Jellied meat A traditional Estonian dish - boiled pork with vegetables in jelly. The jelly is made by boiling the pig bones, sometimes trotters and heads. Estonians eat jellied meat at Christmas time, on Shrove Tuesday, New Year's Eve and at Easter. Dairy products or milk products Milk is called "piim" in Estonian Mostly use cow milk but also horse and goat milk as everyday food. The development of Estonian milk industry began in the 19th century. Nowadays it is one of the most important lines of production in Estonian farming. Interesting facts about dairy products The 2.5% milk can only be marketed in Estonia. (in Europe) Estonians eat 1.10 kg cheese 2.2 kg butter 3.74 kg milk .....per year Soured milk
Magical people Timeless elements: recurrent features: strong heroes, fortunate peasants, beautiful princesses, and wicked stepmothers (or stepfathers) 7. Where do the oldest fairy tales come from? The oldest known written fairy tales stem from ancient Egypt, c. 1300 BC (ex. The Tale of Two Brothers) 8. When did fairy tales come to be associated with CL? In the 19th and 20th centuries the fairy tale came to be associated with children's literature. 9. What is the difference between legends/ballads and fairy tales? Unlike legends and epics, fairy tales usually do not contain more than superficial references a. to religion b. and actual places, persons, and events c. they take place "once upon a time" rather than in actual times 10. What are the most common fairy tale starters?
Jah, terves maailmas pole midagi, mida ma selle eest ei annaks. Ma annaksin selle eest oma hinge!" (Chapter 2, p. 24) He gets his wish, and the picture shows the gradual deformation of his soul. One of the themes in this book was probably Basil's love to Dorian. He told Harry that he can't be happy without seeing Dorian and later on confessed that he also worshipped Dorian. Beside this, the purpose of art is largely discussed about. The action takes place in the late 19th century in England, London. A lot of action took place at Dorian's and Basil's home. The story is mostly told from Dorian's point of view by a third person, but there was a part where it seemed like Wilde himself was retelling the story. The tone of the book is shocking and immoral and it made the overall mood of the story a little bit revolting and dark. The main charachter in this book is of course Dorian Gray. He is an ideal of beauty and this makes him arrogant
sending Bosie a deeply moving epic letter, "De Profundis", explaining why he could never see him again. Love, passion, obsession and loneliness combined however to defeat prudence and discretion. Despite the certain knowledge that their relationship was doomed, Oscar was unable to resist temptation and he and Bosie were reunited, with disastrous consequences. So Oscar Wilde was an Irish writer of the 19th century, whose best-known play was The Importance of Being Earnest and Oscar Wilde had very interesting life. "In this world there are only two tragedies. One is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it." - Oscar Wilde Kasutatud kirjandus: · http://www.oscarwilde.com/story.html · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Wilde · http://www
Cheap labour Slaves Primary seaports in Charleston and South Carolina · Westward expansion 1803 President Thomas Jefferson sent a secret message to Congress calling for a expedition in the west. (Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean) France owned the territory Bought for 15,000,000 Dollars ´´Free Land´´ to attract people there Gangs robbed travellers. Mexiacan origin California Gold Rush of 1849 (80,000) · Manifest Destiny is a term that was used in the 19th century to designate the belief that the United States was destined, even divinely ordained, to expand across the North American continent, from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific Ocean. · The influence of frontier on the development of American character Thanksgiving Religious freedom Obsession with business and wealth Green cards ´´No´´ discrimination Men hunt and fight for new land, women raise children IV Independence
In 1219 Henricus de Lettis wrote about the Lyndanise stronghold of the Rävala people. On 13 June that year King Waldemar II of Denmark came to conquer north Estonia. The Estonians lost the battle and the Danse renamed the town Reval, as it was the centre of the ancient Estonian province of Rävala. The Estonian, however, rejected the name and began to call the city Taani linn, the Estonian for Danish castle. Tallinn's economy started to boom in the 19th century with the emergence of machine- building, woodworking and textile industries. A railroad was built in 1870, linking the city to St. Petersburg. From that time Estonia maintained close ties with Russia. From 1918 to 1940 Tallinn was the capital of the Republic of Estonia. It was then that Tallinn became the official name of the town.
the basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 3,05 m elevated track. In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained its bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each "basket" or point scored. In January 1892 there was also the first official competition with nine players which ended at 1-0; the shot was made fron 7,6 m on a court just half the size of a present-day court. Basketball was spread from USA to Asia, Europe and South America. At the end of the 19th century began professional basketball. (Wikipedia 29.05.2011) I played basketball first time when I was only 5 years old. There was cart table in my home and I spent all my summers throwing ball to basket. I continued to play basketball at school and I started going basketball training. Basketball has influenced me in several ways. At the beginning I wasn't able to move around without watching the ball, but for now it's the easiest thing ever
its collections open to the public free of charge. The most visited of the Smithsonian museums in 2007 was the National Museum of Natural History located on the National Mall. 3. The National Gallery of Art is located on the National Mall near the Capitol, but is not a part of the Smithsonian Institution. It is instead wholly owned by the U.S. government; thus admission to the gallery is free. The gallery's west wing features the nation's collection of American and European art through the 19th century. The east wing, designed by architect I. M. Pei, features works of modern art. The Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Portrait Gallery are often confused with the National Gallery of Art when they are in fact entirely separate institutions. The National Building Museum, located near Judiciary Square, was chartered by Congress and hosts temporary and traveling exhibits. 4.There are many private art museums in the District of Columbia, which house major
North and the slavery South. The biggest problem was the issue of slaves and due to that the Civil War broke out in 1861. President Abraham Lincoln tried hard to unite the country again. Though both sides were strong, the North had more men, more factories and stronger leaders. In 1865 the South accepted the loss. Lincoln was shot in 1865 and the next president wasn't strong enough to unite the country, so problems weren't solved. During the 19th century many people went to live in the west. To people of today the West comes to us through fun cowboys who in reality were hard-working men. They disappeared when the government gave them land and from 1862 to 1900 they became farmers. The farms that in the beginning were lonely, were brought together by the railway built in 1869. In the 15th century there were about two million Indians in America but due to
country but there was a big difference between the free North and the slavery South. The biggest problem was the issue of slaves and due to that the Civil War broke out in 1861. President Abraham Lincoln tried hard to unite the country again. Though both sides were strong, the North had more men, more factories and stronger leaders. In 1865 the South accepted the loss. Lincoln was shot in 1865 and the next president wasn't strong enough to unite the country, so problems weren't solved.During the 19th century many people went to live in the west. To people of today the West comes to us through fun cowboys who in reality were hard-working men. They disappeared when the government gave them land and from 1862 to 1900 they became farmers. The farms that in the beginning were lonely, were brought together by the railway built in 1869.In the 15th century there were about two million Indians in America but due to diseases brought by Europeans and
Baron Pierre de Coubertin (January 1, 1863-September 2, 1937), born as Pierre de Frédy, was a French pedagogue and historian, but is best known as the founder of the modern Olympic Games. He was born in Paris into a French aristocratic family. As a young man he was an avid sportsman with rowing being one of his favourites, also practicing the sports of boxing, fencing and horse-riding. Influenced by the social, political and scientific events of the late 19th century and his substantial education, Coubertin developed a passionate belief that sport possessed a power to benefit humankind and encourage peace among the nations of the world. He refused the military career planned for him by his family, as well as renouncing a promising political career. De Coubertin was inspired by his visits to British and American colleges and universities, and set out to improve education. He thought part of this improvement
" Read her whole letter inside... "Our first day of production of the pilot was on my 16th birthday. I remember Dan saying, `some girls get a car for their 16th birthday, but I just thought I'd give you a TV show'. We all laughed and we then started our very first table read. It was all so exciting. At the end of the table read, they surprised me with a big birthday cake, flowers and balloons. It was a moment I'll never forget. That moment happened Feb. 19th, 2009. "The show aired in March of 2010 right after the Kids Choice Awards and we debuted to record numbers for the network. I remember it like it was yesterday. So, here we are, Feb. 2nd and it's almost three years later and we are showing our final episode, titled, `Victori-yes'. The cast and I have had so many incredible memories together and we are so touched by the outpouring of support from all of you. The cast and I really do wish we had a proper finale, but it wasn't to be.
part of the Livonian Confederation. After the Livonian War, Estonia became part of the Swedish Empire from the 16th century to 1710/1721, when it was ceded to the Russian Empire as the result of the Great Northern War. Throughout this period the Baltic German nobility enjoyed autonomy, where the language of administration and education was German. • The Estophile Enlightenment Period 1750–1840 led to the Estonian national awakening in the middle of the 19th century. In the aftermath of World War I and the Russian revolutions, the Estonian Declaration of Independence was issued in February 1918. The Estonian War of Independence ensued on two fronts between the newly proclaimed state and Bolshevist Russia to the east and the Baltic German forces (the Baltische Landeswehr) to the south, resulting in the Tartu Peace Treaty recognising Estonian independence in perpetuity. • In 1939-1940, Estonia was occupied and (according to e.g
One of the earliest known serial killers was Gilles de Rais, who terrorized his community in the 15th century. The man "raped, mutilated, and murdered an estimated 150 children (though some estimates put that number over 800)" over the course of about 20 years (4). He was executed in 1440 as perhaps one of the world's earliest serial killers. I mentioned Jack the Ripper earlier as perhaps one of the most famous historical serial killers. His exploits in 19th century London were the basis for a surge in public interest into serial killing. In the 1920s there were two films based on stories of serial killing. In the 2000s, more than 300 of the released films were based on serial killers, fictional and historical alike. (5) III. The psychology of serial killers "But she or he was a kind, sympathetic person!" is a common cry after ruling that someone is guilty of serial murder, because serial killers are normal people. There are lots
(a tale of adventure), many short stories, including The Man Who Would Be King (1888); and his poems, including Mandalay (1890), Gunga Din (1890), and If-- (1910).He is regarded as a major "innovator in the art of the short story"; his children's books are enduring classics of children's literature; and his best works speak to a versatile and luminous narrative gift. Kipling was one of the most popular writers in English, in both prose and verse, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1907, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first English language writer to receive the prize. Among other honours, he was sounded out for the British Poet Laureateship and on several occasions for a knighthood, all of which he declined. Later in life Kipling came to be recognized as a "prophet of British imperialism." Many saw prejudice and militarism in his works, and the resulting controversy about him continued for much of the 20th century
joined the European Economic Community. The Troubles in Northern Ireland led to much unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s, which subsided following a peace deal in 1998. The population of the island is slightly under 6 million (2006), with 4.2 million in the Republic of Ireland and an estimated almost 1.75 million in Northern Ireland. This is a significant increase from a modern historical low in the 1960s, but still much lower than the peak population of over 8 million in the early 19th century, prior to the Great Famine. The name Ireland derives from the name of the Celtic goddess Ériu (in modern Irish, Éire) with the addition of the Germanic word land. Most other western European names for Ireland, such as French Irlande, derive from the same source. A satellite picture of Ireland The history of Ireland began with the first known settlement in Ireland around 8000 BC, when hunter-gatherers arrived from Great Britain and
where four large peninsulas (Juminda, Pärispea, Käsmu and Vergi) are separated from each other by four bays (Kolga, Hara, Eru and Käsmu.) Lahemaa translates roughly as "Land of Bays". 8. Kadriorg Palace Catherinethal ("Catherine's valley") is a Petrine Baroque palace of Catherine I of Russia in Tallinn, Estonia. It was built after the Great Northern War to Nicola Michetti's. Catherinethal was abandoned by Russian royalty throughout the late 18th and 19th centuries. In the 1930s Konstantin Päts, Estonia's first president, embarked on extensive and controversial restorations with the aim of transforming the park and the palace into his private domain. 5 9. Kõpu Lighthouse Kõpu Lighthouse is one of the best known symbols and tourist sights on the Estonian island of Hiiumaa. It is one of the oldest lighthouses in the world, having been in continuous use since its completion in 1531
protecting it. Charterhouse of Parma is Stendhal's other masterpiece. It fuses elements of Renaissance chronicles, fictional and historical sources, recent historical events (the Napoleonic regime in Italy, the Battle of Waterloo, the Austrian occupation of Milan), and an imaginative, almost dreamlike transposition of contemporary reality into fictional terms. The novel is set mainly in the court of Parma, Italy, in the early 19th century. Fabrice del Dongo, a young aristocrat and ardent admirer of Napoleon, goes to Paris to join the French army and is present at the Battle of Waterloo. He returns thereafter to Parma and enters the church for worldly advantage under the sponsorship of his aunt, the Duchess de Sanseverina, who is the mistress of the chief minister of Parma, Count Mosca. Following an affair with an actress, Fabrice kills a rival, is imprisoned, escapes, and is pardoned. In prison Fabrice falls in
during the period of Romanticism. He believed that spiritual reality lies hidden behind the visible world of the senses and he attempted to create a symbolic language to represent his spiritual visions. He began printing his own illustrated poems in colour in 1787. The first example was Songs of innocence(1789). Towards the end of his life, he joined a circle of younger artists who appreciated his remarkable powers. It was not until the late 19th century that Blake's work achieved general attention. He was extremely prolific and his prints, illustrations, and paintings can be found in several important public collections in England and the USA. Agatha Christie · Agatha Christie (1890-1976)was an English detective story writer.As an extraordinarily popular author, Christie wrote over 80 books, most of them featuring one of her two famous detectives; Hercule Poirot, an egotistical Belgian,
· Mary Queen of Scots claimed the English throne of Elizabeth I · She wanted to see the end of Protestantism but lost her Scottish throne · She was executed for treason in 1587 · In the 16th c. many Scots joined the Presbyterian church · James VI was the King of both countries, the crowns were united · In 1745, Bonnie Prince Charlie tried to seize the throne · The end of dreams of freedom for Scots · Major changes in the late 18th and 19th c. · Highland Clearances farmers were deprived of their land, filled with sheep instead · Fast development of coal mining, steel production and shipbuilding · Bridges, railways, canals · In 1950 the Nationalists stole the Stone of Scone from Westminster Abbey and took it back to Scotland · Important part of British Coronation since 13th c. · In 1979 the British Government decided to allow Scotland to establish a separate assembly
Eli Whitney Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, on December 8, 1765, the eldest child of Eli Whitney Sr., a prosperous farmer. At age fourteen he operated a profitable nail manufacturing operation in his father's workshop during the Revolutionary War.[2] Because his stepmother opposed his wish to attend college, Whitney worked as a farm laborer and schoolteacher to save money. He prepared for Yale at Leicester Academy (now Becker College) and under the tutelage of Rev.Elizur Goodrich of Durham, Connecticut he entered the Class of 1789. Whitney expected to study law but, finding himself short of funds, accepted an offer to go to South Carolina as a private tutor. Instead of reaching his destination, he was convinced to visit Georgia. Georgia was a magnet for New Englanders seeking their fortunes. He invented the cotton gin, which was the beginning of his success. After he f...
When (in which centuries) were the following ages: Elizabethian, Georgian, Victorian. Characterise each of them (2 3 sentences). Elizabethian time started in the middle of 16th century and ended in the beginning of 17th century. During Elizabeth I reign, England became independent of the Pope in religious matters, England's overseas expansion began. It was a prosperous period. Georgian time was from the beginning of 18th century to 19th century. It was a time of immense social change. Many reforms were done. Victorian age was from 1837-1901. It was a time of prosperity. Industry grew and British Empire evolved. 6. What was the idea of Anglicanism? Calvinism? Anglicalism is not so very different from Catholicism in its organisation and ritual. But in the lowlands of Scotland it took a more idealistic form. Calvinism with its strict insistence on simplicity and its dislike of ritual and
During the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) Napoleon blocked sea "roads" to prevent the importation of sugar ships. As a result, the sugar cane began to look for replacements. Found that sugar beet can be separated. Beet-sugar was very low at that time, however, and sugar prices rose. After the Napoleonic wars the French abandoned the stock trades under the control of sugar cane, and became available again. Beet-sugar production died. The situation changed again, however, if the 19th mid-century, slavery was abolished, cheap labor has disappeared, and the price of sugar rose again. By that time, was bred to sugar beet and sugar cane had reached the same level. Was about to begin an entirely new chapter in the history of the sugar. However, from more than half the world cane sugar production continues today.
year 9. Different forms of the relative pronoun ,,The man what lives there."/ ,,The man as lives there." 10. Regularisation of reflexive pronouns myself; herself; hisself; theirselves 11. Distinction between main and auxiliary verb ,,do" ,,You done it, did you?" 2) The spread of English. The Inner / Outer / Expanding Circle THE SPREAD OF ENGLISH · 16-18th century the spread took place. · By the beginning of the 19th century English had spread to virtually every part of the world. · 19-20th century the number of speakers only grew. The growth was achieved by covering more land, exploring more land, going west, and accepting new immigrants from other places of the world. The spread of English also brought political growth and the spread of power. Besides the number of countries, it also grew from the economic and military might and strength of the people
4. The Victorian novel and Charles Dickens · What kind of trend is literary realism? Literary realism is the accurate observation of individual problems and social relationships. · What were the main issues that the Victorian novel dealt with? The Victorian novel dealt with the economic and social changes that the Industrial Revolution had created, mass migration of workers to industrial towns(people lived in new urban slums), more radical changes in the 19th century, democratization resulting from extension of the franchise(valimisõigus), challenges to religious faith, advances on the field of science (scientific knowledge) evolution; one of the main issues was changes in the role of women. · What were the four controversies that concerned the Victorian novelists? Describe them briefly. Name some representatives and their works of each of the controversies. Religion and evolution Charles Darwin(religious doubt)
Economy of Estonia The economic growth during the recent years has been very fast. The Estonian economy is diverse industry and transport, as well as commerce and different branches of services are all equally important. Due to the available natural resources Estonian economy largely relies on the branches related to the forest; Estonian energy sector is based on oil shale. Finland and Sweden are the most important trade partners. The Estonian economy profits significantly from the business generated by more than 2 million tourists a year. The important sectors of the Estonian economy are the processing, transport, warehousing and communications, commerce and estate, rental and letting, as well as business services, agriculture, construction and government, education and health care. In order to be able to import all the products and services, something must be exported, that's why export holds such a prominent posit...
MASS MEDIA By ''mass media '' we intend to those means of communication which can reach large or mass audiences. The most important are probably Television, Radio, the Press and Internet. The English-speaking peoples have always allowed more freedom of speech and of the press than most other countries. This gave them an advantage from the start in communications. The ground work for mass communications in the 20th century was laid in the 19th century by two inventions which allowed people to communicate by wire. These were the electric telegraph and the telephone. The telegraph was invented in Britain in 1837. They were being used in the Civil war. It allowed messages to be sent electrically over telegraph wires. This was much faster and more reliable than sending messages by horse messenger. the telephone was invented In 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. The first radio broadcasts were transmitted in the USA in 1916
Asked to be buried at the threshold of the church, so that people as they kneel to pray upon entering, might eventually save his soul from his sinful ways. The viewing platform ● Tallinn was granted Lybeck City rights in 1248. Town can be divided into two: Upper town (Toompea Hill) - Tallinn’s rulers, gentry and the clergy; and the Lower Town - other citizens. The two parts remained separated until the end of the 19th century. ● In 1285 joined the Hansaetic Leaque. ● Runaway serfs, managed to hide (baron Uexkyll in 1535, he had his escaped peasant captured and tortured to death, and because of that, he himself was executed) St. Olaf’s Church ● Built in 13th century; legend of the name; wanted to seem powerful, 124 metres tall. The Short and the Long Leg ● Two streets leading up to the Toompea Hill - The Short and the Long Leg, that is why some say that the town is limping
1453, the year of the fall of Constantinople, could look back from his fiftieth year on a lifetime in which about eight million books had been printed, more perhaps than all the scribes of Europe had produced since Constantine founded his city in A.D. 330. 6/15 Modern world Steam-powered printing presses became popular in the early 19th century. These machines could print 1,100 sheets per hour, but workers could only set 2,000 letters per hour. Monotype and linotype typesetting machines were introduced in the late 19th century. They could set more than 6,000 letters per hour and an entire line of type at once. The centuries after the 15th century were thus spent on improving both the printing press and the conditions for freedom of the press through the gradual relaxation of restrictive censorship laws. See
United Kingdom, and the largest metropolitan area in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, London's history goes back to its founding by the Romans. Since its foundation, London has been part of many movements and phenomena throughout history, including the English Renaissance, the Industrial Revolution, and the Gothic Revival.The city's core, the ancient City of London, still retains its limited medieval boundaries; but since at least the 19th century, the name "London" has also referred to the whole metropolis that has developed around it. Today the bulk of this conurbation forms the London region of England and the Greater London administrative area, with its own elected mayor and assembly. London is one of the world's most important business, financial and cultural centres and its influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion and the arts contributes to its status as a major global city.Central London is the
History of Great Britain Prehistory (55BC) no written records 6th 3rd c. BC the Celts came to British isles hill figures, hill forts, stone circles ( Stonehenge ) RomanBritain (55BC 400AD) Julius Caesar, named the country Albion Hadrian's Wall, villas, roads, the town of Bath The AngloSaxon, Danish and Norman invasions Germanic tribes settled and stayed Anglia Christianity was brought, religion became important, churches were built 8th century = raids by the Vikings and the Danes 1016 1042 : Under Danish rule ( York was the capital ) 1042 : local AngloSaxons regain their rule 1066 : Normans arrive ( the Norman conquest ) Medieval Britain (106615th c.) the Battle of Hastings William the Conqueror a new AngloNorman state the feudal system introduced the rule of the king and church strengthened centralised country, military rule Scotland, Wales and Ire...
German style with a robust contrapuntal technique, an unrivalled control of harmonic and motivic organisation, and the adaptation of rhythms, forms and textures from abroad, particularly from Italy and France. Bach's abilities as an organist were highly respected throughout Europe during his lifetime, although he was not widely recognised as a great composer until a revival of interest and performances of his music in the first half of the 19th century. He is now regarded as the supreme composer of the Baroque, and as one of the greatest of all time. Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Saxe-Eisenach. He was the youngest child of Johann Ambrosius Bach, the director of the Stadtpfeifer or town musicians, and Maria Elisabeth Lämmerhirt. His father taught him to play violin and harpsichord. His uncles were all professional musicians, whose posts ranged from church organists and court chamber musicians to composers.
Throughout this period Donne was tormented by the question of his religion, in 1593 decided to convert to the Protestant faith. In 1601 he was elected Member of Parliament. He wrote essays and pamphlets condemning the Church of Rome. Donne wrote poetry exclusively for personal pleasure. His use, for example, of religious imagery in love poems and images of physical love in religious poetry shocked his contemporaries, and his work was not widely appreciated in the 18th and 19th c. His reputation grew at the beginning of the 20th c, when his passionate, dramatic poetry became popular again, and it is only since then that he has been widely recognised as one of the great poets of the English language. JOHN MILTON (1608-1674) born in London, wealthy family, smart. Political views : supporter of Cromwell and Parliament. He eventually went totally blind. Phase I: Early poems and a masque. Phase II: Prose writings. Phase III: Poetic masterpieces.
• trade • drug manuf., • slavery aka the 3. projects hiking etc • communications • manufacturing largest city of • gambling • mining, microelectronics nation) (Vegas) lumbering, in the 19th farmes • arts (Santa grazing etc century produced a Fe) • Hollywood manufacturers bundance • Silicon and clothing, harvest of Valley
George I from Gremany- unpopular because people didnt know or trust him Geroge II stayed in England and participated in everyday lide George III was born in England. The american colonies were lost 1789 The French Revolution. The end of monarchy in France. In endland they were very cautious and no reforms followed. New middle class appeared with banks and merchants 1775 James Watt reinvented the steam engine The 19th Century Most important american colonies were lost in war of independence In the beginning of the century at war with France By the end of the century Britain controlled the biggest empire in the world The british culture and way of life and language came to predominate in Ireland 1840 the potato crop failed and there was a huge famine in ireland Another part of the empire was made up of acnada, australia and new
opportunity to pay them some respect and the same time get rid of them. HoL is like a forum, since they don't depend on parties they can bring some matter to the public that the Parliament has been ignoring. Plus they discuss new laws much more in details. The system of elections Originally the members of the House of Commons is nobody's concern, because every member is a representator for one part of the kingdom. In the 19th century laws were passed of how the elections are to take place. The tradition remains- each MP represents a particular locality and that makes the system easy. Country is divided into constituencies with almost equal amount of people. Somebody who wants to become a candidate must decleare him/herself there. On polling day each voter is given a ballot paper with the candidate names on it and they make a cross next to the person they vote for. The candidate with the most
The Kirk = the Church of Scotland is Presbyterian in its structure, governed by a system of local, regional and national 'courts' or councils. 'Presbyterian' government refers to the sharing of authority in the church by an equal number of 'elders' (elected from the membership of the church) and ministers. Evangelical = low church The Low Church movement can trace its roots back to the early 18th century but is primarily associated with the opposition to the Anglo-Catholic movement of the later 19th century. Low Church placed great emphasis on preaching, personal piety and the authority of scripture and gave much less importance to the orders of priesthood and episcopacy. Anglo-Catholic = high church High Church is the older of the two terms and was first applied in the late 17th century to those individuals who were opposed to the Puritan wing of the Church of England. It is first and foremost associated with the Anglo-Catholic movement of the later 19th century (from 1833 onwards)
Deadlift Each competitor is allowed three attempts on each lift. The lifter's best valid attempt on each lift counts toward his competition total. Competitors are judged against other lifters of the same gender, weight class, and age. Powerlifting requires specialized training techniques that are focused on strength and explosive power. Traditional training methods dictated low repetitions with maximal weight. History Started to develop in the late 19th century, when weightlifting was just beginning to develop as a sport . Led by the United States and Great Britain, the International Powerlifting Federation (IPF) was founded in 1973 and held the first world championships that year. That spurred the establishment of the European Powerlifting Federation in 1974. Currently, the IFP has more than 70 member countries, while something over 20 countries belong to the WPC. Bench press
As more and more settlers arrived, conflicts over land led to several wars between the British and Maori in the North Island. The South Island remained rather peaceful until in 1863 gold was found there, and thousands of people hurried to New Zealand to look for gold. New Zealand became a separate colony in 1841. In 1907, New Zealand became an independent Dominion, and a fully independent nation in 1947. British culture dominated New Zealand life throughout the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries. However, since World War II, New Zealand has moved towards its own unique national identity and place in the world. New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. Queen Elizabeth II is Queen of New Zealand. In 1893, New Zealand was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote. New Zealand's economy has traditionally been based on exports from its very efficient agricultural system
The Great Plague in 1665 C. The Great Fire of London in 1666 In my opinion it was a negative century for the people because so many awful events took place. However, there was also one positive event: The glorious revolution in 1688, it was bloodless and as a result the monarch's powers were limited by the government, the bill of rights was drawn up in 1689 Victorian period o 1837-1901. o Queen Victoria was regarded as the personification of contemporary morals o During the 19th century Britain became the world's no.1 economic power. o the period is described by political stability and economic growth. o Changes in social structure-most ppl now lived in towns, growth of the middle class, a set of values formed that are now called Victorian o Many reforms, public services began(police, the post), Slavery was made illegal throughout the empire o However, the new industrial society forced ppl to live and work in unpleasant surroundings The Empire
principles of physical therapy and is considered the first book on sports medicine. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Germany, three pioneer physical educators Johann Friedrich GutsMuths (17591839) and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (17781852) created exercises for boys and young men on apparatus they had designed that ultimately led to what is considered modern gymnastics. Don Francisco Amoros y Ondeano, marquis de Sotelo, is born on february 19th 1770 in Valence and died on august 8th 1848 in Paris he was a spanish colonel, the first one to introduce educative gymnastic in France. He created the first military and civil gymnasium in Paris. In particular, Jahn crafted early models of the horizontal bar, the parallel bars (from a horizontal ladder with the rungs removed), and the vaulting horse. Events for men Floor Male gymnasts also perform on a 12m. by 12m. spring floor. A
(700 seats). The repertoire of the Puppet Theatre consists of plays mostly for children and youth, combining puppetry and drama elements, the theatre also offers traditional shadow theatre. In last few years the theatre has a growth in musical productions and various experimental projects. Russian Drama Theatre The roots of Russian theatre in Tallinn go back to the small Russian community of the late 19th century. Theatricals received a boost after the Bolshevik revolution in 1917, when many Russian actors found refuge in the newly independent Estonia. A professional Russian theatre started in Tallinn under Soviet occupation, in 1948. It received the building of a former cinema in the centre of the city, its troupe was formed by a graduating group of a Moscow theatre school. Now they are paying more attention to local audience. 10-12 new plays are staged each year, mostly in
Lowland areas, in the southern part of Scotland, are flatter and home to most of the population, especially the narrow waist of land between the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth known as the Central Belt. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, although Edinburgh is the capital and political centre of the country. An abundance of natural resources such as coal, iron and zinc contributed significantly to the industrial growth of Scotland during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, energy is a major component of Scotland's economy. Whilst Scotland is the largest producer of petroleum in the European Union, the production potential of renewable energy has emerged as an important economic and environmental issue in recent years. Geology and geomorphology ! The geology of Scotland is unusually varied for a country of its size, with a large number of differing geological features
3. Russian colonization of America. What has preserved from this period to the present? The Russian colonization of the Americas covers the period, from 1732 to 1867, when the Tsarist Imperial Russian Empire laid claim to northern Pacific Coast territories in the Americas. The Russians were primarily interested in the abundance of fur-bearing mammals on Alaska's coast, as stocks had been depleted by overhunting in Siberia. By the middle of the 19th century, profits from Russia's American colonies were in steep decline. Faced with the reality of periodic Indian revolts, the political ramifications of the Crimean War, and unable to fully colonize the Americas to their satisfaction, the Russians concluded that their American colonies were too expensive to retain. after less than a month of negotiations, the United States accepted Emperor Alexander II's offer to sell Alaska. The purchase of Alaska for $7
Describe the heroic code of the Anglo Saxons, how does it contradict the Christian value system? Beowulf was composed by an unknown Anglo-Saxon poet around 700 A.D The action of the poem takes place around 500 A.D The storyteller is a Christian poet, we know it, because he is often at pains to attribute Christian thoughts and motives to his characters, who frequently behave in un-Christian ways. Beowulf describes Saxon society. Beowulf was re-discovered in 19th century, when the interest in the poem was primarily historical. In 1936, Oxford scholar J.R.R.Tolkien discovered the literaturistic side of the epic. Beowulf has influenced Tolkien and all the other writers after him. The epic has 3 parts, each focusing on Beowulf's fight with a particular monster. The mains ideas of the epic is: 1) The importance of establishing identity 2) Tension between the heroic code and other value systems 3) Christian elements
2006 SOCIAL GRAPHICS, rahvusvaheline näitus Zilinskase muuseumis, Kaunas, Leedu 2006 Tartu kunsti näitus Kaunases, Leedu 2006 Rahvusvaheline Bangladeshi Triennaal, Bangladesh 2006 Eeesti graafika Turus, Soome KusevKasakas (õli papil 220 X 120 cm, 1997) RAHVUSVAHELISED KUNSTILAADAD: Tease Art Fair, Saksamaa 19th - 22nd April 2007 esindaja: Agency Yorckberlin http://www.yorckberlin.com/teaseartfair.html http://www.yorckberlin.com/teaseartfair_allik.html Berliner Kunstsalon, Saksamaa 28th Sept - 2nd October 2006 esindaja: Agency Yorckberlin http://www.yorckberlin.com/berlinerkunstsalon.html http://wwww.yorckberlin.com/peeterallik.html LOODUSE PILT. TALVINE METS õli lõuendil, 200 x 150 cm, 2001
Only a small part of this original Norman monastery, consecrated in 1065, survived. The only representation of this original building is shown on the Bayeux Tapestry. Most of the present building dates from 1245 to 1272 when Henry III decided to rebuild the abbey in the gothic style. Large parts were later added: the Chapel of Henry VII was added between 1503 and 1512, while the two West Front Towers date from 1745. The North entrance which was completed in the 19th century, is the youngest part of the abbey. 1) The Nave 2) The Cloyster 3)Chapter House 4) Henry VII Chapel The most fascinating part is the fourth
city. The first prominent name in Estonian history of theatre, August von Kotzebue, dates from the same period. The Russian authorities sent him from St. Petersburg to Tallinn to work as an official. Kotzebue's entertaining productions became famous all over Europe. He founded the first theatre with its own permanent cast, and brought the Estonian language to the stage. Theatre became especially popular amongst Estonians in the second half of the 19th century, as part of the national awakening process. Theatres in Estonia, like elsewhere in the world, may be divided into three categories according to their form of ownership: state, municipal and private theatres. In Estonia, the first prevail; there are 9 state and 1 municipal theatres, the Tallinn City Theatre. The famous music and ballet theatre is the Estonian National Opera in Tallinn. The Russian Drama Theatre is the most popular theatre among the Russian speakers
Native Americans. ¤ over 500 nations/tribes ¤ closeness to nature ¤ europeans came for the free land ¤ less civilized ¤ they lived in teepee's ¤ they hunted buffalos for food, clothing BERENGIA- Land Bridge connecting Asia (Siberia) to Alaska 1500 km wide North to South 65 000 B.P (before the present) rised out of the sea to 40 000 B.P a wave when people came from west. 36 000-32 000 B.P arrived people CHEROKEE. Southeast U.S- their heartland, not on the ocean. Lanuage + customs + weapons-> related to IROQUIS family of nations (Iroquis lived around Great Lakes) 1300 A.D. established in South East U.S Classical Cherokee Civilization 16th-19th centuries MATERINEAL-(,,mother line") women controlled home, family, children, inheritana, clan membership. Men hunted and made babies. Cherokee Wedding Ceremony- ¤groom brings meat(,,hunter") ¤ bride brings other food (grains, berries etc.) -> prooves that she's ,,homemaker" They step on the Cere...
First people in Australia were the ancestors of the current Aborigenes, who arrived from present-day Southeast Asia over 40,000 years ago. Most of these people were hunter-gatherers, with their own oral culture and spiritual values. They had a great respect of the land and a belief in the Dreamtime. As the population grew and new areas were explored, five largely self-governing Crown Colonies were established over the course of the 19th century. On the 1 January 1901, the colonies became states linked by one federal government the Commonwealth of Australia. Settlers came from Britain and Ireland, and the people of Australia are still mainly of British or Irish origin, with a culture and outlook similar to that of the United Kingdom and the United States. After World War II , Australia encouraged mass immigration from Europe
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