ICE AGE The earth is very old. During its long history there have been many changes in climate. Between one and two million years ago one of these changes took place the great Ice Age began. It grew colder in the Far North. More snow fell in the winter than could melt away in the summer. The snow grew deeper and deeper. It changed to solid ice. As more snow fell, the ice grew thicker. It began to move. Great sheets of moving ice, or glaciers, were formed. The edges of the sheets were pushed outward. At last the ice covered most of what is now Canada. And it spread southward into what is now the United States. The ice was probably a mile deep in places. It moved over hills and valleys, rivers and forests. It moved slowly perhaps only a foot a day. Millions of plants were buried by the ice. Many animals moved south. Among the animals able to stand the cold near th...
been painted over, spoilt with knives, even used for target practice. The American Rock Art Research Association protects rock-art sites. 2) THE FAVOURITE SPORT IN BRITAIN The most popular sport is probably football. Two kinds of football is played in Great Britain. One of them, which is called association football, is played all over Europe. The other kind: rugby football is also very popular in New Zealand, France, and some other European countries. English boys play it at school, and in public parks. When they grow up, they play as members of important amateur teams or as a professional in teams competing in football ,,leagues". Professional football is as much a business as a sport. Rugby football was first played in 1823. In rugby every player is allowed to carry the ball. The ball is oval, not round. Each team contains 15 players. The oldest game of football in England is probably the football match which takes place at
Kui saatelause on olevikus , siis jääb öeldu ka olevikku . Näit: He says:"Everybody speaks English" -> he says (that) everybody speaks English. KUI ON SAYS , SIIS EI LÄHE ÜHE VÕRRA MINEVIKU POOLE! Kui aga saatelause on minevikus, siis läheb lause ühe võrra mineviku poole! "I speak English well" -> He said (that) he spoke English well. "They are speaking English now - > He said (that) they were speaking English then . "They spoke English to their guests last week -> He said (that) they had spoken English to their guests last week "They were speaking English when I arrived" -> he said (that) they had been speaking English when he arrived . "I have learnt 20 new words today" -> he said (that) she had learnt 20 new words that day " I have been learning English for 2 years -> she said (that) she had been learning English for 2 years ENNEMINEVIK JÄÄB SAMAKS!
Tenses Present simple: Key words: always, sometimes, usually, ? do I/you/we they speak English? rearly, seldom, often, every does He/she/it speak English? Millal kasutatakse? igapäevase, harjumispärase, teatud aja järel korduva + I/you/we/they speak engish tegevuse väljendamiseks He/she/it speaks english? Example sentence: The President of The -do not(don't) speak English. USA lives in The White House. Carol does not (doesn't) speak english. usually brushes her teeth twice a day. Present continuous: ? Am I speaking English? Key words: now at the moment, look! Are you/we/they speaknig English? Listen! Is he/she/it speaking English? Millal kasutatakse? Hetkel toimuva,
ACTIVE VOICE PRESENT PAST FUTURE FUTURE IN THE PAST SIMPLE ? DO, DOES + 1. ? DID+ 1. SHALL, WILL + 1. SHOULD, WOULD + 1. ains.3. +s, +es. harjumusliku, They learn English at They learned the poem They will learn Latin He said that he would iseloomulikku tegevust school. yesterday. in 2025. learn Latin in 2025. ja kindlat fakti. Üldse 1. every week, always, Last week, in 1998, tomorrow, when he often this morning, 2 hours ago goes to the university.
My name is... Mis teie nimi on? What`s your name Palun saage tuttavaks minu... Please meet you... Kust te pärit olete? Where are you from? Ma olen... I´m from... Kui vana sa oled/te olete... How old are you... Ma olen 25 aastane. - I´m 25(years old) Mis on sinu/teie telefoni number? What`s your phone number Minu telefoni number on... My phone number is... Millega sa tegeled? What du you do? Ma olen... I`m a... Ma räägin veidi inglise keelt. I speak a little English. Ma ei saa aru. Korrake, palun. I do not understand. Please repeat it. Kas te võiksite palun rääkida aeglasemini? Could you speak more slowly, pease? Mida see sõna tähendab? What does this word mean? Kas te saate minust aru? Do you understand me? Jah ma saan teist aru üsna hästi. Yes, I understand you quite well . Mis on teie emakeel? What is your mother tongue? Minu emakeel on eesti keel. My mother tongue is Estonia. Esmaspäev Monday Teisipäev Tuesday
Verb Tense Summary Chart PRESENT PAST FUTURE Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple I study Englishevery day. Two years ago, I studied English in I am going to study Englishnext year. England. The bus leav e s at 8
Country Nationality Language Austria Austrian German Australia Australian English Belgium Belgian/Flemish French/Flemish The Czech Republik Czech Czech Canada Canadian English/French China Chinese Chinese Denmark Dane Danish Estonia Estonian Estonian Finland Finn Finnish France Frenchman/woman French
1027 or 1028.He was son of Robert I , the Duke of Normandy. He was known as "William the Bastard" because of the illegitimacy of his birth. · Duke of Normandy from 1035. By his father's will, William succeeded him as Duke of Normandy at age seven. He was knighted by Henry at age 15. By the time William turned 19 he was successfully dealing with threats of rebellion and invasion. · King of England from 1066 to his death. Upon the death of the childless Edward the Confessor, the English throne was fiercely disputed by three claimants--William, Harold Godwinson, the powerful Earl of Wessex, and the Viking King Harald III of Norway, known as Harald Hardraada. Battles · William decides to invade England ....because of the contest for the throne. William organized a council of war at Lillebonne and openly began assembling an army in Normandy. Offering promises of English lands and
signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols. Communication or language is a process every child learns from birth and during our life we will usually learn many different languages. Due to the fact that both of my parents are Estonians , my mother tongue is Estonian, therefore I can speak and write in it very fluently. I also prefer read the books in Estonian. I know that some people like to do it in some other languages, in English for instance. I am really amused by the Estonian literature. I like to read books and stories from Andrus Kivirähk and F.R. Kreutzwald. English is one of the world most spoken language. You can hear it everywhere, no matter which part of the world are you in. In the third grade of elementary scool I started to learn English as a second language so since then i have learned it for nine years and i have
" Oliver says that he is not from poor family. Pille says, "The weather has been awful." Pille says that the weather has been awful. Asja Selgitavad tabelid. Statements. When transforming statements, check whether you have to change: · pronouns · present tense verbs (3rd person singular) · place and time expressions · tenses (backshift) Type Example Direct speech "I speak English." Reported speech (No He says that he speaks backshift) English. Reported speech (Backshift) He said that he spoke English. Questions When transforming questions, check whether you have to change: · pronouns · present tense verbs (3rd person singular) · place and time expressions · tenses (backshift) Also note that you have to: · transform the question into an indirect question
-a Õpetaja: Age Tamm Õppe- Teemad. Alateemad. Mõisted, faktid nädal 1. nädal Unit 1. What did you do last summer? Past Simple questions, statements 2. nädal Summer activities Did you...? Yes, I did / No, I didn't Alan's summer play ball / the violin My summer go swimming / ...ing Polite English. Saying hello and introducing 3. nädal Unit 2. A trip to England Past Simple 4. nädal Outdoor activities by bus / car / train / plane, on foot English Country School Ordinals (the first, the second, ...) The Tower of London Posessive pronouns Polite English. Excuse me... 5. nädal Unit 3. A trip to Estonia Past Simple
Seepärast ei saa inglise keele puhul ükski ametkond ära keelata näiteks prantsuse võõrsõnade kasutamist ingliskeelsetes restoranimenüüdes. Ei eksisteeri ka keelepolitseid, kes võiks eksimuste eest trahve määrata. Inglise keele normid põhinevad tegelikul keelekasutusel; kasutuselolevate normide kogu moodustab standardi. NIMELT Õigekeelsusnorme kirjeldavad sõnaraamatud, grammatikad ja käsiraamatud. Standard English 'standardinglise keel, normitud inglise keel' on raskesti määratletav mõiste. SEST Ühed arvavad, et standard on tüüpiline igapäevane keelekasutus, AGA teiste arvates on tegemist lihvitud keelega, mida kasutatakse eelkõige formaalsetes situatsioonides (nii kirjalikus kui ka suulises kõnes). SIISKI Sellise keele kasutajaskond on suhteliselt väike.
began teaching us French. But it was awkward and I'm not sure they themselves knew what they were doing or why. I can recall we cut out some pictures and glued them to a book and wrote some words up. I also recall the pronounciation was simplified for us, for example, they taught us "gööl" as the correct way to say "girl" etc. They never mentioned that it's not exactly correct... But well, then I switched schools and met the most important man of my life – my English teacher. He had three masters – in English, in German and in Physical Education. He had also written the school hymn. He was very stern with us and made us study like crazy. You made one tiny mistake, and it was "4", two mistakes made a "3" and so on. He was an awesome teacher. He said we can talk in his class as much as we want provided we do it in English. He also had us count the passing train cars in English, instead of Estonian. He made up the books himself, because there were none at
Outstanding figures in British literature Eva Martina Põder 11.b British literature Refers to all literature produced by British authors from the United Kingdom, which includes England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man Includes early works written in Gaelic, Welsh, and Latin, works in Old, Middle, and Modern English, each of which represents a different period Full of great works British works in Latin Venerable Bede He lived between 673 and 735 AD The greatest of all the AngloSaxon scholars He's the earliest English historian, whose work has shed light on a period of English history that would have otherwise been unknown ,,The Father of English History" Wrote / translated about 40 books on almost every area of knowledge, i.e. nature, astronomy, and poetry
Me and languages Nowdays it is very common that one person can speak more than one language. There are people who have to learn different languages at school and people who do it , beacause they want to educate themselves. I think that every person should speak at least 3 languages. My mother tongue is Estonian. I can speak and write it very fluently. I like to read books in estonian and listen songs in Estonian. I know some people who prefer to do it in English. But for me it is more enjoyable to do it in my mother tounge. English is one of the most common languages in the world. Therefore it is very important to speak it. I started learning English in the third grade like most of the students. Before the lessons at school I had already learned the basic of English. My sister is older than me and I was really interested in studying with her. Also very helpful things were cartoons and hollywood films. In everyday life I use English very
Might the Welsh language face a bright future? Welsh belongs to a branch of Celtic, an Indo-European language. The language is being used about half a million people in Wales and possibly another few hundred thousand people within England and even Australia and United States of America. The normal language of every day life is still English but in some regions such as Gwynedd and Dyfed, the use of Welsh is very wide and well spread. The tendency nowadays is towards the development and introduction of Welsh. This could not have been said at the first part of the 20th century. Welsh have been under the reign or a part of Great Britain for a long time. During the 16 th century, particularly at the time of Henry the VIII, they tried to force the Welsh language
The United Kingdom Mari-Liis Ojatamm Kärdla Ühisgümnaasium 10b The United Kingdom Scotland Wales England Northern Ireland Scotland Capital: Edinburgh Area 78,387 km2 Languages: English and Scottish Gaelic Population: 5,313,60 National symbols Thistle Tartam Flag Wales Capital: Cardiff Languages: English and Welsh Area: 20,779 km2 Population: 3,063,456 Flag Northern Ireland Capital: Belfast Languages: Irish and English Area: 13,843 km2 Population: 1,810,863 England Capital: London
PASSIVE VOICE Active: S + V + O Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by + O (tense) EX: My father planted this tree last year. This tree was planted by my father last year. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Present Tense Active: S + V(s/es) + O Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + O EX: He reads books every day. Books are read (by him) every day. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Continuous Tense Active: S + am/is/are + Ving + O Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + O EX: He is writing a novel at the moment. A novel is being written (by him) at the moment. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Perfect Tense Active: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + O EX: He has just finished a novel. A novel has just been finished (by him).
CITATION FORM The citation form of the lexeme is the form that is employed to refer to the lexeme; it is also the form that is used for the alphabetical listing of lexemes in a conventional dictionary. In English, the citation form of a noun is the singular: e.g., mouse rather than mice. For multi-word lexemes which contain possessive adjectives or reflexive pronouns, the citation form uses a form of the indefinite pronoun one: e.g., do one's best, perjure oneself. In many languages, the citation form of a verb is the infinitive: French aller, German gehen, Spanish ir. In English it usually is the full infinitive (to go) although alphabetized without 'to' (go);
A multilingual internet? English seems to be everywhere and that's why it might make us think that everyone in the world speaks English. If this were true, it would bring benefits for worldwide communication, but it also may become a threat to cultural diversity. It is said that about 75% of the pages on the Web are in English but only 12% of the world's population can communicate well in English. The position of English is beginning to change. Both Europe and Asia are growth areas and are conducting e-business. Companies are beginning to realise that they will have to translate their websites for their various customers. Businesses all over the world are now faced with a huge challenge creating a multilingual website. It is not an easy task because different cultures have different needs. Companies doing e-business simply need time to translate their sites into the various languages necessary to do business
Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) make up Northern Canada. Provinces have a large degree of autonomy from the federal government, territories somewhat less. Each has its own provincial or territorial symbols. Canada's two official languages are English and French. Official Bilingualism in Canada is law, defined in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Official Languages Act, and Official Language Regulations; it is applied by the Commissioner of Official Languages. English and French have equal status in federal courts, Parliament, and in all federal institutions. The public has the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French, and official language minorities are
Christmas differentces of 2 countries This reports purpose is to analyse Estonian and English Christmas traditions. It compares the meaning of this tradition, decorations, eating habits, activities and Father Christmas. Firstly, for English people this traditions means to celebrate the birthday of Jesus Christ , but on the other hand for Estonian peole it means to celebrate the mid-winter holidays and religous people go to church. Secondly, for Estonian people decorating their homes is big part of christmas. People in the countryside bring straw into the house, they decorate their homes and bring in fir-trees. The traditional Christmas flowers are hyacinth, Christmas cactus and the poinsettia
Present Perfect Simple Present [has/have + past participle] [VERB] + s/es in third person: You have seen that movie many times. · You speak English. · Have you seen that movie many times? · Do you speak English? · You have not seen that movie many times · You do not speak English. Examples: Examples: · I have seen that movie twenty times. · I play tennis. · I think I have met him once before. · She does not play tennis. · There have been many earthquakes in · Does he play tennis? California. · The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
Letter of application for a language course I study humanities at Pelgulinna Gymnasium, studying humanities at my school requires fluency in English. I love studying in English, hence, I would like to attend a university, where all the courses are taught in English. Therefore I would like to attend this university because of the English-speaking environment. I feel that this is an amazing opportunity which will surely turn out to be an enriching experience for me. I have great expectations from studying abroad because of the element of internationalism. I think that a larger view on the world could give the chance to be more productive in my whole life. Living abroad could give the chance to prepare better for my future career.
The School I come from The school I come from, is named Anna Haava nimeline Pala school and there learns a little bit less than 100 students, I learned there from 7-9 grade. I started learning English in third grade and if I remember correctly then our teachers name was Reet Ernits but she is not the only who has taught me English So far I have had five teachers (not including my current teacher), who all have been very different but they had one thing in common, they all used I love English books. With my first teacher we wrote down lots of rules about grammar and other stuff like that but I did not understand them so for me it was more like a waste of time. With my second, third and fourth teacher I met in Jõhvi High school and they all were not good teachers because they did not
Lepiku 9-34 Tallinn 75671 Estonia The Lake School of English 14 Park End Street Oxford OX1 1JQ Dear Ms Barden, 3 September 2009 thank you for being my English teacher on a two-week language course at the Lake School of English in Oxford. My English has gone much more better. Now I have less grammatical mistakes in speech and in writing. I learned about the British educational system and I saw the most important places in Southern Brittain. I also made some new friends in Oxford. We promised to each other to exchange some postcards and write letters. They are really outgoing and friendly. I hope I can come to Oxford in the next year
To: Ms Maire Liidlein From: Kerli Neljas Date: 16th December Subject: Recommendation report about Haapsalu Introduction Haapsalu is a small, friendly and romantic town is a real summer paradise and in summer a lot of holidaymakers visit this. They come for the warm seawater, curative mud, peacefulness. A lot of people visit the resort every summer, there are many different ways to spent time there, both for tourists and locals. Old Town of Haapsalu and museums People who are interested in culture and history can visit the Old Town and museums. For example the Estonian Railway Museum, the Episcopal Castle Museum, the Läänemaa Museum and others. I think that the city itself is one of the greatest historical places. Nobody can talk about the history of Haapsalu better than the city itself. And visiting museums is a good for acquiring new knowledge, but those people who do not love history, may get bored. And all museums are located relativ...
English writers Maria maasing Edwin Abbott Abbott · Edwin Abbott Abbott(1838-1926)was an English clergyman and writer.He was born in London. He wrote several theological works and a biography (1885) of Francis Bacon, but he is best known for his Shakespearian Grammar (1870) and religious allegory the Flatland. William Blake · William Blake (17571827) was an English poet, philosopher and artist.He was one of the most extraordinary personalities to emerge during the period of Romanticism. He believed that spiritual reality lies hidden behind the visible world of the senses and he attempted to create a symbolic language to represent his spiritual visions. He began printing his own illustrated poems in colour in 1787. The first example was Songs of innocence(1789). Towards the end of his life, he joined a
Why learn foreign languages Everyone knows that nowadays English is the most common language in the world. For that reason, it is extremely important for young people to improve their skills and to learn as much as they can of, this important language. To begin with, speaking foreign languages allows you to travel wherever you want without any problems. If you are visiting a place far away, it would probably be useful for you to know a little bit of English or some other languages. For example, if you get lost in a strange country you could ask somebody for information without any problems. Furthermore, having a good knowledge of different languages could help you to find jobs. These days, it is always more common to find businesses which are looking for a good English or some other languages speaker. In addition, it could be important for you to learn language if you are interested in studying abroad
There are many others famous British sport competitions, which include the ashes series of cricket matches, The Wimbledon tennis championships, the Grand National etc. A great number of major sports originated in the United Kingdom, including: soccer, squash, golf, tennis, boxing, rugby, cricket, snooker, billiards, badminton and curling. Literature English literature emerged as a recognisable entity in the late 14th century. Geoffrey Chaucer is the first great identifiable individual in English literature: his Canterbury Tales remains a popular 14th-century work, which readers still enjoy today. The English novel became a popular form in the 18th century, with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, which was written in 1719. The English novel developed in the 20th century into much greater variety. It remains today the dominant English literary form. There are many novelists whose novels are enjoyed all over the world: J.R.R. Tolkien, J.K. Rowling, Arthur Conan Doyle, D.H. Lawrence etc.
27 Suur-Aia St. 72711 Paide Estonia 13 February 2010 The Lake School of English, 14 Park End St., Oxford OX1 1JQ The UK Dear Ms Barden, I am writing in order to thank you for teaching me so well at the Lake School of English in Oxford. In the first place, my English has improved in so many ways. I feel more confident with my pronouncing and my writing has also improved. Secondly, I learned much about Oxford. It seemed such a nice town. I hope to return soon for a nice week-long holiday. Finally, I got many friends who all were so nice to me
before the alveolar ridge. Dental sounds are produced by the tongue touching the front teeth. Bilabial sounds are produced by the contact of both lips. Labiodental sounds are produced by lip-to-teeth contact. Distribution is the act of looking sounds in different contexts and positions they can occur in. Any speech sounds must always have air flow and some kind of blockage or modification to the air flow. There are 2 kinds of sounds in English: Vowels that are produced do that the airstream is not obstructed – they can stand alone meaning that they can be produced without consonants before or after them Consonants that are produced with some restriction or closure in the vocal tract that the air flow is obstructed – consonants require some vowels around them To classify vowels, fixate: The height of the tongue – close, close-mid, open-mid, open
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT I (-s) DO/DOES AM/IS/ARE + ING HAVE/HAS + III pv. I learn English I am learning English I have learned English. I get up at 7 every day. I'm reading a good book at the I've learned 10 words today. He doesn't get up at 7. moment. He hasn't learned any new What time do you get up? He isn't reading anything at the words today. moment. How many words have you What are you reading at the learned today? moment? 1 Korduv tegevus
My mother tongue in 21th century Thousands of Years ago Estonian did not exist. Even nowadays not very many people speak Estonian, nearly 1,5 Million. Compared to English speakers, it's nothing. The Estonian language has changed very much as the years have gone by. The expressions that were used years ago are replaced with English phrases, which are especially popular among young people. That's because almost all films, song lyrics and popular TV shows are in English. They also use slang too much. It's quite possible, that soon the Estonian language dies out and replaces with English. The second reason, why Estonian is in big danger, is because the little importance of the language. Almost everyone can speak at least one foreign language and nowadays the travelling possibilities are also very good. So if the Estonian language has no importance, it's possible, that if several nations will mix and there will be no Estonian anymore.
1.The Authorized Version, commonly known as the King James Version, King James Bible or KJV. English translation of Christian Bible. Translation began by the church of england in 1604 and completed in 1611. It was the third official translation into english. The first was the great bible which was made during the reign of kind henry VIII and the second was bishops bible. They started making the new version in 1604 because the puritans(a factino within the church of england) perceived (detected)problems with earlier translations. 2.The translation was done by 47 scholars, all of who were members of the Church of England. The New Testament was translated from Greek, the Old Testament was translated
SOCIETY AND CULTURE OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES Introduction 1. Nowadays, English is so widely spoken that it can hardly be considered "a one nation's" language. The main countries where English is spoken are: the U.K, the U.S, Canada, Australia, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, West Indies 2. There are approx. 300-400 million speakers of English in the world. English occupies the 3rd place by its number of speakers; it is right behind Mandarin and Spanish. 3. ESL (English as a Second Language) used in your own country (e.g. India) EFL (English as a Foreign Language) used in a foreign country ESP (English for Specific Purposes) used in business, airlines, hotels etc. 4. Settlement colonies people migrated into them from Britain and started their own
of mankind then the world would be boring. There would be no languages to learn, no foreign songs to sing and no joy of knowing that you can speak to a foreigner in his mother tongue. Also people are more friendly and open to you if they can speak freely in their mother language. But not protecting the minor languages can also be a good thing. As we know the world is globalising and the closest thing to a global language is English. Most of the internet and technology is in English, also lots of trading and business deals are written in English. Interesting is, that even in Estonia knowing and speaking English has come an expectation not a skill in the younger society, because in many jobs there is required to know a certain amount of English. In my opinion minor languages are the things that make small countries differ from other countries and that is something that people can be proud of. That is a major thing that brings
The Middle Ages The Middle Ages are one of the most turbulent periods in English history. The Middle Ages are so called as the middle period between the decline of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. The Middle Ages started in 1066. with the Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest. William the Conqueror took all the lands from the Saxon English and gave these to French nobles. Normans were known as great builders. This is assured by the fact that many great castles and other buildings, including the Tower of London, were built during the Norman Conquest. In 1086. Domesday Book was compiled. It is a detailed survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror. The reign of King William Rufus who was the son of William started in 1087 and lasted until 1100. Next king was Henry I who was the brother of William Rufus. His reign
As both asian and European markets use the internet more and more to conduct business, there will be an increasing need for language choice for the different markets.English is so often used on the internet that it might make you think everyone in the world speaks English, or at least give you the impression that it is the worlds most widekyspoken language.If this were true, it would, off course, bring benefits for worldwide communication and understandig, thought it could also possibly become a threat to cultural diversity.English certainly seems to be everywhere, from films to pop music and TV, and from 15 business to science and other fields. Information varies, but suggests that about 75% of the pages on the web are in english
Fifth level 2008 in New York Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Paul McCartney is ranked third in an annual list of Britain's richest musical figures, with a fortune estimated at $1.4 billion. Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Composer Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Composer Multi-Instrumentalist Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Composer Multi-Instrumentalist Entrepreneur Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Composer Multi-Instrumentalist Entrepreneur Record and Film producer Who Is He ? English singer-songwriter Poet Composer Multi-Instrumentalist
containing the nation-states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Jamaica is the fifth- largest island country in the Caribbean. The indigenous people, the Taíno, called it Xaymacain Arawakan. meaning the "Land of Wood and Water" or the "Land of Springs". Jamaica Marcus Garvey, Father of the Back to Africa Movement and Jamaica's first National Hero. Language The official language of Jamaica is English. Jamaicans primarily speak an English- African Creole language known as Jamaican Patois, which has become known widely through the spread of Reggae music. Jamaican Patois was formed from a base of mainly English words with elements of re-formed grammar, together with a little vocabulary from African languages and Native American words. Some archaic features are reminiscent of Irish English. Reggae Bob Marley, the most famous reggae artist from Jamaica. http://www.youtube.com/watch
стран мира. 6 INTRODUCTION Aspects of British History presents a brief outline of the most significant milestones in the long and eventful history of Great Britain, such as the five successful invasions of the island, the birth of Parliament and transformation of an absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy, the origin of the English language, the rise and fall of the British Empire. The units contain an informative reading text on an important issue, preceded by preparatory discussion questions and followed by notes offering some additional information, and a vocabulary with relevant language notes. The main reading text is accompanied by comprehension, vocabulary and grammar exercises and discussion activities. Some of the units include reading passages.
B GAG Some statistics · An island country · Southern tip of the Malay peninsula · Total area of 710 km2and a population of 5 312 400 · Population density 7 315/ km2 · Left-handtraffic A brief history of Singapore · Comes from the Malay wordSingapura · British colony in 1819 · Occupied by Japan in 1942-1945 · 1959 self-governing state · 1963 joined Malaysia · 1965 complete independence Legal system · Legal system based on English common law · Trial by jury removed in 1970 · Caning · Mandatory death penalty · "Possibly the highest execution rate in the world relative to its population" Economy · Location made it an important trading post · In 2011 ranked 2ndfreest economy · Singaporean dollar · Port of Singapore · Worlds highest % of millionaires (1 out of 6) · No minimum wage and high income inequality levels among developed countries Military ·
LEXICOLOGY 1. Size of English vocabulary 1) Old English – 50,000 to 60,000 words Vocabulary of Shakespeare OE – homogeneous; 1/3 of the vocabulary has survived • 884,647 words of running text About 450 Latin loans (Amosova) • 29,000 different words (incl. work, working, Viking invasions added 2,000 worked, which are counted here as separate 2) Middle English – 100,000 – 125,000 words) English becomes heterogeneous (Norman French, • 21,000 words English, Latin), hybrid of Germanic and Romance languages Norman French influence – about 10,000 words, 75 % are still in use (Baugh) Latin influence continues 3) Early Modern English – 200,000 – 250,000 English becomes a polycentric language; polyglot, cosmopolitan language
Rebellious Scots to crush God save the King The Tower of London The Tower of London is London's oldest and most popular attraction, most famous for the Crown Jewels Buckingham Palace London Eye The London Bus The Grand Opera House The Giant's Causeway Belfast City Hall Area: Capital: London Total 130,395 km 2 England Population: Official language: 51,000,000 English National flower Red rose Scotland Capital: Edinburgh Population: Area: 5,144,000 78,772 km² Official language: English National flower Shamrock Ireland Capital: Belfast Population: Area: 5,981,000 81,638 km² Official languages:
MALTESE Author: Christo Leppik FAMILY TREE · Belongs to the Semitic languages · Other Semitic languages are Arabic, hebrew etc. · Only Semitic language written in the latin script · Descended from the Siculo-Arabic STATUS OF THE LANGUAGE · One of the official languages in the European Union · <400000 native speakers · Is the national language in Malta · Co-official language in Malta DOMINANCE · Has fairly little importance. · English and Italian more popular · 12 of 13 websites in English only · Only dominant on radio INFLUENCES · Half the vocabulary from Italian and Sicilian · Wasn't recognized as official language `till 1938 · No written form untill 19th century · Has been under different foreign rules CHANGES · Only changes is the increasing usage of loan-words · Less important · Vanishing in my opinion FEATURES Consonants Bilabial Labio-dental
Questions : "tag" questions You speak English, don't you? A tag question is a special construction in English. It is a statement followed by a mini-question. The whole sentence is a "tag question", and the mini-question at the end is called a "question tag". We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. They mean something like: "Am I right?" or "Do you agree?" They are very common in English. The basic structure is: + - Positive statement, negative tag? Snow is white, isn't it? - + Negative statement, positive tag? You don't like me, do you? Look at these examples with positive statements: positive statement [+] negative tag [-] notes:
englisch-hilfen.de LEARNING ENGLISH ONLINE Examples Examples Examples Tense Signal words Use Form affirmative negative interrogative every day something happens repeatedly sometimes
time of Chaucer. As far as England was concerned, however, this first contact was negligible largely because external wars and internal strife ravaged the country for almost a century and a half (1337-1485) The Renaissance in England may be divided into 3 parts: the rise of the R. under early Tudor monarchs, the height of R. under Elizabeth I, the decline of the R. under the Stuart monarchs. 6. The first manifestations of the Renaissance in English literature. The first major impact of the Renaissance on English literature is observable in the poetry of Wyatt and Surrey, who introduced and Anglicized the sonnet, a verse form that has proved to be both popular and durable. Surrey is credited also with inventing English blank verse. Other verse forms, borrowed from the Italian and French, had a lesser impact. Elaborate Renaissance conventions of love poetry were also transplanted, finding
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