Võttis jungana 1803–06 osa Adam Johann von Krusensterni juhitud ümbermaailmareisist. Juhtis ise kaht ümbermaailmareisi: 1815–18 prikil Rjurik uurimaks Loodeväila (purjetati ümber Hoorni neeme). ja 1823–26 fregatil Predprijatije. Avastas mõlemal reisil saari: esimesel Tuamotu ja Marshalli saarestikus, teisel Tuamotu ja Samoa saarestikus; teise reisiga pandi alus Vaikse ookeani okeanograafilisele uurimisele (Britannica.com: “Otto von Kotzebue | Russian explorer” 03.04.2016). Mõlemad Kotzebue juhitud ümbermaailmareisid tegi laevaarstina kaasa Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz, esimeses reisis osales ka kirjanik Adelbert von Chamisso, teises Emil Lenz. Ka mitmed uurimisinstrumendid ekspeditsiooni tarbeks töötati välja Tartu ülikoolis. Ekspeditsiooni ajal avastati ligi 400 väikest saart (peamiselt Okeaanias), tehti geograafilisi, okeanograafilisi, meteoroloogilisi, zooloogilisi ja etnograafilisi vaatlusi
Denmark. Only in1629 the whole mainland Estonia became subject to Sweden. Under Swedish rule the University of Tartu was founded in 1632 and also the oldest school working on the same premises was founded in Tallinn (GAG).After the Northern War (1700-1721) Estonia became a province of Russia. During that period the gentry of Baltic-German origin prevailed in Estonia. They kept estates in Estonia until 1919. Under Russian rule the Palace of Kadriorg was built and the park was laid out. The National Awakening in the middle of the 19th century brought rapid advances in the Estonian education system, general living conditions and culture. The national epic "Kalevipoeg" was published, theatre and music societies appeared and the 1st Song Festival was held in Tartu in 1869. Since then the Song Festivals have become a national tradition, being held every 4-5 years. This all lead to Estonia's independence
The Fall of the Empire The fall of the British Empire was caused by World War II for two reasons. Firstly, many nations felt that their sacrifice should be rewarded with independence, for example India. Also, the losses to the Japanese destroyed the myth of the European omnipotence. Secondly, heavily in debt to the United States, the United Kingdom was financially exhausted. This left it almost impossible to defend its wider colonies by force. So the vast markets were opened to American companies and to weaken the UK in general. No empire has been larger or more diverse than the British Empire. At its apogee in the 1930s, 42 million Britons governed 500 million foreign subjects. Britannia ruled the waves, and a quarter of the earth's surface was coloured red on the map. Where Britain's writ did not run directly, its influence, sustained by matchless industrial and commercial sinews, was often paramoun...
Tallinn. 2. Kadriorg Palace - Kadriorg Art Museum A trip to Tallinn isn't a trip to Tallinn without a visit to this magnificent northern baroque palace, built by Peter the Great for his wife, Catherine I, in 1718. The grandiose palace with its surrounding manicured gardens is home to the foreign art collection of the Art Museum of Estonia. The Kadriorg Art Museum displays hundreds of 16th- to 20th-century paintings by Western and Russian artists, as well as prints, sculptures and other works. 3. Estonian Open Air Museum This museum lets you travel back in time to the rural Estonia of old. The vast, forested park is filled with thatched, 18-20th- century farm buildings, windmills, a wooden chapel and a village school, with staff demonstrating how people lived and worked in times past. 4.Oleviste Church (St. Olav's Church) and Tower 124-metre steeple still dwarfs most of Tallinn's buildings and remains
, . , , -- . XVIII , . , . . . , , . , , , . , . 1 , 70- , . 12 . . In Russia, in the 1780s, Ivan Kulibin developed a human-pedalled, three-wheeled carriage with modern features such as a flywheel, brake, gear box, and bearings; however, it was not developed further Ivan Petrovich Kulibin (April 21, 1735 - August 11, 1818) was a Russian mechanic and inventor. He was born in Nizhny Novgorod in the family of a trader. From childhood, Kulibin displayed an interest in constructing mechanical tools. Soon, clock mechanisms became a special interest of his. During 1764-1767 he built an egg-shaped clock, containing a complex automatic mechanism. In 1769 Kulibin gifted this clock to Catherine II, who assigned Kulibin to be in charge of the mechanical workshop in the Academy of Sciences of Saint Petersburg.
The white stripe at the bottom symbolizes hope in the future. The president is the most powerful official in Estonia’s government. The country’s parliament elects the president to a five-year term. The parliament has 101 members, who are elected by the people. The prime minister is recommended by the president and he heads the operations of the government. Modern industrial development, which began in the second half of the 19 th century was oriented toward the Russian market. Large textile mills were set up in Narva and electric motor production plants and shipyard in Tallinn. Today Narva provides most of Estonian’s electricity. Developments in the Estonian agriculture have been influenced by the changes in the economical environment. Estonian agriculture must also find place in the European economy. The national conditions are best suited breeding daily cattle. At the moment the Estonian farmers predominantly export daily products and timber
JOOGIKAART Kange alkohol Viin/Vodka/ Russian Standard Imperia 4cl 7 Viru Valge 4 cl 2.50 Smirnoff red 4 cl 3.50 Smirnoff black 4cl 3.50 Nemiroff Premium 4 cl 3.70 Viskid/Whisky/ Johnnie Walker Black Lable 4 cl 4.50 Jameson 4 cl 3.50 Jack Daniel`s Tennessee 4 cl 4.00 The Famous Grouse 4 cl 3.20 Bushmills Original 4 cl 3.00 Konjakid /Cognac/ Hennessy vs 4 cl 5.00 Hennessy vsop 4 cl 7.50 Hennessy xo 4 cl 16.00 Martell VSOP 4 cl 5.50 Martell XO 4 cl 13 Rumm /Rum/ Angostura Premium White Rum 50cl 3.20 Captain Morgan black label 4 cl 3.40 Captain Morgan spiced 4 cl 3.40 Pampero white rum 4 c...
16. Britain in WW I Causes of WWI: Mutual defence alliances (if one country was attacked then allies would rush to help and it snowballed into a war between many countries) o The alliances at the time were: o Russia and Serbia o Germany and Austria-Hungary o France and Russia o Britain and France and Belgium o Japan and Britain Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia got involved to defend Serbia. Germany seeing Russia mobilizing, declared war on Russia. France was then drawn in against Germany and Austria- Hungary. Germany attacked France through Belgium pulling Britain into war. Then Japan entered the war. Later, Italy and the United States would enter on the side of the allies. Imperialism: empires got bigger and with that the competition between the empires grew. Everyone wanted more ar...
13. Maiasmokk-vanim kohvik, pikk tn 16. The Maiasmokk cafe offers a wide variety of bakery products made at the cafe as well as handmade exclusive chocolate candies and marzipan figurines. The rooms of the cafe also house Kalev marzipan museum, where visitors can become acquainted with the history of marzipan and observe the work of marzipan master. Visitors can also purchase chocolate sweets and marzipan figurines from there. 14. Russian embassy jugend, pink building on Vene street. Hoonetekompleksis Pikk tänav 19/21/23/25, asub alates 1991. aastast Venemaa Föderatsiooni saatkond Eestis.
kogude Liidu õigusjärglaseks, ei tunnistata Balti küsimuses nende vahel seost. Demokraadid arvavad, et ajaloolise ülekohtu on korvanud see, et baltlased vaba- nesid 1991. aastal eeltingimusteta. TÄNUAVALDUS Artikkel on kirjutatud sihtasutuse Eesti Teadusfond (grant nr 6896) toel. 153 THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION AS PRESENTED IN RECENT RUSSIAN MEMOIR LITERATURE Toomas KARJAHÄRM The article provides reference and analysis of the representation of the collapse of the Soviet Union in the memoirs written by Russian (Soviet) state and public figures, published in Russia predominantly within the past decade. The authors discussed include President of the Soviet Union and Secretary General of the CPSU Mikhail Gorbachev, his closest aides Anatoli Chernyayev and Andrei
"float" above the previous. Black Jack Artillery punch · 6 cl cognac · 1 l bourbon · 1,5 cl Kirsch · 1 l red wine · 4,5 cl black coffee, cold · 1/2 l dark rum · 1/4 l apricot brandy · 1/4 l gin Black Russian · 1 l black tea, strong · 4 cl russian vodka · 1/2 l orange juice · 4 cl Kahlua · 12,5 cl lemon juice Anecdote : For a Black Cloud, substitute Kahlua with · 12,5 cl lime juice Tia Maria. · 1/4 cup powdered sugar
Estonian cuisine The traditional cuisine of Estonia has substantially been based on meat and potatoes, and on fish in coastal and lakeside areas, but is influenced by many other cuisines by now. In the present day it includes a variety of international foods and dishes, with a number of contributions from the traditions of nearby countries. German, Scandinavian, Russian and other influences have played their part. The most typical foods in Estonia have been rye bread, pork, potatoes and dairy products. Estonian eating habits have historically been closely linked to the seasons. In terms of staples, Estonia belongs firmly to the beer, vodka, rye bread and pork "belt" of Europe. The Cold Table Flounder The first course in traditional Estonian cuisine is based on cold dishes - a selection of meats
10.Sports The first Estonian mentioned in the Guinness Book of Records was a sportsman. In the Olympic Games of 1912, the Finn Alfred Asikainen and the Estonian Martin Klein wrestled for a record 11 hours and 40 minutes. Klein won and 'Russia' was given as his country of residence. Many Estonian sports heroes have been immortalised in art. For example Amandus Adamson's bronze sculpture of Georg Lurich. Before independence, Estonians were the best in the whole Russian empire in athletics (16 records out of 29), wrestling and weightlifting. Estonian sport was therefore born before the independent state. Several great figures of national politics, among them the first president Konstantin Päts, belonged to the sports association. It is no surprise that sportsmen have always been held in high regard in Estonia. The most popular fields of sport are light athletics such as basketball, chess, sailing and cycling. Basketball is the most popular ball game in
it was destroyed in a fire. Another fire devastated the theatre in 1902, after which it moved out from Old Town. The premises came into the possession of the Puppet Theatre in 1955. In 1991, the whole building was given to the theatre. Renovation works took place in 2001-03. 5 17 Lai Street Lai 17, so-called Menshikov House was completed about 1685 in the Dutch Baroque style. The family coat-of-arms on the pediment was added in 1817 by then owner Count Stenbock (Sweden origin Russian brigade leader and estate owner). It belonged to Prince Alexander Menshikov, the governor- general of Estonia in 1710-19. He was born in the family of a groom at the Russian Royal court, and at the age of 13 became a personal servant and later a close assistant to Czar Peter I. After Peter's death he helped the czar's widow, Catherine I, to the throne and became the actual ruler of Russia for a couple of years until he was defeated in the power struggle and banished into exile.
» - . , (.) Internet Movie Database : 1960-. « », 2007--01--25 . . . « Dreamiech.ru», , 2008-01-25 , 28 1970 - . . : . « . » . . . . . . . youtube - , : . v_s_visotsky -- «. » 1. . -- . . . 2. http://www.relga.rsu.ru/n44/vne 44.htm 3. «Alyosha Dimitrievich -- Russian Gypsy chanson performer»(.)(.) barynya.com 4. v-vysotsky.narod.ru 5. « » 28(114), 29 2005 . -- ! 6. http://smena.ru/news/2005/07/22 /5618/ 7. http://www.automania.ru/articles /autolegend/0016928/ 8. http://www.svobodanews.ru/Tra nscript/2007/09/30/200709300127 36330.html .. « » 9. [1] 10. http://www.automania.ru/articles /autolegend/0016928/ 11. http://www.mk.ru/blogs/idmk/20 05/02/04/mk-daily/47459/ 12. 13
Mother wasn't enough strong to protect herself and kids from father. Lisbeth was the one who decided to take a step towards his dad. This brought a 13-year old kid to a mental hospital. The reason why she is so different from the other people is that she is the second best hacker in the world; she has a photographical memory, and don't want to reveal herself to anyone. *Aleksnder Zalachenko Lisbeth's father, who's responsible for Salander's difficult childhood.Was raised in the Russian military. He defected to Sweden in the 1970s and acted as a source for Sweden's Secret Police. He is now in his 60s. He is still under the protection of the "Säkerhets polisen". Actually it was one organization inside "Säkerhets polisen" called the section, that dealed with Zalatchenko, and hardly anyone knew about this union. Roland Niedermann - Lisbeth's half-brother, who's existence Salander didn't know. He is really strong and has a disease that he isn't able to feel any ache.
where four large peninsulas (Juminda, Pärispea, Käsmu and Vergi) are separated from each other by four bays (Kolga, Hara, Eru and Käsmu.) Lahemaa translates roughly as "Land of Bays". 8. Kadriorg Palace Catherinethal ("Catherine's valley") is a Petrine Baroque palace of Catherine I of Russia in Tallinn, Estonia. It was built after the Great Northern War to Nicola Michetti's. Catherinethal was abandoned by Russian royalty throughout the late 18th and 19th centuries. In the 1930s Konstantin Päts, Estonia's first president, embarked on extensive and controversial restorations with the aim of transforming the park and the palace into his private domain. 5 9. Kõpu Lighthouse Kõpu Lighthouse is one of the best known symbols and tourist sights on the Estonian island of Hiiumaa. It is one of the oldest lighthouses in the world,
Lennart Meri Lennart Meri was a writer, a film director and a statesman who served as the second President of Estonia. Meri was a leader of the Estonian independence movement. His lifestory: Lennart Georg Meri was born in Tallinn, 29 March 1929, a son of the Estonian diplomat and later translator Georg Meri, and Estonian Swedish Alice-Brigitta Engmann. Because his father was a diplomat, Lennart left Estonia at an early age and studied abroad, in nine different schools and in four different languages. In addition to his native Estonian, Lennart Meri fluently spoke five other languages: Finnish, French, German, English and Russian. The family was in Tallinn when Estonia was occupied by the armed forces of the Soviet Union in June 1940 and in 1941, the Meri family was deported to Siberia. They came back to Estonia 1945. In 1953, Lennart Meri graduated cum laude fr...
Lennart Meri Lennart Meri was a writer, film director and statesman who served as the second President of Estonia. Meri was a leader of the Estonian independence movement. His lifestory: Lennart Georg Meri was born in Tallinn, 29 March 1929, a son of the Estonian diplomat and later translator Georg Meri, and Estonian Swedish Alice-Brigitta Engmann. Because his father was a diplomat, Lennart left Estonia at an early age and studied abroad, in nine different schools and in four different languages. In addition to his native Estonian, Lennart Meri fluently spoke five other languages: Finnish, French, German, English and Russian. The family was in Tallinn when Estonia was occupied by the armed forces of the Soviet Union in June 1940 and in 1941, the Meri family was deported to Siberia. They came back to Estonia 1945. In 1953, Lennart Meri graduated cum laude from t...
places, and a large number of rare animals including seals live there. Tallinnis the capital and largest city of Estonia. Tallinn is the oldest capital city in Northern Europe Tartu is the second largest city of Estonia. Tartu is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub, especially since it is home to Estonia's oldest and most renowned university . Narva is the third largest city in Estonia. It is located at theeastern extreme point of Estonia, by the Russian border, on the Narva River which drains Lake Peipus. Pärnu is a popular summer vacation resort with many hotels ,restaurants, and large beaches. Otepää is the winter capital of Estonia. Tartu is a city of good thoughts. Pärnu has been known as the Estonia's Summer Capital. 68.7% Estoniansb Ethnic groups (2011
Some of the things you will learn in THE CODEBREAKERS • How secret Japanese messages were decoded in Washington hours before Pearl Harbor. • How German codebreakers helped usher in the Russian Revolution. • How John F. Kennedy escaped capture in the Pacific because the Japanese failed to solve a simple cipher. • How codebreaking determined a presidential election, convicted an underworld syndicate head, won the battle of Midway, led to cruel Allied defeats in North Africa, and broke up a vast Nazi spy ring. • How one American became the world's most famous codebreaker, and another became the world's greatest.
Europe. In Russia it is probably the most wide spread snack.[citation needed] It is also sold as food for birds and can be used directly in cooking and salads. Sunflower oil, extracted from the seeds, is used for cooking (but is less cardiohealthy than olive oil), as a carrier oil and to produce biodiesel, for which it is less expensive than the olive product. During the 18th Century, the use of sunflower oil became very popular in Europe, particularly with members of the Russian Orthodox Church because sunflower oil was one of the few oils that was not prohibited during Lent. The cake remaining after the seeds have been processed for oil is used as a livestock feed. Some recently developed cultivars have drooping heads. These cultivars are less attractive to gardeners growing the flowers as ornamental plants, but appeal to farmers, because they reduce bird damage and losses from some plant diseases. There are also
3. Sõjatüdimus
4. Maapuudus
Veebruaruirevolutsioon 1917
1. Inim ja kodanikuõigused
2. Ajutine valitsus
3. Asutava kogu valimised
Kadetid
Nõukogud (bolsevikud, esseerid)
Oktoobrirevolutsioon
Date 23 October[1] - 8 November 1917
Final transfer of power happens on 7 November 1917, and finally declared by 2nd All-Russian Congress of
Soviets on November 8
Location Petrograd, Russia
Result Bolshevik victory
· Creation of Russian Soviet Republic
· End of Russian Provisional Government, Russian Republic anddual power
· Start of the Russian Civil War
Pasted from
typical of a child living in a town. I was born in a family of a teacher and a doctor. I was sent to a kindergarten at the age of three as both the parents were working. As all the children of Belarus I went to school at the age of six. Here I should say that it was my lucky chance to study for 11 years at the school of fine arts in the town of Molodechno . it turned out to be the best school in our town. There I got a proper training in such subjects as English, Russian and Belarusian literature and world culture. I usually did a lot of home preparation for them and I liked everything I was doing in them. I really tried hard in them. But despite my efforts I was not good at Math. School for me was not only lessons and learning I had a lot of friends there. We organized extra class activities such as parties and other social activities. I actively participated in most of them. I am sociable, so I have got a lot of friends among my schoolmates
....... 7 KOKKUVÕTE.......................................................................................................... 9 KASUTATUD KIRJANDUS........................................................................................ 9 SUMMARY WAVE ENERGY VARIATION IN THE FIELD OF STUDY Kristina Samoshenkova Long-term average power of waves per unit length of one of the modeled shoreline varies significantly along the eastern Baltic Sea region (Figure 5). Lithuania and the Russian part of the Curonian Spit has been retained by a public body wave energy flux uniformly average of 1.5-2 kW / m. The same situation is also characterized by a wave of energy flow along the Lithuanian coast. Latvian coast is the southernmost part of the average values of 1-1.5 kW / m. SISSEJUHATUS Pikaajaline lainete keskmine võimsus ühe pikkusühiku kohta modelleeritud rannajoonel varieerub olulisel määral piki Läänemere idaosa (joonis 5). Leedu ja osaliselt Venemaa
*Estonians conquered by the crusaders 1208 *Reformation 16th century establishments of new school, Estonians first book appeared in 1525 *Tartu University 1632 founded by King Gustavus II Adolphus, classical university, member of the Coimbra group *Abolition of serfdom 1816 *Song festival 1869 in Tartu, an organiser was J.V.Jannsen, 822 singers, men only *Declaration of independence 24th February 1918 *War of independence 1918-1920 during the Russian Civil War, resulted in a victory for Estonia *Deportation 1949 *Estonia becomes independent 20th August 1991 *Joining EU 1st May 2004 Language: Estonian language, belongs to the Balti-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages, closely realted to Finnish and rather remotely to Hungarian; Latin alphabet with 32 letters , 5 of which occur only in foreign words, the phenomes include 9 vowels and 18 consonants; words are borrowed from Latin, Greek, English etc
mobile phones and computers to security equipment for cars, laboratory equipment, different hoists and other equipment for different industries. The economic changes of the 1990s had an especially severe effect on the chemical industry as many of the enterprises were oriented to the Soviet military industry and their products became unnecessary after Estonia regained its independence. The principal part of it is constituted by the export of petroleum products from Russia. Other Russian goods that have been transported through Estonia are grain and fertilizers. Another important area is passenger shipping which is directly linked to tourism. The Estonian national air company Estonian Air has also proven successful as it has managed to increase both cargo volumes and the number of passengers. A large part of freight transport is still done by road. Passenger transport is organised with buses for the most part, there are
3 saksa päritolu of german descent 4 Ameerikat avastama discover America 5 ametlik keel official language 6 orjusele lõppu tegema put an end to slavery 7 oma traditsioone ja kultuuri säilitama keep your traditions and culture 8 immigrantide arv the number of immigrants 2 Complete the sentences with the names of countries, nationalities, and languages. 1 The capital of Norway is Oslo. 2 Kevin lives in Chicago. He is American. 3 Michail comes from Moscow. He speaks Russian. 4 What nationality are you? I´m Estonian. 5 The descendants of the Africans brought to America are called settlers. 6 Uwe´s grandparents live in Germany. They speak German. 7 Michael comes from Australia. He speaks Australian English. 8 Eve lives in Ireland. She speaks English and Irish. 3 Write the sentences in reported speech. 1 Martin said, "We´re going on a class trip tomorrow." Martin said they were going on a class trip the next day.
today is the 6th of November. rakvere vocational school my speciality is a cook monday tuesday wendsday thursday friday saturday sunday my birthday is on the 27th dec my address is i was born in 1996 country city town parish cummune municipal village flat avenue street road kindergarten(nursery) to decide vocational school profession education speciality construction of cars to establish restuarant to continue to mend to repair 1.In the future 2.i have to stay in my new school do practical work 3.i entered vocational school. 4.at the age of seven 5.i was born in 23.10.1984 6.during my session 7.for almost four years 8.i want to be weiter 1. i was born in 3 nev 1984 2.i went to school at the age of seven 3.i have to studie almost four years 4.in september i went to vocational school 5.im interested in cars 6.in school we do practical work too 7.in the future im going to keep the family resourant school final cer...
serious challenge of Novgorod forceful "Christianization 1360 Stone Fortress in Käkisalmi campaign" in Karelia Feudalism slowly crept in together with 1240 Ingrian chieftain Pelgusij serfdom since 14th Century alleged with Novgorod against Replacement of Karelian language Swedes with Russian 1260 Novgorod was not guaranteeing safety of German vessels on Karelian waters SWEDISH KARELIA UNTIL NÖTEBORG PEACE TREATY 1323 AFTER 1323 Swedish attempts to gain foothold Not settling with border on Karelian were frequent since Swedish realm Isthmus Karelians on Isthmus divided in two came to exist around 1000. realms and religions Attack on Aldeigju~1164
attention to detail. I am reliable and responsible having previously been entrusted with cash handling and dealing with financial transactions. I also have experience of training other members of staff. KEY SKILLS: Excellent communication and customer service skills Excellent IT skills Accurate and numerate Can work well as part of a team or own initiative Highly motivated and enthusiastic Flexible and adaptable Language skills: Estonian, English, German, Russian, Latin EMPLOYMENT HISTORY: Student Check-In Helper, Pertemps, Sep 2018 Duties: Working for Unite Students, helping to park over 600 cars over 3 days at The Filbert Village (Student Accommodation) in Leicester. DMU Replay: Launch Support, Unitemps, Oct 2017 Duties: Helping and advising DMU lecturers to use DMU Replay (new audio-video recording software Panopto) Research Partner, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Sep 2017
Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov oli Venemaa arhitekt ja kunstnik. Konstantin Melnikov sündis 3.augustil 1890.aastal Moskvas. Ta oli oma pere neljas laps. Tema ema oli Yelena Grigorievna ning isa nimi oli Stepan Illarionovich, kelle ametiks oli teetööde brigadir. Üldiselt oli Melnikovi pere vaene. Konstantin Melnikovi sõltuvust pidevalt joonistada märkas tema isa Stepan Illarionovich juba varakult ning tõi regulaarselt Konstantinile vanapaberit, millele joonistada. Kahjuks oli kogu haridus, mis vanemad said lastele lubada, vaid kahe aasta pikkune koguduse kool. Konstantin Melnikovi elumuutev päev oli seotud piima laiali vedava naisega, kes juhtus töötama ka Vladimir Chaplini pere all, kellele naine Konstantin Melnikovi jooniseid näitas. Rikas insener Vladimir Chaplin oli Melnikovi joonistustest nii vaimustatud, et palkas poisi oma firmasse ja maksis ka tema kunstiõpingute eest. Melnikov õppis M...
Lehtpuumetsad % 23% Lubatud aastane raiemaht 635 mln m³ Tegelik raiemaht 187 mln m³ Tegelik raiemaht lubatud raiemahust % 29,40% Toodang 2007.aastal saematerjal 23 mln m³ spoon 2,8 mln m³ saepuruplaat 1,5 mln m³ puitlaastplaat 5,3 mln m³ puidumass 6 mln t Toodangule kulunud puit 104 mln m³ Allikas: Federal Forestry Agency, Russian Forestry Review, 2007 5 2. Ülevaade Venemaa metsatööstusest Metsatööstuse ajalugu ulatub Nõukogude Liidu plaanimajanduse aegadesse ning seetõttu on tootlikkus olnud madal. Nõukogude Liidu lagunemise järel kannatas metsatööstus sisemise nõudluse järsu languse tõttu ning olulised investeeringud infrastruktuuri peatusid.
19th c. A time of great social reform slave trade abolished laws to regulate work primary schools 18371901 the Victorian Age Queen Victoria longest reigning monarch, 64 years her husband was Prince Albert ( died in 1861 > Victoria's long mourning ) nine children British Empire very powerful ( 1/4 of the world's territory and population Empire strongest in 1920 ( the peak ) The Crimean War Between Russia and the alliance of France, Turkey, Austria and Britain to halt Russian expansion into the Balkans Russia lost, many casualties on both sides Florence Nightingale ( Lady With the Lamp ) first woman to run a field hospital turned nursing into a true profession The Boer War 18991902 Britain fought against to republics in South Africa and made them part of the British Empire The potato famine in Ireland 18451850 great disaster 1mln died, 1mln emigrated Charles Dickens (18121870) famous novelist 'Oliwer Twist' and 'The Pickwick Papers' The 20th c.
madalad klaasid. Kutsutakse ka ,,lowball ghlass" (vastandina highball glass`ile) või ka rocks glass (jääklaas), kuna sellest juuakse ka jääga joodavaid alkohoolseid jooke. Klaas mahutab tavaliselt 150 - 300 ml ning kasutatakse nn ,,lühikeste" segujookide (alkoholialuseline short drink seigituna või lihtsalt lisatuna jääga täidetud klaasi) ning jääga puhtalt joodavate jookide serveerimiseks. - Näited: Black ja White Russian, viski ,,on rocks", Mai Tai jms. 8. Hurricane klaas - Klaasi kasutatakse üldiselt tahkemate ning segatud kokteilide serveerimiseks. Enamus nendest jookidest on lahjad kokteilid või alkoholivabad. Näited: Coco Colada (alkoholivaba), Frozen Pina Colada, Kappa Colada jms. 9. Margarita klaas - Tõelisi margariitasid saab serveerida vaid vastavast klaasist! Margariitaklaas tavaliselt ääristatakse soola (või ka suhkruga), mahutavus on 360 600 ml. 10
When another way some teachers are just waitening it. As well as people can not speak along with state public topics and express their opinion. Therefore freedom of speech is debateable. Already from the old times Estonians have been fighting for their own freedom, because they do not like to allow to another country or state, foreign public and foreign language. Estonian public have been fighting with German, Russian and a lot of other states. Estonians has strongly tried to keep alive their own nationality, independent that Estonia is a very small state in comparison with other states. Thanks to the Tartu peace treaty, liberty war, finally public achieved to their state a freedom. Republic gives to people feeling that they are free inside and outside to express their own opinion on many subjects. Anyway if I live in Republic I should have to be a chance to express my opinion.
THE HISTORY OF JOURNALISM REPORT SUBMITTED TO: JELENA SCHMIDT SUBJECT: ENGLISH BY NIKITA GUSTSHIN TMHG 19.04.2012 "The History of Journalism" What is "Journalism"? Journalism is the investigation and reporting of events, issues and trends to a broad audience. Though there are many variations of journalism, the ideal is to inform the intended audience. Along with covering organizations and institutions such as government and business, journalism also covers cultural aspects of society such as arts and entertainment. The field includes editing, photojournalism, and documentary. His...
formal demeanour at meetings. Estonians dislike an overly casual attitude towards business, especially from foreigners. It generally takes several meetings to reach a decision. In most cases, decisions are still made at the top of the company, so unless you are meeting with the top echelon of the company, what you propose will have to make its way up the chain of command for approval. Older businesspeople are generally only fluent in Estonian or Russian. Therefore, you may wish to have an interpreter with you at meetings. Thank you for listening!
of the world, I would say we rather deal with Americanization. Language is unquestionably an integral part of culture and through language people recognise their national identity. Until the 20th century, our mother tongue was most influenced by German language. During the first half of 20th century, Estonian language was closer to Finnish and the second half of 20th century was dominated by Russian influences. In the 21th century, however, Estonian language has been stoutly impacted by English. Some people are very protective and resolute about preserving Estonian language with its linguistic diversity just as it is without any foreign influences. Some say that it is only natural that every language changes, picking up bits and pieces of other languages. I believe both "parties" are correct, but I also believe that we must be
landscape: the "Estonian Switzerland" is the bestknown skiing centre in North Estonia. Eastern Virumaa is an important industrial area which has many mines and ash hills. The county also has virgin forests, pre glacial valleys, beautiful lakes, bogs and attractive beaches. There is also Narva, the town on the border of Estonia and Russia, it is the easternmost and third largest town in Estonia. Kohtla Järve is an industrial toen inhabited by mostly Russian speaking people. Sillamäe was once closed to visitors because of the processing of rare metals and radioactive substances, it has now become an industrial centre and is considered one of the most pleasant towns in the county. Western Virumaa has a beautiful rural landscape, its highest being the hill of Emumägi. The Baltic glint is lower there and lies further away from the coast. Forests cover more than 40% of the county. The soil is very fertile for
Сказать - talk, speak, say. Работать, Поработать - work Aspects in the negative Using the negative with perfective verbs indicates the person failed to do that action. Using the imperfective will normally simply mean that it didn’t happen. Я не позвонила - I failed to phone (perfective) (but I was expected to) Я не звонила - I didn’t phone. (imperfective) Rank Russian verb English translation Aspectual pair (imp/perf) 1. быть to be, have imperfective, no pair (see бывать, побыть) 2. сказать to say, speak говорить/сказать 3
Trotters and bean or pea soup was eaten on that day. A custom observed all over Estonia on this day was sledge sliding: the farther downhill the sledge slid, the taller the flax would grow. February 2 Anniversary of the Tartu Peace Treaty Tartu Peace Treaty (Estonian: Tartu rahu, literally "Tartu peace") or Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed in February 2 , 1920 ending the Estonian War of Independence
VENE KÖÖK Vene köögi ajalugu · Vene kokakunst on lahutamatu osa vene kultuurist ja ajaloost. Esimesed teated vene köögi kohta pärinevad XIXVII sajandi kirjalikest allikatest. Jõgede, järvede ja metsade rohkus aitasid kaasa rohkearvuliste kala, linnu ja seeneroogade ning metsamarjadest toitude tekkimisele. Oma põldudel kasvatasid venelased rukist, kaera, nisu, otra, hirssi, tatart. · Tunti hapnemata ja hapendatud taigna valmistamist. Lihtsast hapendamata taignast tehti karaskeid ja kohupiimakakukesi, hiljem lapsaad, pelmeene, vareenikuid. Rukkijahust küpsetati musta leiba, milleta ei kujuta ette vene söögilauda tänapäevalgi. Pärmiga kergitatud nisutainast küpsetati ümmargusi saiu ja rõngassaiu, plaadipirukaid, täidistega pirukaid, pliine. · Ammustest aegadest on vene köögis kasutatud naerist, kapsast, rõigast, hernest, kurke. Juurvilju söödi toore...
Denmark, Sweden, Russia and Poland. Sweden emerged as the winner and Estonia remained under its influence until the beginning of the 18th century. During Swedish rule, the first university in Estonia was founded at Tartu in 1632. Tartu University is still widely considered the most important university in Estonia. The period is still often remembered by Estonians as "the Good old Swedish time". In the early 18th century, the Great Northern War left Estonia under Russian rule. A high point of the Estonian national movement was the first nation-wide Song Festival in Tartu in June 1869. In 1918 on the 24th of February, the Estonian Republic was proclaimed. It is a highly important holiday in Estonia. At first it was merely a decision on paper. True independence was fought for in the following years, in the War of Liberation. Independence lasted until 1939 when a pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union was signed.
C., the Sami were forced to move northward to the arctic regions, with which they are traditionally associated. The Finns' repeated raids on the Scandinavian coast impelled Eric IX, the Swedish king, to conquer the country in 1157. It was made a part of the Swedish kingdom and converted to Christianity. By 1809 the whole of Finland was conquered by Alexander I of Russia, who set up Finland as a grand duchy. The period of Russification (18091914) sapped Finnish political power and made Russian the country's official language. When Russia became engulfed by the March Revolution of 1917, Finland seized the opportunity to declare independence on Dec. 6, 1917. The USSR attacked Finland on Nov. 30, 1939, after Finland refused to give in to Soviet territorial demands. The Finns staged a strong defense for three months before being forced to cede the Soviets 16,000 sq mi (41,440 sq km). Under German pressure, the Finns joined the Nazis against Russia in 1941, but they
tall and powerful. He didn't care for people who didn't meet his expectations of the perfect race. In his eyes all other groups of people like the Russians, Jews and just crazy, crippled or diseased people were worthless and didn't have any other use than for slave work or just killing. b) After the war twenty-four major political and military leaders of Nazi Germany, indicted for aggressive war, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, were brought to trial before the British, French, Russian and American judges. More than 100 additional defendants, representing many sectors of German society, were tried in a series of 12 trials.Twelve prominent Nazis were sentenced to death. Most of the defendants admitted to the crimes of which they were accused, although most claimed that they were simply following the orders of a higher authority. Those individuals directly involved in the killing received the most severe sentences. Other people who played key roles in the
Work as a calling and organisational commitment Organisational commitment Definition Multiple definitions of organisational commitment are found in the literature. There is some of them. In organisational behavior and industrial and organisational psychology, organisational commitment is the individual's psychological attachment to the organisation. Organisational commitment predicts work variables such as turnover, organisational citizenship behavior, and job performance. In Business Dictionary is written that organisational commitment is a strength of the feeling of responsibility that an employee has towards the mission of the organisation. Porter et al further describes organisational commitment as an attachment to the organisation, characterised by an intention to remain in it; an identification with the values and goals of the organisation; and a willingness to exert extra effort on its behalf. Another perspect...
the Ottoman Empire, with some help from the other Central Powers, and mainly the British and the Russians among the Allies of World War I. The conflicts at the Caucasus Campaign, the Persian Campaign and the Gallipoli Campaign affected seriously areas, where the Armenian people lived. Before the declaration of war at the Armenian congress at Erzurum the Ottoman government requested the Ottoman Armenians to contribute the conquest of Transcaucasia by inciting a rebellion with the Russian Armenians against the tsarist army in the event of a Caucasus front. (Wikipedia, 2011) 1.5. Death marches The Armenians were marched out to the Syrian town of Deir Ez-Zor and the surrounding desert. Many evidences suggests that the Ottoman government did not provide any facilities or supplies to retain the Armenians during their deportation, nor when they arrived. Ottoman troops, who escorted the Armenians not only allowed others to rob, kill, and rape the
And via the idea of the artist as an author on the Nouvelle Vague. F. W. Murnau (1888-1931) Initial education: art historian. Started directin feature films in 1919: der knaube in blau. One of the founding fathers of expressionst film and kammerspielfilm. Most influental films: nosferatu, der letzte mann, faust, sunrise. UN CHIEN ANDALOU, ANDALUSIAN DOG, BUNUEL AND BATTLESHIP POTEMKIN. 20.02.12 Soviet Montage Cinema Sergej Eisenstein- most important russian film director. Born in riga. Grew up in st petersubrg. Came to the cinema from different background, japanese, kabuki theater. Started with working in theater. His cinema was based on editing. Invented a film school. Esenstein was first film maker who wrote books. Published his first book, before first movie. ,,the montage of attractions". Becomes world-wide famous for prpagandafilm ,,battleship potemkin". . attempted to start a career in hollywood, continued his career in Soviet Union.
Uurimustöö Rassism tänapäeva noorte seas Sisukord I. Sissejuhatus..................................................................................................................................... 1.1 Väljendid rasside ja rahvuste kohta.......................................................................................... 1.2 Märgid ja nende tähendused..................................................................................................... 1.3 Kokkupuuted rassiliste organisatsioonidega............................................................................ 1.4 Rassiline tolerantsus................................................................................................................. II. Kokkuvõte...................................................................................................................................... III. Kasutatud kirjandus...............................
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