one of England's few mountainous regions. All the land in England higher than three thousand feet above sea level lies within the National Park. The Lake District also contains Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. Blenheim Palace Designated a World Heritage Site in 1987. The birthplace of Winston Churchill, Blenheim Palace near Oxford is a perfectly preserved. 18th-century residence set in a 2,100-acre park landscaped by 'Capability' Brown. It's now the home of the 11th Duke of Marlborough. Bath Designated a World Heritage Site in 1987. Bath's importance to world heritage focuses on its remarkably well-preserved Roman remains and baths, which blend seamlessly with elegant 18th-century architecture. Bath is built on the site of England's only natural hot springs. It was the Romans who first tapped into this unique source and constructed a network of luxurious baths. But it's not only the hot baths that make Bath such an incredible place
They mercilessly raided and pillaged coastal towns in Britain. The king of Wessex, Alfred the Great, resisted and defeated the Vikings in 886. A treaty the Danelaw was signed between King Alfred the Great of Wessex and Guthrum, Danish king of East Anglia. England was divided. Later, the Anglo-Saxon dynasty was restored and lasted until 1066. The last famous Saxon king of England was Edward the Confessor. In 1066 at the battle of Hastings the Norman Duke William defeated the Saxon King Harold and was crowned the king of England. In Norman times three languages were spoken: Latin (by the clergy and the university scholars), Norman-French (by the aristocracy and the king), Anglo- Saxon German (by common people). By the 14th century Norman-French and Anglo-Saxon German formed one language called Middle English. Medieval Britain (1066-1485): 1066 the Battle of Hastings between the Anglo-Saxons and the Normans. The Anglo-Saxons
ticked on 31 May 1859. The pendulum is installed within an enclosed windproof box sunk beneath the clockroom. It is 3.9m long, weighs 300 kg and beats every 2 seconds. The clockwork mechanism in a room below weighs 5 tons. · Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. Originally known as, the building which forms the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. · Harrods is London's most famous department store, is named
15. empire ['empaIə] империя emperor император the Emperor Hadrian император Адриан ['heIdriən] NB. Современные титулы, названия должностей, научные и воинские звания и т.п., употребляемые перед фамилией (или перед именем: King John, Prince Charles, Queen Anne, Duke William, Sir Arthur), пишутся с заглавной буквы и без артикля. Например: Field-Marshal Montgomery, Lord Byron, Doctor Watson, Senator Kennedy. 16. defend оборонять defence (US defense) оборона defensive оборонительный 17. Picts пикты Scots скотты 18
ja läks Põhja-Saksamaale Lüübeckisse, kus ta võttis tunde heliloojalt ja organistilt Dietrich Buxtehude`lt. Lübecki reis inspireeris teda ja ta sai entusiasmi. Ta kandideeris Weimari hertsogi kammermuusiku ja organisti kohale.Weimaris töötas ta 1708-1717 aastatel ning kirjutas sel perioodil palju oreliteoseid ja kantaate. Sel perioodil hakkas ta välja töötama Väikest Organumi Raamatut, mis koosnes traditsioonilistest Lutheri koraalidest. Duke Ernst August abiga tutvustati Johann Sebastian Bachile õukonda Anhalt-Cöthen, tulemusena pakuti talle Leopoldi teenistuses õuekapellmeistri kohta.Selles õukonnas puudus orel ja seetõttu Bach keskendus nüüd hoopis rohkem klavessiini- ja orkestrimuusikale. Anhalt-Cöthen õukonnas töötas ta aastatel 1717-1723. Aastal 1723 pakuti talle Leipzigis Toomkiriku kantori ja linna muusikadirektori ametikohta. Ta töötas Toomakooriga,solistide ja ansamblitega ning pidas õppetunde. Johann
klaver ja kitarr. - Sellest alates hakati nooti lugema! Pillimeeste tase tõusis. Solistide osatähtsus kasvas -Tuntud Swingi muusikud: Benny Goodman (Swingi kuningas). Count Basie (säilitas jazzi traditsionaalset nägu, oli oma orkestriga jõulise swingi-stiili esindaja) Glenn Miller (tema orkestri poolt esitatud swing-muusika filmis 'Päikesepaistelise oru serenaad') Cloeman Hawkins (tõi jazz-muusikasse saksofoni! Temas alates sai see üsna armastatud pilliks) Duke Ellington (jazz-muusika omapärasemaid isiksusi, keda ei saa paigutada ühegi kindla stiili raamidesse. Ta on võtnud kõigilt midagi ja samas säilitanud omanäolisuse. Tema üks tuntum pala on nt 'Mood Indogo' BEBOP -Tekkis 40-datel -sõna imiteerib tüüpilist rütmifiguuri, mis esineb antud stiilis. -Stiil ei ole enam sädelev, elegantne tantsumuusika, nagu oli Swing. -väiksemad ansamblid, mis mõjuvad küllaltki lärmakalt. -Pillidega tehakse vilistavaid ja kriiskavaid hääli
Romans developed a number of towns and introduced schools, new language Latin large farms, baths. In AD 410 they had to leave. 11. The battle of hastings. Bayeux Tapestry. On I 4 October 1066 an invading army from Normandy defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings. The battle was close and extremely bloody. At the end of it, most of the best warriors in England were dead , including their leader, King Harold. On Christmas day that year the Norman leader, Duke William of Normandy, was crowned king of England. He is known in popular history as 'William the Conqueror'. The date is remembered for being the last time that England was successfully invaded. The Bayeux Tapestry is technically not a tapestry, but a huge band of embroidered linen, which describes the Norman invasion of England and the events that led up to it. The Tapestry contains 2
A bomb hit the north transept and another destroyed the High Altar which was replaced by one commemorating the dead of the First and Second World Wars. The chapel behind the High Altar, also damaged, was restored. It is called the American Chapel and dedicated to the Americans who died in Britain during the Second World War. St Paul's has been the scene of many great State ceremonies including: · a thanksgiving for the end of the Napoleonic Wars · the Duke of Wellington's funeral · the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer · a service of commemoration and thanks for the life of the Queen Mother · a thanksgiving service, attended by the Queen, as part of her Golden Jubilee celebrations The Whispering Gallery is probably the most famous of St Paul's attractions. Climb up 259 steps into the lower part of the dome and if you whisper on one side of the gallery, someone can hear it on the other side.
Dixieland 20. sajandi II aastakümnel sai alguse nn dixieland-stiil (Dixieland USA lõunaosariikide rahvalik üldnimetus). Mängulaadilt ei erinenud valgete dixieland oluliselt mustade new orleansi jazzist. Original Dixieland Jazz Band Chicago jazz Chicago stiilis suurenes solistide tähtsus, kahanes kollektiivse improvisatsiooni osa, säilides vaid palade alguses ja lõpus. Marsilik rütm asendus sujuvama rütmiga, mis sai hiljem alguseks svingile. Bud Freeman, Duke Ellington, Johnny Hodges, Paul Whiteman. Sving 20. sajandi kolmekümnendate aastate II poolel sai jazz'is valitsevaks sving. Erinevalt seni jazz'is ideaaliks peetud pingelist, kohati rämedast puhkpillikõlast esitati svingi elegantsem õhulise tämbriga. Sving tõi endaga kaasa suurte orkestrite bigbändide võidukäigu. Benny Goodman, Glenn Miller, Charlie Barnet, Bob Crosby, Ella Fitzgerald. Bepob
ja koolikorralduste koostamine, gümnaasiumide ja ülikoolide asutamine) "Usk on kultuuri süda" esitas 1521. aastal esimese luterlaste usu süstemaatilise esituse teose Loci communes (ühised mõisted) Abistas Piibli tõlkimisel Print shows Luther burning papal bull of excommunication, with vignettes from Luther's life and portraits of Hus, Savonarola, Wycliffe, Cruciger, Melanchton, Bugenhagen, Gustav Adolf, & Bernhard, duke of Saxe-Weimar. 1 print : lithograph, color. Lutheri panus haridusse Reformatsioon tõi kaasa rahvakoolide laia leviku ja koos sellega kirjaoskuse kasvu Luther leidis, et andekatele tuleb anda rohkem haridust. Nt lõi kirjaoskuse levik eelduse nii mõnelegi andekale noorele läbimurdeks kõrgemate haridusastmete juurde. Pärast reformatsiooni hakati laiemalt andma haridust ka tütarlastele, peamiselt oli küll siiski tegemist vaid algharidusega
III occupation, influential, execution, restoration. IV ecclesiastical. 2. In ex. 3 at page 20 you had to find some information about those famous people. Alfred the Great (reigned 871-899) Saxon king, a learned man, chose London to be the capital of the country. Edward the Confessor (1042-1066) a weak English king, more interested in ecclesiastical matters, founded Westminster Abbey, wanted to unificate Britain. William the Conqueror (1066-1087) Duke of Normandy, became William I in 1066, built the White Tower, separated the secular from ecclesiastic courts. Henry VIII (1509-1547) encouraged learning, allowed the Bible to be printed in English; had 6 wives, broke away from the Roman Catholic church and founded the Anglican church. Made the crown the spiritual head of the nation. Elizabeth I (1558-1603) daughter of Henry VIII, a very strong woman, Catholics were attacked, Protestants looked on favourably; Mary, Queen of
2.How long did the Norman period last in the British Isles? 1066-1154 3.How did the Norman Conquest take place and what were the events leading to this? Edward the Confessor died and the throne was seized by his leading aristocrat, Harold Godwinson, who was crowned. Almost immediately, Harold faced two invasions - one from the king of Norway, Harald Hardrada, who was supported by Harold Godwinson's brother Tostig, and the other from William, Duke of Normandy. Harold defeated the Norwegian invasion at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in September 1066, but he was defeated and killed shortly afterwards at the Battle of Hastings. The victorious William claimed the throne. 4.What is Domesday book all about ? William the Conqueror started recording England, because he wanted to know how much tax he could raise in order to fund his armies. 5.What do you know about Bayeux Tapestry? It is a long piece of art on cloth about William's journey to
ning muutunud väga populaarseks. 20ndate kuulsamateks jazzmuusikuteks olid Bix Beiderbecke ja Paul Whiteman 1930ndad: Neil aastatel sai alguse swing, mida peetakse ka uueks ajastuks jazzmuusika ajaloos. Sellega kaasnes ka uuenenud jazzorkestri Big Band´i teke. Big bandi koonduvad klarnet, saksofon, trompet, tromboon, klaver, kontrabass ja trummid. Swingiajastul oli väga tähtsal kohal rütm ja swingi kasutati tihtipeale tantsumuusikaks. Sel ajastul said tuntuks mitmed suurkujud nagu Duke Ellington ja Frank Sinatra. 1940ndad: 40ndate jazzi stiiliks oli Bebop. Nii rütm kui ka meloodia olid võrreldes swingiga tunduvalt keerulisemad. Vaadates minevikku, siis võib pidada bebopi küllaltki lärmakaks stiiliks. Kuulsaimad bebopi muusikud olid pianist Thelonius Monk , altsaksofonist Charlie Parker, ja trompetist Dizzy Gillespie. 1950ndad: Alguse sai Free jazz, mille lõi pianist Cecil Taylor. Free jazz vabastas jazzi igasugustest piirangutest (k
ja tutvusid sealse kultuuriga. 3 Jamaica muusika muudatused Suured muudatusel olid tulekul. Ameerikast alguse saanud jazzmuusika levis suure kiirusega üle kogu maailma. Hoolimata suurest vahemaast oli võimalik juba 1940-ndatelJamaical kuulata Memphise, New Orleansi ja Miami raadiojaamu. Jazzipalavikku süvendasid mõned USA-st toodud plaadid. Nimed Duke Ellington ja Count Basie olid inimeste seas üsna tuntud. Saareriigis hakkasid inimeste meelt lahutama omad jazzbändid, näiteks Eric Dean's Orchestra või lauljad Jackie Opel ja Laurel Aitken. Kuid nende populaarus polnud ehtsate Ameerika artistidega võrreldav. Kingstonis tegutsenud Alpha Boys katoliikliku kooli juhtkond oli samuti jazzilembeline ja nõnda asutatigi kooli oma puhkpilliorkester, milles võrsusid näiteks The Skatelites'i liikmed Tomy McCook jaDon Drummond.
· You can take the Scot out of Scotland but never Scotland out of Scot SCOTTISH FOOD AND DRINK Haggis Scotch whisky CASTLES IN SCOTLAND Scone Palace · Ancient crowning venue of Scottish kings and queens · At Scone, sitting on a stone the king archived a mystical union with the past and with the earth. · All British monarch have been crowned on the Stone of Scone Blair Castle · One of the most visited attraction · The Duke of Atholl has welcomed visitors for over 700 years · 32 fully furnished rooms from 16th c. to the present day · owner of the castle is allowed to have a private army (by Queen Victoria in 1844) Linlithgow Palace · Mary Stuart, who became queen when she was six days old was born there · Palace tells the story of all those James and Stuarts lives Ballindalloch · Magnificent 16th c. castle · Since 1546 it has been continuously occupied by the McPherson- Grants family
Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, she continued to perform as a jazz musician, but concentrated primarily on popular music. Rivaled only by Frank Sinatra, her recordings of work by Cole Porter, Ira and George Gershwin, and Rogers and Hart were incredibly successful. One of the early "scat" performers, Fitzgerald found a place among the growing jazz innovators, making recordings with such greats as Billie Holiday, Duke Ellington, and Louis Armstrong. Her true genius, however, was not formal innovation or deeper expression, but artistic renderings of the enthusiastic songs of her time. "I'm very shy, and I shy away from people," Ella once said. "But the moment I hit the stage, it's a different feeling. I get nerve from somewhere; maybe it's because it's something I love to do." More than anything, it is this love of performing that won her the hearts of millions throughout the world. By the 1970s, she
in 1415. His war was as popular as Ed III's had been. The French king was mad & his nobles were quarrelsome. He managed to capture most of Normandy & the nearby areas. By the treaty of Troyes in 1420 Henry was recognised as heir to the mad king & married Katherine of Valois, the king's daughter. But he never became the king of France, he died a few months before the French king. His 9-month-old baby son Henry VI inherited the thrones of England & France. Henry the V's brother John duke of Bedford continued to enlarge the area under English control, but soon the French, inspired by Joan of Arc began to fight back. John of Bedford died in 1435 & with the loss of Cascony in 1453 the Hundred Years War was over. England had lost everything except for the newly captured port of Calais. Henry VI grew up to be simple-minded & book-loving. He hated the warlike nobles & was unsuitable for such a violent society. He was civilised & gentle man. He founded 2 places of
scientific zoo, is the oldest one in the whole world. In 1848, it was opened for people. The London zoo covers 36 acres and there are about 5000 animals in the zoo. The zoo is open every day except Christmas Day. The ticket costs 14 pounds for and adult and 10.75 pounds for a child. St. James's park is famous for its water birds, for example ducks and pelicans. Buckingham palace is near St James's park. The building of the Buckingham palace started in 1703. It was built for the Duke of Buckingham. The house was later bought by King George III for himself and Queen Charlotte. In 1820, King George IV commissioned John Nash to build a State Palace, much of the structure and decoration of which is seen today. Queen Victoria was the first monarch to live in the Palace, from 1837, and it has been the London home of the Royal Family ever since. The Royal Standard flies above the Palace when The Queen is in residence. London is a big cultural centre
Londinium. A bridge was later built across the Thames. Roman London Tribes in England fought the Romans. The Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, burned down Londinium in 61 AD. The Romans later defeated the tribes and restored Londinium. It became the capital of Roman Brittan. A Basilica, forum and fort were built, plus a wall around the city. The Romans ruled until 410. Medieval London After Edward came King Harold in1066. Later that year he was defeated by William, Norman duke. William I was crowned king in Westminster Abbey. In the following years London grew rapidly and by 1300 about 80,000 people lived there. The Black Death killed of 134850 killed about half this population. Tudor London London grew in importance under Tudor rule. King Henry VIII created palaces such as St James's. He is also famous for closing the country's monasteries in 1536, after the Catholic Church refused to grant him a divorce. During the reign
Exhibition. Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace is the London residence and administrative headquarters of the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is often at the centre of state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a focal point for the British people at times of national rejoicing and mourning. Originally known as Buckingham House, the building at the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site that had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. Hampton Court Palace Hampton Court Palace is a royal palace in the town of Hampton, Richmond upon Thames, Greater London, England, 11.7 miles (18.8 kilometres) south west and upstream of central London on the River Thames. Redevelopment began to be carried out in 1515 for Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, a favourite of King Henry VIII
Pikk jalg - in 14th century, connecting upper and lower town, dangerous place, not an easy road; Lühike jalg; in 14th century, belonged to the lower town and only used by pedestrians because it is and was only a stairway street. Due to the conflicts between the merchants in the towns, Wall of Mistrust; all traffic closed at 9pm. St. Nicholas’ Church ● Built in the 13th century, bombed in 1944. Restaurated ever since. Museum of religious architecture, concert hall. The duke Charles Eugene de Croy was taken prisoner by the Swedish king. He died in 1703, but since nobody was willing to pay for his funeral, he remained unbaried. The air conditions of the chapel kept him from rotting, and he became an attraction, remaining on display until 1897, when he was finally buried. Town Hall Square ● Has been a market place and town centre since the Middle Ages.
History of Great Britain Prehistory (55BC) no written records 6th 3rd c. BC the Celts came to British isles hill figures, hill forts, stone circles ( Stonehenge ) RomanBritain (55BC 400AD) Julius Caesar, named the country Albion Hadrian's Wall, villas, roads, the town of Bath The AngloSaxon, Danish and Norman invasions Germanic tribes settled and stayed Anglia Christianity was brought, religion became important, churches were built 8th century = raids by the Vikings and the Danes 1016 1042 : Under Danish rule ( York was the capital ) 1042 : local AngloSaxons regain their rule 1066 : Normans arrive ( the Norman conquest ) Medieval Britain (106615th c.) the Battle of Hastings William the Conqueror a new AngloNorman state the feudal system introduced the rule of the king and church strengthened centralised country, military rule Scotland, Wales and Ire...
nädalavahetustel ja pühade ajal, koos kohaliku bändi nimega Indigon ja 62 aastal lõpetas bakalaureuse kraadiga psühholoogias. Pärast liikus Iowa Ülikooli, et teha oma magistrikraadi Hääle Taastusravi erialal. Hiljem kolis San Franciscosse, et alustada karjääri taastusravi nõustamisega. San Franciscos, Al'i loomulikud muusikalised anded hakkasid kujutama tema tulevikku. Ta leidis end esinemas väikeses jazz klubis koos trioga, eesotsas George Duke ja 60ndate lõpus ta teadis, et teeks laulmisega karjääri. Kolis Los Angelesse ja alustas oma esinemisi sellistes kuulusates ööklubides nagu Dino's, Trubaduur ja Bitter End West. Varsti pärast seda liikus ta New Yorki, kus ta kohtus siseriikliku võrgu televisioonis Johnny Carson, Merv Griffin, David Frost ja Mike Douglas. Al töötas koos kitarrist Julio Martinez'ga ja koomikute John Belushi, Bette Midler, Robert Klein, David Brenner, Jimmie Walker saates ,,The Improv".
"Böhm organ" after its most prominent master, Georg Böhm). Given his innate musical talent, Bach would have had significant contact with prominent organists of the day in Lüneburg, most notably Böhm (the organist at Johanniskirche) as well as organists in nearby Hamburg, such as Johann Adam Reincken. In January 1703, shortly after graduating and failing an audition for an organist's post at Sangerhausen, Bach took up a post as a court musician in the chapel of Duke Johann Ernst in Weimar, a large town in Thuringia. His role there is unclear, but appears to have included menial, non-musical duties. During his seven-month tenure at Weimar, his reputation as a keyboard player spread. He was invited to inspect and give the inaugural recital on the new organ at St. Boniface's Church in Arnstadt. The Bach family had close connections with this oldest town in Thuringia, about 40 km to the southwest of Weimar at the edge of the great forest
· f) Rallimängud · g) seiklusmängud (point and klick) · Other: 3. Millised mängude nimed allolevast nimekirjast on teile tuttavad ? * · a) Call of Duty · b) Darkisiders · c) Star Wars Force Unleashed · d) NBA 2K12 · e) Fifa 12 · f) Age of Empires · g) StarCraft · h) World of Warcraft · i) Fable · j) Battelfield · k) Duke Nukem · l) Super Mario · m) Halo · n) Hitman · o) Tomb Raider · · p) Splinter Cell · q) Monkey Island · r) Doom · s) Unreal Tournament · t) Colin McRae Rally · u) Half-Life · v) Grand Theft Auto · w) Mass Effect · x) Assassin's Creed · y) Need for Speed 4. Mis olid esimesed arvutimängud sinu elus
· Alfred, King of Wessex (at one point there were 7 kingdoms Sussex, Essex, Wessex, Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Kent). Wrote in his native A-S dialect, his greatest work is called ,,The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle". History of England, even more detailed than Bede's. The Norman period / the late Medieval period The Kingdom was more or less unified and was conquered by William who came from Normandy. Originally he was the Duke of Normandy. The Normands were Vikings who had settled in the north of France. William became William the Conqueror, William I. The Normands brought with them a centralised political system which was much more stable than the A-S tribes. Gradually the old A-S elements fused with the new Normand elements. Under the Normands the feudal system flourished. The new aristocracy was mostly Normand, many of them of French origin. Catholicism was the highest law (?). The church unified Europe
The normans · The name derives from "the Northmen" · Descendants of the Vikings · Seized the north-western part of France · The area known as Normandy · Adopted French customs and Christianity · Norman-French (their version of French). 1066 · Edward the Confessor dies in January · Harold Godwinson crowned as king in Westminster Abbey on the same day · Another candidate for the throne William, Duke of Normandy · Gathered an army · Invasion delayed (bad weather) · Harald, king of Norway, invades England from the North · A battle at Stamford Bridge · Harald's army defeated, leaders killed · The end of the Viking Age · The Normans land in Britain (a few days after Stamford Bridge) · The Battle of Hastings · Harold defeated
of his brother, Harold Harefoot. 2 years of conflict followed & eventually Harold Harefoot was acknowledged king. Hardicanute never appeared in person to claim the throne. King Harold I's reign was short & unimpressive. Hardicanute succeeded his half-brother. He was even less attractive than Harold. The English Royal Family was restored in 1042 with Edward the Confessor. His mother had been daughter of the duke of Normandy and he had spent almost all his life in Normandy. He had brought many Normans to his English court. Edward was more interested in the Church than in kingship. He encouraged church building & by the time he died there was a church in almost every village. The pattern of the English village with its manos house & church dates from this time. He started a church at Westminster. He died in 1066 & left no heir. The Witan
Ameerikas sunniti orje töö juures kõnet ja sosinat. Pentatoonika, burdoon, põhiintervallideks kvart ja kvint, heterofooniline, laulma, sest laulmise juures ei saanud orjad rääkida ega ka mitte omavahel kahtlasi plaane välja tonaalsemantiline. haududa. Nii oletab Duke Ellington: "Kartes orjade vaikimist, käskisid isandad neid laulda, et Aafrikas on trummide liike tohutult palju. On mängijale rinnuni ulatuvaid maha toetuvaid püsttrumme, kõrvaldada iga võimalust rahulolematuiks mõtisklusteks või kättemaksu- ja pääsmisplaanide on külili lamavaid, põlvede vahel või kaenla all hoitavaid, rinnal rippuvaid ja süles hoitavaid trumme.
Virginia, stands on soil imported from the United States. This was done in order to honour Washington's declaration he would never again set foot on British soil.[4] In 1888 the statue of General Charles George Gordon was erected. In 1943 the statue was removed and, in 1953, re-sited on the Victoria Embankment. A bust of the Second World War First Sea Lord Admiral Cunningham by Franta Belsky was unveiled in Trafalgar Square on 2 April 1967 by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.[5] The square has become a social and political location for visitors and Londoners alike, developing over its history from "an esplanade peopled with figures of national heroes, into the country's foremost place politique", as historian Rodney Mace has written. Its symbolic importance was demonstrated in 1940 when the Nazi SS developed secret plans to transfer Nelson's Column to Berlin following an expected German invasion, as related by Norman
läbi töö mõjutada ka komisjoni rolli ja tähtsust Euroopa Liidus. Kasutatud kirjandus Elphick, R. (1999) ,,How the European Union works." European Business Journal, Vol. 74, No. 11, 150-153 Hix, S. (2005) The Political system of the European Union. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN. Nicoll, W. and Salmon, T.C. (1990) Understanding the European Communities. Hemel Hempstead: Philip Allan. Nugent, N. (2006) The Government and Politics of the European Union. New York: Duke University Press. Palk, P., Made, V., Simpson, E. ja Jaansalu, L. (2004) Euroopa ühendamise lugu. Kättesaadav: http://www.edk.edu.ee/ul/uEL_opik.pdf, 9. veebruar, 2014 Troitino, D.R. (2013) European integration: building Europe. New York: Nova Science Publishers
architecture, language, politics, law; What is the Bayeux Tapestry? Britain 1066 1485: The Middle Ages. Anglo-Saxon Britain was divided into many small kingdoms. King Alfred the Great of Wessex united most of them under his reign. England became the most powerful kingdom on the Island of Great Britain. Constant warfare with Wales and Scotland till 13th century. Edward the Confessor reigned 1042-1066. No male heir to the throne. William I, Duke of Normandy, later William the Conqueror reigned 1066-1087. Invaded Britain in 1066. The Battle of Hastings. The Bayeux Tapestry is a 50 cm by 70 m long embroidered cloth which depicts the events of the invasion itself. Importance of the Norman Conquest: 1) Norman influence to Anglo Saxon culture 2) New buildings and fortification of England 3) French influences to the English language. French as the language of the ruling classes for nearly 300 years.
Edward the Confessor (1003-1066) Edward was the oldest son of Ethelred II (Ethelred the Unready http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethelred_the_Unready) and Emma of Normandy (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_of_Normandy). He wast he penultimate Anglo-Saxon king of England. The family was exiled in Normandy after the Danish invasion of 1013 so Edward spent the first part of his life in Normandy. He grew up in deep religious views and gained the nickname ''Confessor''. As Edward was seperated from his family and grew up in a strange land, it is said that his childhood wasn't a happy one. After Ethelred's death in 1016 the Danes again took control of England. The ...
Who should be king? When Danish Vikings started raiding westwards, the Saxon King Ethelred started gathering taxes to pay the Vikings so that they wouldn't raid anymore. When he died, Cnut (the leader of Danish Vikings) became king and after his death his son took over, but the also died soon so the Witan quickly gave the throne to Edward one of Saxon Ethelred's son. After his death the next king was Harold from Wessex. He had no claims for the throne so the Duke William of Normandy claimed it to himself. Harold died in the battle of Hastings and the throne went to Wiliam. The Celtic kingdoms Wales By the eight century most of the Celts were driven to welsh peninsula. They were kept out of England by Offa's Dyke a wall built in 779AD The Welsh called themselves cymry. The cymry could only live in the valleys, because the other part of the land was too mountainous. Society was based on
Maavärinad ning nende poolt maailmas tekitatud kahju aastatel 2000-2011 Maarja-Liis Salumäe Audentese e-gümaanisum 2013 Tallinn Maavärinad ja nende poolt maailmas tekitatud kahju aastatel 2000-2011 Maavärin on maapinna lühiajaline järsk kõikumine või rappumine, mis on seismilistest lainetest põhjustatud ning vastavalt tugevusele võivad põhjustada tohutuid kahjustusi ja katastroofe. Maavärina võimsuse hindamiseks kasutatakse Richteri skaalat. Maavärinad võivad toimuda ükskõik kus, kuid ei toimu igal pool sama tihedalt, suurim tõenöosus on maavärina tekkeks seal kus on tektoooniliste laamade liitumiskohad Keskmiselt toimub maal väga tugev maavärin iga kahe aasta tagant. Magnituudiga 9.0-9.9 maavärinate toimumissagedus on kord 20 aasta jooksul, magnituudiga...
ilmumine teadmata allikatest. SPR'i eesmärk tänapäeval on küsitleda ilma eelarvamuse ja esialgse muljeta ja teaduslikus vaimus neid inimese tegelikke või oletatavaid võimeid, mis ilmnevad ning mida ei ole võimalik seletada ühegi tunnustatud hüpoteesiga. 1911.a. sai Stanfordi Ülikool esimeseks akadeemiliseks asutuseks Ühendriikides meeltevälise taju ja psühhokineesi studeerimiseks laborotoorsetes tingimustes. Seda jõupingutust juhatas psühholoog John Edgar Coover. 1930.a. sai Duke Ülikool USA akadeemilistes asutustes tähtsuselt teiseks, et tegeleda meeltevälise taju ja psühhokineesi õpetamisega laborotoorsetes tingimustes. Psühholoog William McDugalli juhendamisel algasid meeltevälise taju laborotoorsed katsetused, kasutades vabatahtlikeks uurimisobjektideks üliõpilasi. Erinevalt neis psüühilistest uuringutest, mis tavaliselt nõudsid kvalitatiivset tõendusmaterjali paranormaalsete nähtuste uurimiseks, pakkus Duke'i Ülikool
segati Aafrika ning Euroopa muusika. Art Blakey(Ameerika jazz-bändi trummar ning bändijuht), on öelnud, et kui poleks Ameerikat, poleks ka jazzi, sest selline muusika on tulnud just USAst. Tegelikult see ei vasta tõele, sest rütmid, madalamalt mängitud toonid, improvisatsioon ning samal ajal mängitud noodid, mis ei lõppe samaaegselt, on päris Euroopast ning Aafrikast. Esitamine: Ühed tuntumad esitajad on Louis (Daniel) Armstrong ning Duke Ellington. Mõlemad neist kahjuks surid 1970´ndatel. Rokkmuusika tipphetk Rokkmuusika tipphetk algas 1960´ndate algul. The Beatles, Briti rokkansambel avaldas suurt mõju ka Ameerika muusikale. Bändi lugu "I Wan´t To Hold Your Hand" oli 1964. aasta algul USAs reklaamitahvlil "Sada kuuma hitti" 45. kohal. Seitsme nädala pärast oli see number 1, kust ei nihkunud lugu 15 nädalat. Suurbritannia omas rokivõimu, seal tekkis üha enam uusi bände. Näiteks
Richard II abdicate and took his reign for his own. This saga lead to a long running dispute between The House of Lancaser and the House of York. King William IV King William IV was king of Great Britain and Ireland from 1830. The King became known as the Sailor King after joining the navy from just 13 years old. During his reign King William IV saw the passing of the infamous Reform Act of 1832. King Edward VI King Edward VI was king but under total protection from his uncle, the Duke of Somerset. King Edward didn't live long, and was a very unhealthy and ill young man. He died at only aged 15. Queens Queen Anne Queen Anne was the daughter of James II and Anne Hyde. Queen Anne was queen of Great Britain and Ireland between 1702 and 1714. Her nickname wasBrandy Nan because of her alleged taste for fine French brandy, she also had the nicknames of Mrs Bull and Mrs Morely. Queen Elizabeth Queen Elizabeth I is famous for lots of achievements during her reign
Henry VI's reign started 1422, but was controlled by regents He wanted to find a peaceful solution to end the Hundred Years' War since the French were becoming much stronger (Joan of Arc) - Married Margaret of Anjou on the condition that Maine and Anjou would be given back to the King of Valois - Lost his sane mind when he heard about the final loss of Bordeaux in 1453 (ending the Hundred Years' War) Meanwhile, the Duke of York was becoming more popular and was appointed as a regent Joan of Arc before her execution in 1431 The Wars of the Roses From 1455, many battles took places ending differently every time, resulting in the throne to go back and forth between the two houses Henry VI was sent to prison in 1461 and the throne went to his cousin, Edward IV from the House of York who reigned until 1483 His brother, Richard of Gloucester was
- Kujunes välja bigbänd, sest vajadus oli võimsamate orkestrite järele. - Bigbändi koosseisu kuulusid kokku 12-17 pillimeest. - Fletcher Henderson: töötas välja arranzeerimisepõhimõtted suurele koosseisule. - Svingiorkestrite pillimehed olid head nooditundjad ja bigbändi muusika kõlab väljapeetult. - Sulasid kokku 2 arengusuunda - orkesteraalne ja solistlik. - Tuntumad muusikud ja orkestrijuhid: Duke Ellington(pianist), Glenn Miller (trombonist), Benny Goodman (klarnetist), Ella Fitzgerald. - Glenn Milleri orkester - saavutused ligilähedal ideaalile. Bebop - Püüti taaselustada New Orleans’i stiili. - 1940 ja taassündis 1970. - Jazz muusika oli mõeldud nüüd kuulamiseks, mitte taustamuusikaks. - Modernse jazz’i algus. - Keerukas meloodia, impro, rütmi ja harmoonilise plaaniga. - Kiired, puhangulised improvisatsioonilõigud.
Is that the Chattanooga Choo-Choo Track twenty nine, Boy, you can give me a shine Psühholoogia vaatenurgast laul sai hümniks sellepärast, et rong, mis sõidab tundmatu Tsatanugusse, seostus stiljagidel vabadusega ja võimaldas vähemalt vaimselt sõita nende unistuste maale- Ameerikasse. Esimeste stiljagide seas olid väga armastatud Duke Ellington`i, Benny Goodman`i ja Eddie Rosner`i neljakümnendatest ja viiekümnendatest aastatest pärit teosed. Põhiliseks muusikaks, mida kuulati, oli mitmekülgne dzäss ja peaaegu iga stiljaga teadis mõnda dzässmuusikut või ise mängis dzässipilli. [ : https://strana-sssr.net ( 10.05.18 ), Vaba entsüklopeedia: Muusika ja tantsud https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F %D0%B3%D0%B8] 3.2. Tantsud
In Britain, peasant farmers were replaced by farms, tiny strips of land were replaced by huge fields enclosed by hedges, so stray animals couldn't ruin the crops or mix with improved breeds of sheep and cattle. This agricultural revolution left large numbers of the population landless, but also led to the massive increase in agricultural production. Admiral Nelson defeated Napoleon and his troops in the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, where he also died. Duke of Wellington ended Napoleon Bonaparte's dreams of world dominance in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Captain James Cook changed the map of the world, discovering many unknown lands like Australia, New Zealand and Tonga. British overseas colonies increased and the country became wealthier. Britain exporter coal, cloth, guns and other manufactured products. Imports included cotton, sugar, tobacco and tea. The Industrial Revolution
- Diabetes human ESC grown in cell culture may be stimulated to form insulin- producing cells, that can be lately transplanted into patient - Stem cells from umbilical cord blood are used to re-educate a diabetic`s own T cells The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors · Robert J. Lefkowitz · Born: April 15, 1943 (age 69) · Alma mater: Columbia University · Institutions: Duke University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute · Notable awards: National Medal of Science (2007); Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2012) · Brian K. Kobilka · Born: University of Minnesota Duluth; Yale University · Institutions: Standford University; Duke University Notable awards: Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2012 · 1968 identification of -adrenergic receptor · 1980 general mechanism for receptor activation. Ternary complex model.
technology, epic, drama, poem, tragedy, comedy, theatre, epilogue, prologue, methaphor CELTIC- welsh, walloon, wallnut, bannock, bin, brock, badger, caln, whiskey, lock, slogan, arthur, donald and mac. SCANDIAVIAN- take, taken, grasp, seire, catch, call, cast, hit, trive, want, raise, indow, husband, fellow, gate, sky, ski, skirt, skin, plought, ill, ugly, law, thrall, beck, tharp, breed, orientering and sorgasbord FRENCH- law, culture, fashion, religion, odour, slent, king, queen, lord, lady, duke, dutchess, baron, count, countess, page, marquise, prima, leisure, cards, chess, conversation, sport, veal, beef, mutton, venison, brown, parta, ham, gammon, question, mount, vapour, valentine, lediac, lone SPAIN- armada, comrade, renegade, flotilla, don, negro, cockroach, embargo, mosquito, vanilla, cargo, sombrero, siesta, anchovie, bonito, castanet, bonanza, salsa, cafeteria, canyon, cigar, cocoa, chocolate, tomato, cannibal, canoe, maize, potato, avocado, female, tobacco,
Fifteenth century Florence was an exciting place to be. At that time the city was independent and had a population of about 60,000 . Leonardo da Vinci (1452--1519) was one of the most famous people of the Renaissance period. He was not only a famous painter but also studied science, designed machines and drew plans for new inventions. Young Leonardo grew up near Florence and studied painting with the great painters of the city. After a few years in Milan, where he painted for a famous duke ,he came back to Florence and painted a new hall for the city council. In his paintings da Vinci experimented with many techniques that artists hadn't used before. For example, he started to use perspective in his paintings. He put small objects in the background to make them appear far away. He also experimented with light, shade and colours. Da Vinci finished painting The Last Supper in 1497. The painting shows the last meal of Jesus Christ and his 12 apostles
Elizabeth declared her intentions bishop of Carlisle. to her Council and other peers who had come to Hatfield to swear allegiance. Marriage questions From the start of Elizabeth's reign, it was expected that she would marry and the question arose whom. She never did, although she She considered several suitors until received many offers for her hand; she was about fifty. Her last courtship the reasons for this are not clear. was with François, Duke of Anjou, 22 Historians have speculated that years her junior. Thomas Seymour had put her off While risking possible losing of sexual relationships, or that she power like her sister, who played into knew herself to be infertile. the hands of King Phillip II of Spain,
tulemusi. Pilt 1 (http://byte-gs.ru/index.php?pageid=2, autor puudub, 10.04.2015) 4 3. MILLEST KÕIK ALGAS JA MIS ON PRAEGU? Nüüd heidame pilku eSport’i ajalukku. Millest see kõik algas? Muidugi algus oli siis, kui ilmusid esimesed kohalikud ühendused, mis andid mängijatele võimaluse võidelda üksteisega virtuaalses maailmas. Kõige populaarsemad mängud tol ajal olid Warcraft 2, Duke Nukem ja loomulikult Quake, mida võib nimetada eSport'i esiisaks. Tol ajal oli võimatu määrata parim: turniirid, mida korraldati, olid väikesed, arvutiklubides ja ilma sponsorluseta, vaid ainult mängijate toetusega. Täpselt sellel ajal hakkasid tekkima tänapäevaste meeskondade esiisad - klannid, mis tegelevad tänases MMORPG's. Pilt 2 (http://www.sports.ru/tribuna/blogs/spcdota/, autor puudub, 10.04.2015)
Kuuauto Kuu orbiidil tiirlev Alfred Worden asus lennu ajal rekordilisel kaugusel lähimast inimesest. David Scott ja James Irwin olid Kuul, tema aga Apollo 15 juhtmoodulis neist 3596,4 km kaugusel. 2.7. Apollo 16 Apollo 16 oli kosmoselaev, mis sooritas Apollo programmi viienda Kuul maandunud lennu 16.-27. aprill 1972. Apollo 16 meeskonda kuulusid komandör John W. Young, juhtimismooduli Casper piloot T. Kenneth Mattingly II ja kuumooduli Orion piloot Charles M. Duke. Erinevalt eelmistest Apollo lendudest laskus Apollo 16 kuumoodul mägisele alale. Young ja Duke väljusid Kuu pinnale kolm korda, veetes seal kokku 20 tundi. Kuuautoga läbisid nad 27 km, kiirusega kuni 13 km/h. Koguti kokku 94,7 kg kivimiproove. Apollo 16 jättis Kuu orbiidile väikese tehiskaaslase, mis jäi orbiidile 34 päevaks ja uuris peamiselt magnetvälju ja päikesetuult. Teel tagasi Maale käis Ken Mattingly avakosmoses.
· Hääled, kui neid on rohkem kui üks, liiguvad paralleelselt. · Siitpeale hakkab soolo tähtsus jazzis pidevalt kasvama. 20 · Suurenes solistide osakaal, kahanes kollektiivse improvisatsiooni osa, säilides vaid pala alguses ja lõpus. · Marsilik rütm asendus sujuvama rütmiga, mis hiljem sai aluseks svingile. Nimetada võib pianist Duke Ellingtoni (1899- 1974) ja Fletcher Hendersoni (1898- 1952) juhatusel tegutsenud orkestreid. Ellington oli ka kõigi aegade viljakamaid ja mõjukamaid jazziheliloojaid. Hendersoni arranzeeringud panid aluse suurte sving orkestrite repertuaarile. Ta jagas orkestri pilligruppideks ja lõi nende efektse vastandamisega täiesti uue orkestristiili. Tema orkestris mängis tenorsaksofoni Coleman Hawkins (1904- 1969) , tänu kellel sai "näuguvast" saksofonist tõsiseltvõetav soolopill.
The park is divided in two by the Serpentine Lake. The park was the site of The Great Exhibition of 1851, for which the Crystal Palace was built. Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the king or queen of England. The palace is a setting for state occasions and royal entertaining and a major tourist attraction. It has been a rallying point for the British people at times of national rejoicing and crisis. Originally known as Buckingham House, the building was built for the Duke of Buckingham in the 18 th century and acquired by King George III as a private residence. It was enlarged over the next 75 years, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Chinatown Located in between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, it is a self- contained jumble of shops, cafes and restaurants that makes up one of London's most distinct and popular ethnic enclaves. Few of a London's 80,000 Chinese actually live in the three small blocks of Chinatown.
annaabi.ee 
Sisene Facebook'ga
Sisene Google'ga
Sisene LinkedIn'ga
