58 KUUL UULAA & KORD KORDA ORDA GRAMMATIKA SISUKORD Lk. ARTIKKEL Umbmäärane artikkel A/AN 60 Määrav artikkel THE 60 ASESÕNA Isikulised asesõnad 62 Omastavad asesõnad 62 SOME, ANY ja NO ning nende liitvormid 62 MANY ja MUCH; FEW ja LITTLE 64 NIMISÕNA Nimisõnade mitmus 65 Nimisõnade omastav kääne 66 OMADUSSÕNA kesk- ja ülivõrre 67 TEGUSÕNA Tegusõna BE pööramine (olevik) 69 Tegusõna BE pööramine (minevik) 70
Passive (is,was done; be, been, being done) REEGEL: · Inglise keeles laused võivad olla kahes tegumoes: aktiivis ja passiivis. My child drew a picture. (aktiiv; lauses on alus, kes on ka tegija) (alus) (öeldis) (sihitis) The picture was drawn. (passiiv; lauses on alus, kuid see ei ole tegija) (alus) (öeldis) · Passiivi kasutatakse siis, kui tegija on teadmata või tema mainimine ei ole oluline. MOODUSTAMINE Passiivi ajavormid moodustatakse be pöördelistes vormidest antud ajas ja lisatakse põhiverbi mineviku kesksõna (Past Participle). Kui tegija on teada ja tahetakse teda ära mainida, siis kasutatakse eessõna by, millele järgneb tegija. Ajavorm Aktiiv Passiiv Tense form Active voice Passive voice Present simple Mary teaches me
1. Active/Passive Active - the professor teaches the students. Passive - The students are taught by the professor 2. Present Simple [VERB] + s/es in third person. Tegevus on korduv või tavapärane. You speak English. I play tennis. Cats like milk. The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. I am here now. Active= Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Passive= Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. 3. Present Continuous [am/is/are + present participle]. Tegevus toimub/ei toimu praegusel hetkel. You are watching TV. You are learning English now. I am studying to become a doctor. I am meeting some friends after work. Active= Right now, Tom is writing the letter. Passive= Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. 4. Past Simple [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs. Tegevus algas/lõppes minevikus täpsel ajal. . You called Debbie. I saw a movie yesterday. I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim
on Christmas Day (but at Christmas) We use at in these expressions: at night - at Christmas - at the moment / at present - at the same time - at weekends - at the age of... IN DURING
to go by tram trammiga sõitma to go by air lennukiga sõitma learn by heart pähe õppima speak by telephone telefoniga kõnelema last week /month/year möödunud nädalal/kuul/aastal next week/month/year tuleval nädalal/kuul/aastal from day to day päevast päeva from morning till night hommikust õhtuni from place to place ühest kohast teise at present praegu by chance juhuslikult on foot jalgsi Tegusõna be 1. I MINA MY MINU YOU SINA YOUR SINU HE TEMA (M) HIS TEMA (M) SHE TEMA (N) HER TEMA (N) IT SEE ITS SELLE WE MEIE OUR MEIE
MODULE 1 Greeting. Introducing oneself and the others. The alphabet. Spelling. The tenses. How to introduce yourself and others Formal introductions How to respond and reply to an May I introduce myself? I am John introduction Smith. How do you do. Allow me to introduce John Smith to Pleased to meet you. you. Standard introduction Nice to meet you. I'd like you to meet John Smith. Hello. I want you to meet John Smith. I'm so pleased to meet you.
Windows are not made of wood. Simple Present · · New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue. [VERB] + s/es in third person USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Examples: Future · You speak English. · Do you speak English?
AJAD Simple Present: (olevik. Kui midagi toimub iga päev. every day.) EXAMPLES: I play tennis. She does not play tennis. The train leaves every morning at 8 am. The train does not leave at 9am. She always forgets her purse. (Ta alati unustab oma koti) He never forgets his wallet. Every twelve months, the Earth circles the sun. The sun does not circle the Earth. Past Simple: (midagi on tehtud. Tegusõna tuleb panna minevikku ehk II põhivormi. Seda aega tuleb kasutada siis, kui lause väljendab tegevust, mis minevikus tehti ja ka ära lõpetati!) EXAMPLES: I saw a movie yesterday. (Ma nägin eile filmi. Nägin filmi lõpuni.) I didn't see a movie yesterday. Last year, I traveled to Japan. (Sõitsin Jaapanini välja, mitte ei jäänud reisi peal kuhugi toppama) Last year, I didn't travel to Japan. She washed her car. (Ta pesi auto ära! Mitte ei pesnud natuke ja jooksis siis tuppa multikaid vaatama, vaid lõpetas töö ära ja siis tegi muid asju edasi) She didn't wash
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