and the Law Task 1. Underline the most suitable word or phrase. a) Sally didn't realise that she had broken/countered/denied the law. b) The police have banned/cancelled/refused parking in this street. c) I must remember to get a/an agreement/licence/permission for my television. d) The president admitted that there had been a breakdown of law and crime/government/order. e) Jim's parents wouldn't agree/allow/let him go to the demonstration. f) Jake was arrested because he had entered the country falsely/illegally/wrongly. g) Talking to other students is against the law/orders/rules of the examination. h) The two men were arrested before they could commit/make/perform any more crimes. i) I had to take the company to court/justice/law to get the money they owed me. j) Smoking is compulsory/prohibited/refused near the petrol tanks
dependent on an option that is other than his clench hands. He goes to each battle wearing a tuxedo. What's more, when he's inside the ring, he does what radical guardians tell their youngsters when confronting a battle. He utilizes his mouth. So before the clench hands begin flying, he lets out the one cry that procures him his living. It's a cry that he can do like nobody else -- by not just by goodness of his brilliant lungs and throat, however by law. What's more, it goes: "We should Get Ready to Ruuummmmmmbbbbllllle!" With those five words, Buffer and his sibling have built up a domain that is made millions. Discount permitting incomes have earned about $150 million throughout the most recent three years. For a short declaring commitment that takes somewhere in the range of 10 to 15 minutes, Michael Buffer makes in the scope of $15,000 to $30,000. The cash originates from significantly more places than boxing
Zack and Jack do not deserve to be in prison - helps us to see the frustration. MISE en scene- position of the shots, framing, lighting, set design and sound helps us elaborate the feeling and composition of the scene. It combines the elements of mood, setting, character personality and reinforces this through image and sound. At the begging the music gives a special nuance to a certain mood and reminds us of lead characters and their activities in the morning. Down by the law is a intriguing paradox of clear picture and gritty sets. It is a poetical film, without any clear message, rather a story of personalities in a vague familiar Louisiana. At the end of a film the crossroads is a certainly a deep image that will give a time to think what will does it mean? Jean Renoir film '' La REgle du Jeu'' is a black and white drama/comedy film. It is a combination and continuity of space and light, soft and dark lights. Jean Renoir make's a strong accent on actors work
Psychological deterioration Michael Walzer (2007) stated that politicians sometimes have to (be able to) make decisions for which they will feel guilty of causing moral wrongdoing. That is part of their responsibility. Afterwards, the politician should not be unpunished either, but needs to pay a fine or undergo a punishment, one that he himself chooses. Political leaders have to, when necessary, be clever enough to know when they have to break the law. Because they believe in that law, they should also feel guilty for breaking it. This vision is based on the consequentialist reasoning that the honouring of individual rights in such emergency situations are subjected to the saving of people's lives. In case of serious threat where the fundamental values of a society are at stake and slavery or mass murder threaten it, all means are morally justified to save society of this. He does however not consider the effects it has on the government staff who are put
Sissejuhatus Common law' mõistet võib kasutada erinevates tähendustes. Selle lai tähendus hõlmab kõigigis Anglo Ameerika maades eksisteerivat õigusnormide, tavade, juriidiliste protseduuride ja pretsedentide kogumit.1 Kitsamas môttes aga kujutab common law endast üldise ôiguse ja ôiglase ôiguse normide kogumit, mis on loodud kohtute ôigusmôistmise käigus ja nende poolt rakendatavat tavaôigust. Common law kujunemine algas sellest, et avalikku vôimu omavad inimesed lahendasid ôigusemôistmise teel juriidilis probleeme. Seejuures muutus juba kord tehtud kohtulahend common law osaks ning oli siduv uute analoogsete probleemide lahendamisel (pretsedent). 2 Common law kui pretsedendile rajaneva õigussüsteemi kujunemise traditsiooniliseks algoritmiks on kohtuotsustele antud siduv jõud ning kohtute sõltumatus muude võimalike õiguse allikate suhtes
Aspects of Reception of Law Juriidiliste muutuste aluseks on olnud enamikel aegadel laenamine ja üle võtmine. See võib toimuda süsteemi siseselt ehk analoogia põhjal, kuid võib tulla ka teisest süsteemist. Laenamine on küll lihtne, kuid selle teoreetilise külje üles ehitamine on küllatki keeruline. Laenamine toimub erinevalt- võetakse üle üksik norm või terve süsteem. Kindlasti tuleb mõelda selle üle mis on retseptsioon tähtis ja miks selle kohandamine on vajalik. Mõlemad on lihtsad küsimused
Thus, mercy killing is very humane and reasonable thing to do and does not deserve punishment. The negative aspect of euthanasia is that it is still a form of killing. One should not be in judge over others life, even when it is for a good cause. The fact that euthanasia could be misused is not less important. In conclusion, although mercy killing is a form of taking someone’s life, it should not be punishable when it is for greater good. Is the purpose of law to protect property? Dispute over the purpose of law has been actual for a long time. There are many interpretations of the meaning and purpose of law. Is the purpose of law to protect property? Every property owner is interested in protecting and maintaining their possessions. Law is very important for achieving that. When the law would not protect the proprietors, then the consequences would be unpredictable. Thus, at least one of the purposes of law is to protect property and its owner.
TALLINN UNIVERSITY The Law School Law The European Union Law The EU institutions Lecturer: Matti Kauppi Student: Viktoria Gratšjova Tallinn, 2014 The institutions of the European Union form a complex and unique polity and, in determining whether or not this structure and the law making powers granted to each respective institution are inherently undemocratic, it is vital to define what is meant by the term ‘democratic’. In his Gettysburg address Abraham Lincoln referred to a government which was ‘of the people, by the people, for the people’and it is by this criterion that democracy is often judged. These principles are reflected in having equal access to power and in being equal before the law. It
The authors of the study explained the statistics by popularity, big size and powerfulness of the named breeds and their ability to do a lot of damage. Besides, about the pit bull attacks the absence of warning from a dog played a significant role, because due to the custom of docking (cutting short) pit bulls’ tails warning signals could not be easily recognized. The NGOs concerned publicized the study and then, with the help of supporters, by the way of legislative initiative proposed a law draft prohibiting breeding, sale and import of pit bulls, Rottweilers, and close mixes of both. The parliament of Member State A ordered an additional scientific study, which largely confirmed the statistics. It also noticed, “Children are normally at greatest risk from dog bite because they play with dogs more often, have less experience in reading dog behavior, are more likely to engage in activity that alarms or stimulates a dog, and are less able to defend themselves when a
1. Rahvusvahelise õiguse mõiste ja olemus „Rahvusvaheline õigus (International law; Völkerrecht) on õigusnormide, üldtunnustatud õiguspõhimõtete ja tavade süsteem, mis reguleerib suveräänsete riikide ja teiste rahvusvahelise õiguse subjektide omavahelisi suhteid.“ (Rahvusvaheline õigus, 2010) 1.1. Universaalne ja regionaalne rahvusvaheline õigus Rahvusvahelisest õigusest tuleneva õigussüsteemi jaotumisest võib eristada universaalset ehk üldist ja regionaalset ehk partikulaarset rahvusvahelist õigust. Regionaalne rahvusvaheline õigus kehtib kindlate riikide poolt aktsepteerituna nende omavahelistes suhetes. Universaalne rahvusvaheline õigus on üldiselt vastuvõetavaks tunnistatud ning kehtiv üle maailma. 1.2. Riigisisene õigus ja rahvusvaheline õigus Kui riigisisene õigus keskendub üksikisikutele ja valitsusasutustele, siis rahvusvahelise õiguse eesmärgiks on ekvivalentsete ja suveräänsete riikide omavahelisi suhteid reguleerida. Rahvus...
5. From the masses of carbon dioxide mCO2 and air mair, calculate the relative density (D) and the molar mass (M) of carbon dioxide. mga s D= mair 0,56248 g D= =1,398 0,40248 g M ga s D= M g as =M air × D M air g g M CO =29,0 ×1,4=40,6 2 mol mol III Molar mass of carbon dioxide using the ideal gas law equation 6. Calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide M(CO2) using the ideal gas law. m R × T ×m P× V = × R ×T M = M P× V 3 Pa× m 8,14 ×293,5 k × 0,56 g mol × K g M CO = -3 3 =4 1,41 2 103550 Pa× 0,312 ×10 m mol IV Error calculation 7
üldosa. · TsÜS on üldosaks VÕS-le, AÕS-le, PKS-le ja PärS-le · TsÜS on ka üldosaks eraõiguse eriosa seadustele (nt ÄS, TLS, MTÜS, SAS jne) Objektiivses tähenduses tsiviilõigus on normid ja tavad, mis reguleerivad isikutevahelisi varalisi ja mittevaralisi suhteid. Õigus subjektiivses tähenduses- objektiivsest õigusest tulenev üksikisiku nõue teise eraisiku või riigi suhtes 1. Common Law süsteem Kohtulahenditel baseeruv õigussüsteem - Ei erista avalikku- ja eraõigust sh puudub tsiviilõigus kui õigusharu, kuigi teoorias ja nt kohtuotsustes mõistet kasutatakse - Puudub väga selge õigussüsteemi struktuur 2. Nordic Law süsteem Kirjutatud õigusel baseeruv õigussüsteem - Rohkem struktureeritud kui Common Law õigussüsteem, otseselt siiski puudub "tsiviilõoiguse" mõiste 3. Civil Law süsteem Kirjutatud õigusel baseeruv õigussüsteem
Explaining AWOL absence without a leave Legal English can be divided into 3 levels. We learn the first one, which is needed for the other two! You have to know the vocabulary etc. Second level has to do with legal contracts... The third level both 1 and 2 and explaining... We learn the vocabulary + explaining. Process of law-making draft law/bill (seaduseelnõu) is developed draft is sent to the parliament readings(amendments made to the law (seadusemuudatused)pass/ adopt the lawpass on to the presidentproclame (väljakuulutama) or veto or sent to supreme court (riigikohus) (may declare it un-constitutional)it has to be published in the state gazette (riigiteataja) Vald rural municipality Kihelkond - parish Come/enter into force - jõustuma Legislative bodys seadusandlikud organid Curia.europa.eu Eur-lex.europa.eu c-200/02 Zhu Chen
Õigus ja ühiskond Õiguse funktsioon = Õigus on sotsiaalne kord, mis reguleerib inimestevahelisi suhteid, tava ja moraal Õiguse tunnused: Õigus on - käitumisreeglite kogum, riigi poolt kehtestatud või sanktsioneeritud normide kogum, üldkohustuslike normide kogum, õiguses väljendub riigi tahe, täitmist tagatakse riigi sunniga ja peab vastama ühiskonna õiglustundele. Õiguse areng: ius non scriptum = unwritten law; ius scriptum = written law Õiguse idee: õiglus, õiguslik garanteeritus, eesmärgipärasus Õigusperekonnad: *Mandri-Euroopa, *Anglo-Ameerika, *islami, hinduistlik, judaistlik, *Kaug- Ida, Aafrika, *sotsialistlik Õiguse valdkonnad: avalik õigus, eraõigus Avalik õigus Eraõigus rahvusvaheline õigus tsiviilõigus riigi- ja konstitutsiooniõigus võlaõigus haldusõigus asjaõigus
TOPICS For the PRELIM Year 1 Put down 10-12 relevant terms and retell about: 1. Prescriptive and descriptive law Prescriptive law – prescribe how people ought to behave Descriptive law – describes the way people or natural phenomena behave Break the law – do something illegal Penalty – punishment Government – system by which a state or community is controlled Law – the system of rules System of courts – all judicial institutions Enforce – to make people obey the law Authority – a group of people with official responsibility for a particular area of activity /the moral or legal right or ability to control Prescribe – to tell someone what they must have or do, or to make a rule of something Impose The word law can have several meanings, it can be divided into prescriptive and descriptive law. Descriptive law – describes the way people or natural phenomena behave, e. g. law of gravity Prescriptive law – prescribe how people ought to behave e.g
The party has a mass membership of over 1.5 million and nearly 60,000 regional, local and primary branches (Reuter 2010: 295). In this light, as there is considerable reason to believe that Russia's political system is moving towards a, what is called "dominant party system", in this paper, I will examine the main strategies, by witch United Russia has gained and perpetuated its dominance. After looking at the main features of a dominant party, I will focus on the reforms in Russia's electoral law, which supported the nascence of a dominant party. In the second part of the work, I will concentrate on the political strategies, which have helped the party to maintain its hold on power. Defining the dominant party The concept of dominant-party system, or one-party dominant system, refers to "a category of parties/political organizations that have successively won election victories and whose future
advokaatide juhedaja - instructing solicitors for prosecution and defence alaealiste kohus - Juvenile court armuandmine - Mercy edasikaebamine - Appeal haldusõigus - Administrative law/ public law juriidilisele kaitsele - Judicial protection kaitse - Defence kaitsja - Councel for the defence kannatav pool - Injured party karistama - Punish karistust andma/täide viima - Meting out punishment karm karistus a harsh sentence kautsjon - Bail kirjalik laim - Libel kirjutatud seadus/parlamendi aktidel põhinev seadus - Statute law/statutory law kohtu asja võitma win a case kohtuametnik - Court officer kohtuistung - Trila kohtulikule arutamisele minema go on treial kohtunik - Judge
descriptive law (kirjeldav õigus) - laws which simply describe how people or even natural phenomenas usually behave nation (riik) - country with its own goverment citizen (kodanik) - person native of a country; realationship between country and a person stranger (välismaalne) - person who is unfamiliar, from another country penalty (karistus) - punishment fixed by law, as for a crime or from any soical groups goverment (valitsus) - organization which controlls a stre or community System of Courts (kohtusüsteem) - organization applying law in the name of states to commit a crime (kuritegu läbi viima) - breaking a law, usually given out by the goverment fine (trahv) - certain sum of money person pays for breaking a law corruption (korruptsioon) - dishonest or unethincal conduct by a person entrusted with a position of authority
5. Ilus, E. Rooma eraõiguse alused. Toim. H. Pisuke. Tln. 2000, lk 27-53. 6. Kohtud Eestis: minevikus ja tänapäeval. Koost. H. Schneider. Trt 1994, lk 7-46. 7. Luts, M. Kodifikatsioon ja õigusreform. Eesti kriminaalõiguse arenguteedest. Tartu, 1997. 8. Narits, R. Õiguse entsüklopeedia. Tln. 2004, lk 49-80. 1 9. Zweigert, K., Kötz, H. An introduction to Comparative Law. Oxford 1998, pp 2-62; 63-179. (ALLIKAS TEADUSKONNA TEABEKESKUSES) 10. . Moa 1981. 11. , . . 1988. II SEMINAR 22. märts 2014 kl 8.30-10.00 1. Inglise õiguse ajalooline kujunemine. 2. Inglise õiguse allikad. 3. Seadusandlik protsess Suurbritannias. 4. Inglise õiguse struktuur ja selle kujunemine. 5. USA õiguse struktuur ja allikad. 6. USA ,,ühtse õiguse" printsiibi tähendus. 7
Family relations · Father: a male parent · Mother: a female parent · Dad (informal): one's father · Mum, mummy, mom (informal): one's mother · Parent: father or mother · Child (Plural Children): a son or daughter of any age · Son: a male child · Daughter: a female child · Brother: a man or boy in relation to other children of his parents · Sister: a woman or girl in relation to other children of her parents · Grandfather (Informal grandpa): the father of one's father or mother · Paternal grandfather: the father of one's father · Maternal grandfather: the father of one's mother · Grandmother (Informal grandma): the mother of one's father or mother · Paternal grandmother: the mother of one's father · Maternal grandmother: the mother of one's mother · Grandson: a boy child of one's son or daughter · Granddaughter: a girl child of one's son or daughter · Uncle: the ...
RELATIVES Your mother's husband father Your grandmother's daughter mother, aunt Your mother's son brother Your father's daughter sister, me Your mother's male child brother Your mother's female child sister, me Your mother's mother grandmother Your father's father grandfather Your grandmother's daughter's son brother Your grandmother's daughter's daughter sister, me Your mother's or father's brother uncle Your mother's or father's sister aunt A child of your aunt or uncle cousin A son of your brother of sister nephew A daughter of your brother of sister niece Your husband's or wife's father father-in-law Your husband's of wife's mother mother-in-law Your sister's husband brother-in-law Your brother's wife sister-in-law Your mother's son's wife sister-in-law Your mother's daughter's husband brother-in-law Your grandparent's father great-grandfather (vaarisa) Your grandparent's mother grea...
These are mainly income and value-added taxes . Tax revenues come from a variety of sources. Goods that are imported into Lithuania face import duties that range from 10 to 100 percent (but average 15 percent on most goods). The highest tariffs are on tobacco, automobiles, jewelry, and gasoline. The personal income tax level is 33 percent with rates of between 10 to 35 percent on supplemental income from investments or interest dividends. Labour law Essential political economic and legal reforms started after the independence of Lithuania in 1990. Since then the legal system has been reformed to meet the demands of the social and economic changes brought by the return to democracy and the free market economy system. The population of Lithuania is 3.4 million, with a labour force of 1.6 million. Unemployment has been low, but has increased to almost 10 per cent during 2009. All employees in Lithuania
on šariaadi üks osa, mis moodustabki karistusõiguse üldosa, mis sisaldab üksikuid eriosa sätteid ning rakendussätteid.4 1 H. Kivi. Islami õiguse mõjust tänases maailmas. Magistritöö. Juhendaja: dr iur Silvia Kaugia. Tartu: Tartu Ülikooli Õigusteaduskond, 2015, lk 4. 2 A. Schimmel. Islam. Tallinn: Avita 2003, lk 62-63. 3 R. David, J.E.C Brierley. Major Legal Systems in the World. London 1985, lk 455 – 483. 4 C. Schirrmacher. Basic features of Islamic criminal law. Arvutivõrgus: https://www.islaminstitut.de/en/Viewarticle.89+M5606a3c7214.0.html (16.04.2019). 4 Šariaadi kohaselt on seaduse rikkumise eest karistuseks kehtestatud väga karmid sanktsioonid. Paljud karistused on kontekstivälised, vähesel määral kohaldatud või nende määramiseks on vaja rikkumise kindlakstegemisel tõendeid, mida on väga keeruline ja isegi võimatu hankida.5
devices than in studying. · Sundial · Educated at The King's School, Grantham. · In June 1661, he was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge As a students, we know him because.. · He was the first person who invent the 3 laws of motion · Theory of gravitation · Newtonian fluid, nonNewtonian fluid · Newton's theory of color · He invented the early telescope in 1671 Newtons laws in latin Newton's First Law · An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's First Law · Newton's First Law is a reason why we have to wear seatbelt http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louviere/ Newton/carandwall.gif Newton's Second Law · Force equals mass times acceleration. F = ma Newton's Second Law · Something very massive (high mass) that's changing
The monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002. It is currently composed of 18 member states that use the euro as their legal tender. At the moment there are 28 member states in the EU. To become a member, a country must meet the Copenhagen criteria. These require a stable democracy that respects human rights and the rule of law; a functioning marketeconomy; and the acceptance of the obligations of membership, including EU law. No member state has ever left the Union. After 1952, there have been 7 enlargements: 1973, 1981, 1986, 1995, 2004 (including Estonia), 2007, 2013. Most important 5 treaties (lepingud) till today are Paris, Rome, Brussels, Maastrict and Lisbon. Leaders: President of the Commission José Manuel Barroso and President of the European Council Herman Van Rompuy. EU law The European Union is based on the rule of law. This means that every action taken by the EU
But i can not for certain say that the person reading this exists although it might seems like it to me. I think that you really can’t reject solipsism on the whole because you do know that you exists, but can you for certain say that anybody else does? It may as well be just an illusion, but you never can say for certain. That is why you can not reject it, although you may say that you don’t believe it. 3. What is Kant’s categorical imperative? It is a kind of ethic or moral law or philosophy that applies to every being. It is a motivation for an action that must be completed. For example, if i want to get a grade for this exam, it is imperative that i answer these questions. It is a certain action or inaction that must be theoretically completed in order to achieve what is necessary. The necessity for this moral law is quite simple: Immanuel Kant provided a sort of equation for the humanity, if we can
Prosecutor, judge, sworn advocate, notary NOTARY JUDGE PROSECUTOR SWORN ADVOCATE/ ATTORNEY-AT- LAW WHAT DO THEY A notary public of the A judge presides over The prosecutor has Attorney at law or DO? common law is a a courtroom, hearing three main tasks: attorney-at-law, public officer evidence, making usually abbreviated in constituted by law to decisions on motions. to investigate everyday speech to
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the British Parliament,Westminster Parliament or simply "Westminster". The British constitution has envolved over many centuries and unlike many other nations, the UK has no single constitutional documents. But Britain does, however, have certain important constitutional documents, including Magna Carta, Bill of Rights and Reform Act. It is formed partly by statue law, partly by common law and partly by conventions. Fundamental law doesn´t exist in the United Kingdom. There can be distinguish three separate organs: the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. Parliament, the law-making body, consists of three elements: the Monarchy, the House of Commons and the House of Lords. They meet together only on occasions of ceremonial significance, such as the state opening of Parliament. The Monarch's principle function is to carry out certain ceremonial duties
reegleid rikkuma break rules 3. vägivaldselt käituma (kellegi suhtes) act violently towards 4. vastuvõetava käitumise reegleid kehtestama establish acceptable rules of behaviour 5. õigusi kaitsma protect rights 6. õigusi maksma panema assert rights 7. õigusi piirama restrict rights 8. kohustusi peale panema impose duties on 9. seadust järgima obey law, observe law 10. seaduskuulekad inimesed law-abiding people 11. seadust jõustama enforce law 12. alaealised minors 13. õiguskaitseorganid law enforcement agencies 14. süütegusid uurima investigate offences 15. karistust määrama impose punishment on 16. kuritegu sooritama commit crime 17. seaduse mittetundmine ignorance of law 18
1. Can the PB&R company successfully claim any violation of the EU law related rights? Examination 1. Can we say that an animal (a dog) is a good? – Yes. According to Article 13 TFEU dogs do belong to a “goods” category so as it is described in CJEU case law that a good is a product which can be valued in money and which is capable of forming the subject of commercial transactions. Therefore PB&R company and its business is selling dogs, or shall I say goods not just on a local fields, but the movement of goods is linked to abroad EU countries by making a profit of it I shall conclude that it involves a “movement of goods within the EU Member States” (Articles 26 and 37). 2
Units 12-18 1. system of pandects pandektiline süsteem 2. general provisions üldosa 3. law of property asjaõigus 4. family law perekonnaõigus 5. law of sucession pärimisõigus 6. law of obligations võlaõigus 7. General Part of the Civil Code Act TsÜS 8. Law of Property Act AÕS 9. Family Law Act perekonnaseadus 10. Law of Succession Act PäRS 11. Law of Obligations Act VÕS 12. persons and transactions isikud ja tehingud 13. natural persons 14. legal persons 15. passive legal capacity õigusvõime 16. active legal capacity (an ability to independently asume civil rights and incur civil obligations) teovõime 17. live birth elussünd 18. bequeath property pärandama 19. mental state vaimne seisund 20. restricted active legal capacity piiratud teovõime 21. mental illness vaimehaigus 22
language, although much of his writing is also in English and in a "light" Scots dialect which is more accessible to a wider audience.Sport is an important element in Scottish culture, with the country hosting many of its own national sporting competitions, and enjoying independent representation at many international sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup, the Cricket World Cup and the Commonwealth Games (although not the Olympic Games). Law Scotland retains Scots Law, its own unique legal system, based on Roman law, which combines features of both civil law and common law. The terms of union with England specified the retention of separate systems. The barristers being called advocates, and the judges of the high court for civil cases are also the judges for the high court for criminal cases. Scots Law differs from England's common law system. National symbols The Flag of Scotland, known as the Saltire or St. Andrew's
be deprived of ilma jätma 60. a foundling leidlaps 61. unilateral ühepoolsd 62. multilateral mitmepoolsed 63. benefit toetus * U7 64. to file a petition esitama kaebust 65. act was adopted seadus oli vastu võetud 66. entered into force jõustus 67. was repealed tühistati 68. coming into effect jõustuma 69. deficiencies and gaps puudused ja lüngad 70. the elaboration of the new act uue seaduse väljatöötamine 71. the norms and terms of the former law eelmise seaduse sätted ja mõisted 72. outdated iganenud 73. regulative part reguleeriv osa 74. appointment to office ametisse määramine 75. benefits related to office ametiga seotud soodustused 76. supervision of the set of norms järelvalve seaduste üle 77. shortcoming puudus 78. settle the problem probleemi lahendama 79. provide ette nägema 80. the function of an ombudsman "õigusvahemehe" funktsioon 81. in addition lisaks 82. the institution of the..
1 Basic law, constitutional engineering · The Basic Law (= constitution) drawn up by West German politicians under Allied supervision 48-9 · Key Themes of Constitutional Engineering: Protecting the constitution Preventing abuse of human rights Ensuring stable government Effective leadership but no over-concentration of power
määra leidmiseks läbi viidud katsete põhilised tulemused ja nende põhjal tehtud olulisemad järeldused. Uurimuses osalesid vähemalt 21-aastased üliõpilased, kelle hulgast välistati isikud, kellele alkoholi tarbimine on ohtlik meditsiinilistel või psühholoogilistel põhjustel. Sobivatele osalejatele teatati, et nad võivad tarbida kuni 0.08g/210 L alkoholi ning paluti 1 J. R. Evans et al. Intoxicated Witnesses and Suspects: Procedures and Prevalence According to Law Enforcement. - Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2009, vol 15, No 3, p 194 2 N. S. Compo et al. Intoxicated Eyewitnesses: Better than Their Reputation? - Law and Human Behavior, 2011, issue 2 3 hoiduda alkoholi tarbimisest 24 tundi enne osalemist. Kõik osalejad (joobes, platseebo ja kained) vaatasid pealt lavastatud vargust, kuulsid varguse kohta valeinformatsiooni ning võtsid osa uurimisküsitlusest. Alkoholi mõju mälule
them. Although few slight slaps for punishment are enough parents still beat them hard. Parents should be the ones who protect children not the ones who children have to be afraid of. In addition some parents equate smacking with discipline although these two are not the same. Teaching is discipline, smacking is punishment. Parents who don't smack their children still discipline them. They are just using ways that don't involve pain. Moreover the law is against all kinds of physical punishments. Some parents still keep beating their children. They think that it's their own business how they raise their kids but law is for everybody. It is their own business as long as they comply with the law. In conclusion I would like to say that parents should be the ones who protect and love their children and if they don't their parental rights should be taken away. Children have right to
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is the 67 th United States Secretary of State, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama. She was a United States Senator of New York from 2001 to 2009. In the 2008 election, Clinton was leading candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination. A native of Illinois, Hillary Rodham attracted national attention in 1969 for her remarks as the first student commencement speaker at Wellesley College. She embarked on a career in law after graduating from Yale Law School in 1973. Following a stint as a Congressional legal counsel, she moved to Arkansas in 1974 and married Bill Clinton in 1975. Rodham cofounded the Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families in 1977, and became the first female chair of the Legal Services in 1978. Named the first female partner at Rose Law Firm in 1979, she was twice listed as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America. First Lady of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and
Essential Vocabulary - I The role of law in society 1. juriidilised kohustused – legal obligations 2. kannatanud pool, kahjukannataja – injured party 3. vaidlusi lahendama (kohtus) – to settle a dispute in a court of law 4. riskeerima tehingute tegemisega – to risk making transactions 5. õigusnõustamist otsima – to seek legal advice 6. tagama, et leping kehtiks – to ensure that the contract would be valid 7. õiguslikke vahendeid kasutama – to use legal means 8. harjuma õiguslikke vahendeid kasutama – to get accustomed to using legal means 9. omama teadmisi millestki – to have knowledge of smth 10. ette kirjutama, ettekirjutus, ettekirjutav – to prescribe,
igakülgne ja süsteemne uurimine selle kriitilise interpretatsiooni ja esitatud seisukohtade argumentatsiooni abil · Enesekriitika, argumentatsioon, kriitika, julgus, enesekindlus · Edukalt elamisek: teadmised, tahtmine, julgus · Instutio õigustekstide lugemine · Instructio õigustekstide asjakohaste kommentaride kuulamine · Oluline õigustekst on seadus · Mandri-Euroopalik õiguskultuur, Common law: · common law case law, maailma õigusruum, selle tekkimine on peamiselt seotud Inglismaaga, pretsedendiõigus, tänapäeval levinud üle maakera, Angloameerikaõiguskultuut, Londoni kohtute poolt loodud õigus, üldine õigus · Ius non scriptum kirjutamata õigus · Lisaks kohtutele tekkisisd kantslerid Islamin õigus: · Teoloogia, mida uskuda ja püha seadus sätestab, mis on õige · Neli allikat: koraan, sunna, idzma ja nende põhjal tehtud loogilised järeldused
Investor's Handbook A Legal Guide to Business in Georgia · Start Up · Privatization · Labor Legislation February 2011 1st Edition 1 CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK 1 This brochure is a publication by the Georgian National Investment Agency (GNIA) and was prepared by Georgian law firm Mgaloblishvili, Kipiani, Dzidziguri (MKD). The Brochure is intended to be a general guidance on start up, privatization and labor relations. It is thus not expected to be a substitute for detailed research or exercise of professional judgment on above mentioned topics. Companies and individuals operating in Georgia or planning to operate, are strongly advised to obtain current and detailed information from experienced professionals. None
asp#ess78-83 Wordlist of Margaret Thatcher Project Conviction (n) - a fixed or strong belief; viewpoint Apprise (v) inform Decriminalise (v) allow, permit, legalise Abolish (v) - to destroy completely; cancel; lose Snatcher (n) a person who steals or grasps something suddenly Scathing (adj.) - harmful or painful; injurious; critical Steadfast (adj.) firmly loyal; steady Crisis-prone (adj.) affected by dangerous situation Enact (v) to establish by law Treble (v) - to make or become three times as much or as many Wordlist of Margaret Thatcher Project Wordlist of Margaret Thatcher Project Conviction (n) - a fixed or strong belief; Conviction (n) - a fixed or strong belief; viewpoint viewpoint Apprise (v) inform Apprise (v) inform Decriminalise (v) allow, permit, legalise Decriminalise (v) allow, permit, legalise
Social Problems Crime In the sociological field, crime is the breach of a rule or law for which some governing authority or force may ultimately prescribe a punishment. The word crime originates from the Latin crimen. When society deems informal relationships and sanctions insufficient to create and maintain a desired social order, there may result more formalized systems of social control imposed by a government, or more broadly, by a State. With the institutional and legal machinery at their disposal, agents of the State
They inform the MPs how to vote. There is a tradition that if the government loses a vote in a in Parliament on a big matter they must resign so for the voting day all the MPs have to vote even if they hadn't been there for the debates. The Whips have a great amount advantages since they are act as intemediaries between the FB-s and the BB-s and so they can have an effect on which BB-s get promoted. Sometimes there are free-votes where every MP votes according to his beliefs. Bill Law Before a bill becomes a law it will go through many stages in the Parliament. First reading formal announcement without any debate. 2nd reading The house debates about it on general principles and takes a vote. Committee stage A committee of MPs examines the details and votes on changes to parts of it. Report stage The House consideres the changes. 3rd reading The amended bill is debated as a whole. After that the bill is sent to the House
the principles of non-discrimination, market access and concept of comparative federalism. States retain power to regulate as long as national regulation does not interfere with `federal` law. 5 Free trade E Common foreign and security policies first appear at the stage of integration called ... 6 Free Trade Area F Emerges due to decentralized approach to integration, when different national systems struggle to produce the best set
The bad habits of men are byproducts of ingaging in a civil society. All men are equal Sovereign Hobbes: can not be overthrown and can do whatever the fuck it wants. The best one is monarch. Locke: can be overthrown, if fails to do the job. Criticises monarch for haveing hereditary power. Prefers election for a term. Democracy? Rousseau: aristocracy, if not hereditary. (monarchy represents particular will) Authority in the social contract Hobbes: the sovereign Locke: The law over the sovereign Rousseau: The general will over the Law and over the sovereign Human life Hobbes: sovereign can take life Locke: life can only be taken to prevent from being killed and after that who takes the life is subjected to the judge. property Hobbes: A person may protect his property by law but not if the soveregin demands it Locke: Sovereign has to protect property; you make property by adding labour; you can accumulate as much of it as possible
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