Question 1 Name 9 characteristic parameters of sensors. Treshold, noise, range, stability, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, hysteresis Question 2 Given the circuit below (using a SYH-2R humidity sensor) determine the output voltage for a relative humidity of 70 % at 30 °C if R T = 50 kΩ and VDD= 2.5 V. R70 30 c =R H =9,2 kV RH 9,2 k V O= ∙ V DD= ∙ 2,5 = 0,388 V (R T + R H ) ( 50 k +9,2 k ) Hint: Check specification for Humidity Sensor of SYH-2R.pdf at http://www.rhopointcomponents.com/images/SYH-2R.pdf 2 Week 04 Homework Question 3 Given the following bridge circuit for a strain gauge, determine the value of the strain gauge resistance {RS}. Let: VIN = 5V R3 = 200 Ω R2 = 50 Ω R1 = 100 Ω a) Under no strain (VOUT = 0 V) R2 ∙ R3 RS= =100 Ω ...
Päivi Margna Form 11 Graph description The graph shows the growth and fall of the water temperature in 14 days. The horizontal axes represents the number of days, when the temperature was measured and the vertical axes represents the temperature of water. On first day the temperature of water was 25ºC. It raised to 26ºC in the secon day. By the third day it fell to 24ºC. For the next day it raised by one degree. After that, since forth day to seventh day, it fell dramatically to only 20ºC. By the ninth day the tepmerature raised again to 25ºC. Then it stayed satble for a day and raised by one degree per day to 27ºC on the twelft day. On day 13 it fell 2 degrees and on tha last day it raised to 26ºC. By stud...
Elektrooniliselt pihustav diiselmootor Electronic Diesel Control on diiselmootori kütuse kontrollsüsteemi täpne mõõtmine ja kohaletoimetamise kütust põlemiskambris tänapäeva diiselmootorite kasutatud veoautode ja sõiduautode . Mehaanilised fly-kaal kubernerid inline ja turustaja diisel sissepritse pumpade juhtimiseks kasutatakse kütuse etteande all erinevaid mootori koormust ja tingimusi ei saa enam tegeleda üha kasvav nõudlus tõhusust, heitkoguste, roolivõimendi, kesklukustus ja kütusekulu.Need nõudmised on nüüd peamiselt täitnud Electronic Diesel Control EDC on süsteem, mis pakub suuremat võimet täpse mõõtmise, andmetöötlus, töökeskkond paindlikkust ja analüüsi, et tagada tõhus diiselmootor operatsiooni. The EDC replaces the mechanical control governor with an electro-magnetic control device. EDC asendab mehaanilist kontrolli kuberner koos elektromagnetilise juhtseadmega. EDC on jagatud need peamised komponentide...
Inconvenient Non-ionizing indoor climate Poor radiation lighting (magnetic fields) PHYSICAL HAZARDS Risk of fire and Noise in the working environment: electrical shock Physical Part I – Inconvenient indoor hazards Risk from climate ...
1. Key features for all studied biomes. Tundra The main seasons are winter and summer. The tundra is the world's coldest and driest biomes. The average annual temperature is -28° C. Nights can last for weeks when the sun barely rises during some months in the winter, and the temperature can drop to -70° C. During the summer the sun shines almost 24 hours a day. Summer are usually warm. Average summer temperatures range from 3° to 16°C. TaigaTaiga is the Russian word for forest and is the largest biome in the world. It stretches over Eurasia and North America. The taiga is located near the top of the world, just below the tundra biome. The winters in the taiga are very cold with only snowfall. The summers are warm, rainy, and humid. Some of the animals in the taiga hibernate in the winter, some fly south if they can, while some just cooperate with the environment. GrasslandsGrassland biomes can be found in the middle latitudes. They can...
A Course In the Design of ABS Piping Our Objectives Presented by Geoffrey D Stone FIMechE C.Eng http://waterhammer.hopout.com.au/ Provide an insight into what piping designers need & expect Define the role of the supplier & designer Learn some fundamentals of piping design Discover failure analysis techniques Share experiences of problems A Course In the Design of ABS Piping What We Shall Look at This Week ABS Material Properties Thermoplastic Pipe Design Waterhammer Analysis Typical Applications of ABS Pressure Pipe Some Anticipated Events Stages of the Design Process Representation-Drawings & Specification Calculation-Engineering & Assumptions Visualisation-Presentation of Information Validation-Testing & Commissioning Role of the ABS Pipe Supplier What the Customer Expects Avoid the following: Material Properties Accept design risk for a sale Design Criteria Accept MTO risk Design Guid...
Form 10A 2009 Introduction The climate is cyclical England is in the middle latitude The English weather changes frequently 52% of the year is overcast England is washed by the warm Gulf Stream Spring March, April, May Wild areas may still be cold and muddy Animals start emerging from their hibernation Plants start blooming Sun and showers Summer Plants and animals start breeding Warm weathers The landscapes are covered with flowers Warm rain The average temperature ranges from 10 0C 150C Britain's highest temperature recorded is 38.5°C in August 2003 Autumn Birds are returning after migrating from the north Birds start growing their winter plumage. Many flowers fade Trees reveal their autumn colours It rains more often Winter Animals start hibernating Flowers are rare Not much snow because of the Gulf Stream The average temperature ranges from 0 0C 5 0C; The lowest temperature recorded is -27.2°C in 1895 Flora Plants usual...
Average temperature: 9.3333333333 Host cities - Statistics comparison Violence Low City Population Indicators Temperature ºC Belo Horizonte 2385639 34.9 13 Brasilia 2609997 34.2 13 Cuiaba 556299 40.1 17 Curitiba 1764540 55.9 8 Fortaleza 2476589 45.9 22 Manaus 1832423 46.7 23 Natal 81078 32.3 21 Porto Alegre 1413094 36.8 10 Recife ...
Host cities - Statistics comparison Violence Low City Population Indicators Temperature ºC Belo Horizonte 2385639 34.9 13 Brasilia 2609997 34.2 13 Cuiaba 556299 40.1 17 Curitiba 1764540 55.9 8 Fortaleza 2476589 45.9 22 Manaus 1832423 46.7 23 Natal 81078 32.3 21 Porto Alegre 1413094 36.8 10 Recife 1546516 57.9 21 Rio de Janeiro 6355949 24.3 18 Salvador 2693605 55.5 22 Sao Paulo 11316149 13 12 omparison Observa...
Weather in England Britain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate. The main influence on climate is close proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, that's why the climate of England is classified as oceanic climate , with warm summers, cool winters and much rain throughout the year. As Britain have such a variable climate changing from day to day, it is difficult to know what weather will be on next day. In general there are warm summers and cool winters. Summers are cooler than those on the continent, but the winters are colder. Eastern parts are drier, cooler and less windy. Northern areas are generally cooler, wetter and have a smaller temperature range than southern areas. The highest temperature in England was 38.5 degrees at 10th August 2003. Winters are cool, wet and windy. Temperatures at night rarely drop below -10 degrees and in the ...
MIINA HÄRMA GYMNASIUM Deserts Saudi-Arabia Tartu 2007 Deserts In geography, a desert is a landscape form or region that receives very little precipitation. Generally, deserts are defined as areas that receive an average annual precipitation of less than 250 mm (10 inches). Deserts cover at least one-fourth of the Earth's land surface. Desert biomes can be classified according to several characteristics. There are four major types of deserts: · Hot and dry · Semiarid · Coastal · Cold Location The four major North American deserts of hot and dry deserts are the Chihuahuan, Sonoran, Mojave and Great Basin. Others outside the U.S. include the Southern Asian realm, Neotropical (South and Central America), Ethiopian (Africa) and Australian. The major deserts of semiarid deserts include the sagebrush of Utah, Montana...
Question 1 Name 9 characteristic parameters of sensors. Solution: 1. Thershold. 2. Sensitivity. 3. Full Range. 4. Linearity. 5. Accuracy. 6. Precision. 7. Stability. 8. Hysteresis. 9. Noise. Question 2 Given the circuit below (using a SYH-2R humidity sensor) determine the output voltage for a relative humidity of 70 % at 30 °C if RT = 50 kΩ and VDD= 2.5 V. Solution: Check specification for Humidity Sensor of SYH-2R.pdf at: http://www.rhopointcomponents.com/images/SYH-2R.pdf 2 Week 04 Homework - Solutions Check Thermistor - Wikipedia.pdf at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistor Calculate the Humidity Sensor resistance at 30°C T = 273.15°C +30°C = 303.15°C T0 = 273.15°C +25°C = 298.15°C R60% 30°C =25.5858 kΩ - Matlab code: 33*exp(4600*(1/303.15-1/298.15)) = 25.5858 Calculate the Humidity Sensor resistance at relative humidity 70% See the above graphic for the standard resistance:...
Microcontroller homework for week 10 1. PID control scheme: Equation describing the PID control: Differences between ,,bang-bang" control and proportional control: Proportional 0%...100% As error decreases, output decreases, e.g. reduces overshoot ,,Bang-bang" 0% or 100% Only 2 states (that's why also called On/off control). It has feedback. Similar to PWM ouput signal. Integral and Derivative terms in the PID equation: These are time-based terms: theintegral is an integral over some time period, and the derivative is the derivative between two time periods. Derivative to measure how fast the error is changing; rate of change in error gives indication of the size of the load; allows output to rapidly respond to changing inputs and compensate for varying loads and still offset error. Integral accumulation of errors; long-term control parameter; pushes the output towards the setpoint if PID control settled at offset fro...
INSTITUTO POLITECNICO DO PORTO INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE ENGENHARIA DO PORTO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT PORTUGAL Marvin Üürike Tallinn University of Technology Faculty of Chemical and Materials Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Estonia ERASMUS PROJECT STUDY OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN A HELICAL COIL Supervisor: Albina Ribeiro Porto 2015 2 Abstract The following work investigates overall heat transfer coefficient of a helical coil and how it changes in different situations. The variables investigated were flow rate inside a submerged helical coil and agitation of the bath. To investigate the change in heat transfer coefficient in different situations, a simple experiment was set up. It consisted of a rectangular isolated ...
About Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia is a country in Northern Europe. Estonia has land borders to the south with Latvia and to the east with Russia. It is separated from Finland in the north by the Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. Average elevation reaches only 50 meters and the country's highest peak is the Suur Munamägi in the southeast at 318 meters.Estonia boasts over 1,400 lakes. Most are very small, with the largest, Lake Peipus, (Peipsi in Estonian) being 3555 km². There are many rivers in the country. The largest are the Võhandu (162 km), Pärnu (144 km), and Põltsamaa (135 km). Estonia also boasts numerous bogs, and 3794 kilometers of coastline marked by numerous bays, straits, and inlets. The number of islands and islets is estimated at some 1,500. Two are large enough to constitute their own counties: Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. Estonia lies in the...
Estonian University of Life Sciences Report on Soil Microflora By Katrin Vares Tartu 2013 Introduction The purpose of this report is to define soil microflora and establish the importance of it. Since the microorganisms clearly play an important role in preserving the balance of life, the next objective is to look into factors that influence this balance. Natural conditions and cultural impact could be considered as the variables that correlate the most with the activity and composition of microflora, hence some of the natural and cultural factors will be looked into a little more in detail. Definition, composition and importance of microflora Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary (2007) cited by the online medical dictionary (2013) defines living microorganisms as that small that they can be seen only with a microscope and that maintain a more or less constant presenc...
Tartu Veeriku School Alaska Su m mary Targo Ti mak For m 7a 2011 Table of Contents 1.Alaska info...................................3.lk 2.Geography.....................................4.lk 3.Natural features......................5.lk 4.Climate...........................................6.lk 5.Pictures.........................................7.lk 6.Used Sources..............................8.lk Alaska info Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American cont...
Märt Leppik AT13 17.09.09 Comparison of diesel and petrol engine Similarities Both engines have a similar combustion cycle. The cycle is four strokes long. The strokes are the intake stroke, the compression stroke, the combustion stroke, and the exhaust stroke. During the intake stroke, the piston moves down in time with the opening of the intake valve. This allows the cylinder to become full of an air and gas mixture. This mixture is compressed during the compression stroke, which increases the compression pressure at which the gas mixture will be ignited, or self-ignited. The combustion stroke is the stroke following the explosion of the mixture, and this stroke is what powers the car. It is this stroke that powers the crankshaft, and allows for the car to move. The final stroke is the exhaust stroke. The exhaust valve opens when the piston hits the bottom, and the piston pushes the exhaust out. Both engines also have c...
Estonian climate in winter-time. In Estonia, winter climate is very variable. Some year, it could be very cold outside, but some year it could be so warm you may wear your autumn clothes in winter. Some year it could snow so much, that you can't even get out of the house, because there's too much snow in front of your door and some year it may not snow for at least half of the winter-time. But no worries, mostly the temperature may go below -30 and because of the cold, students are absent from schools. The absent students mess up the whole classes program, because then it takes more time to study some subjects and teachers have a lot more work to do. I think, that when students skip school because of the bad weather, teachers should put homework and the work that should have been done in classes, on ekool, but not as concise as it would be if stundents have been at school. Then, students can study subjects on their own and if they ca...
Kristiina Stõkova 105281, EAEI-33 Structural loads As everyone might know that great architecture is the successful marriage of art and technology and a structure is an artifact expressing one of the many aspects of human creativity, however it is an artifact that cannot be created without a deep respect for the laws of nature. And that is the main problem brought out by the author of the book ,,Why buildings stand up", Mario Salvadori. So why should an engineer consider different loads? the answer is simple - if the earth did not pull, the wind did not blow, the earth's surface did not shake or sink and the air temperature did not change, then loads would not exist and structure would be unnecessary. This would be so-called the Alice-in- Wonderland world of architecture. But in the real world the engineer's first job is to determine which loads will act on a structure and how strong t...
GLOBAL WARMING Global warming is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system. Since 1971, 90% of the increased energy has been stored in the oceans, mostly in the 0 to 700m region. Despite the oceans' dominant role in energy storage, the term "global warming" is also used to refer to increases in average temperature of the air and sea at Earth's surface. Since the early 20th century, the global air and sea surface temperature has increased about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth's surface than any preceding decade since 1850. More than 90% certain that most of global warming was being caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities.In 2010 that finding was recognized by the national science academies of all majo...
The aim of the experiment To determine the molar mass of carbon dioxide in three different ways; 1) using the Ideal Gas Law equation, 2) using the molar volume of a gas at NTP, 3) using the relative density to air Equipment CO2 tank, a flask with a rubber stopper (300 cm 3), technical balance, measuring cylinder (250 cm3), thermometer, barometer. Method 1. Determine the mass (m1= mflask+stopper+air) of the dry flask with a rubber stopper by weighing on a technical balance. Draw a line on the flask at the bottom edge of the stopper in order to measure the volume of the flask in step 5. 2. Fill the flask with carbon dioxide gas. Direct the gas from the CO 2 tank into the flask for about 7-8 minutes. The tip of the hose has to be in the bottom but not very closely against the bottom. Otherwise it may happen that all of the CO 2 will exit from other branches of the hose bundle. 3. Seal the flask q...
Analog Interfacing to Embedded Microprocessors Real World Design Analog Interfacing to Embedded Microprocessors Real World Design Stuart Ball Boston Oxford Auckland Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi Newnes is an imprint of Butterworth–Heinemann. Copyright © 2001 by Butterworth–Heinemann A member of the Reed Elsevier group All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Butterworth–Heinemann prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ball, Stuart R., 1956– Analog interfacing to embedded microprocessors : real world design / Stuart Ball. p. cm. ISBN 0-7506-7339-7 (pbk...
Estonia Estonia lies in the North-Europe and it is the member of European Union. In the north, Estonia is washed by the Gulf of Finland, in the west by the Balic Sea, in the south there is Latvia and in the east there lies Russian Federation. The territory of Estonia is 45,227 km 2 and it is divided into 15 counties. The capital and also the largest city in Estonia is Tallinn. The population is not large only 1.3 million people. The official language is Estonian. Although we have only few speakers in word terms, we are proud of our language which is considered to be one of the world's most beautiful ones. Estonia is an independent country, the government is parliamentary republic and the president of Estonia is Toomas-Hendrik Ilves. In Estonia, there are many places worth visiting. For example, the ruins of the Order Castle in Viljandi, national parks in Soomaa and definitely Old ...
RUSSIA Politics Russia is a country in northern Eurasia. Capital of Russia is Moscow. It is a federal semi-presidential republic. Russia is also the world's ninth most populous nation with 143 million people as of 2012. Population of Russia is 143 800 000. Population density is 8.4/km2. The offical language is russian. President of Russia is Vladimir Putin. National anthem of Russia: Gosudarstvenny Gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOAtz8xWM0w Vladimir Putin Kreml Mount Elbrus Topography and climate Mount Elbrus is the highest point in Caucasus, Russia and Europe (5 642 m). Russia has thousands of rivers. Longest river in Russia is Volga. Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water lake in Russia. Humid continental climate is the dominant in Russia. Record low temperatur...
Hello ladies and gentelmans Today I'm going to talk about how global warming will change the way we live in future. In fact durning the twentieth century global temperature went up by over 0,7 Celsius degree. It looks pretty small number but even slight Climate change leads to serious consequences. Firstly, global warming will cause that glaciers start to melt. And as a result, the water level will raise and cities and villages which are located near oceans and sees will be flooded. Secondly, if we don't stop global warming, we will bserve more examples of extreme weather such as heat waves, storm clouds, which may lead to floods, droughts and forest fires. Next conseqences of global warming is that oceans temperature will go up. It is likely that it will cause an increase in activity of hurricanes, what will cause many unimaginable destructions. Also, ice will start to melting in Alaska, so it will lead to extremination of ma...
General facts Tennessee is a state located in the Southern United States. In 1796, it became the sixteenth state to join the Union. The capital city is Nashville, and the largest city is Memphis. Tennessee has 95 counties. The earliest variant of the name that became Tennessee was recorded by Captain Juan Pardo, the Spanish explorer, in 1567 while traveling inland from South Carolina. History The area now known as Tennessee was first settled by Paleo-Indians nearly 11,000 years ago. When Spanish explorers first visited the area (led by Hernando de Soto) in 15391543, it was inhabited by several tribes (Muscogee, Yuchi people). As European colonists spread into the area, the native populations were displaced to the south and west. Many battles were fought in the state, for example in 1862 and 1863. Symbols The official state flag of Tennessee was adopted on the 17th of April in 1905. The three white stars in the center symbolize the thre...
USA General information is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states Capital: Washington D.C Largest city: New York City There isn't official language Currency: United States dollar ($) President: Barack Obama ( Barack Hussein Obama II) Flag Names: The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, The Starry Banner Seal: Great Seal of the United States Motto: In God We Trust 9.83 million km2 and with over 308 million people, the United States is third largest country both by land area and population It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level ...
AUSTRALIA Tõnis Kütt 9A flag Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level · The British Union Jack flag notes Australia's ties to Great Britain · The Southern Cross is a major navigational constellation in the Southern Hemisphere · The large, white, seven-pointed Commonwealth Star is symbolic of the original states of Australia. Flag story the lower hoist-side quadrant known as the Commonwealth or Federation Star, representing the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star depicts one point for each of the six original states and one representing all of A...
Alaska General information Area 1,717,854 km² (1st) Capital Juneau Population - 731,449 (47th) Native people Numerous tribes The Inuit people (eskimos) The Aleut people The Alutiiq people Colonisation Russians - 17th century Name origin Alaska (Russian) Alakshak (Aleutan) Peninsula Nicknames The Last Frontier Land of the Midnight Sun State of Alaska 1959 Symbols Flag - Seal - Symbols 2 Bird - Willow Ptarmigan Dog - Alaskan Malamute Sport Dog Mushing Head of state Governor Sean Parnell (2009..) Republican Geography Coastline 800km East Canada West the Bering Sea North Arctic Ocean South Pacific Ocean Mountains 50 peaks higher than 3.6km Mount McKinley 6.2km ...
Illnesses/health: (Suffer from) an earache Kõrvavalu take temperature-Temperatuuri võtma listen to chest-Kuulata rinnus weigh-kaal give injection-süsti andma scale--skaala syringe-süstal thermometer-termomeeter stethoscope-stetoskoop injury-vigastus pain (in my chest)-valu rinnus bruise-sinikas head ache-peavalu suffer from-kannatavad indigestion-seedehäired accident prone-õnnetusse sattuma feel depressed-masendus on account of-tõttu fond of-kiindunud muscle pain/muscular pain/cramp-lihasvalu,-kramp nose bleed-ninaverejooks travel sickness-merehaigus heart disease-südamehaigus splitting headache-äge peavalu sore throat-kurguvalu high temperature-kõrge temperatuur food poisoning-toidumürgitus physical vs psychological-füüsiline või psühholoogiline hormones-hormoonid anxious-murelik fatigue-väsimus ulcers-haavandid viral infections-viiruseinfektsioon circulate-ringlema digestive system-seedetrakt glucose-glükoos bloodstream-vereringe de...
Different types of forests and their forms of usage TARTU 2010 Forest A forest (also called a wood, woodland, wold, weald, holt, frith) is an area with a high density of trees. Forests cover approximately 30% of land and 9.4% of all the planet earth. They are also responsible for regulating our planet's climate and act as large purifiers of airs, by absorbing carbon dioxide, and giving out oxygen. Different types of forests Forests are divided into following main types: o Tropical forest o Subtropical forest o Plantations o Boreal forest o Temperate forest o Seasonal or monsoon forest Tropical and Subtropical Forests Tropical and subtropical forests, also known as rainforests or tropical rainforests, are lavish and ample forests with broad leave tree. They are mostly found at lowlands near the equator - Asia, Africa, South & Central Am...
As time goes on, society will have to face many problems. The biggest issues are with the environment that is around us. It is surprising how our traditional habits can contribute so strongly to environmental problems. They affect the whole world, even our little country Estonia. We, as individuals, are capable of doing anything to save our world. To begin with, everyday life has been disturbed because of COVID-19. Life stopped during this pandemic not only in China where it started, but also across the globe. When we look at the present situation, very many people are confined to their own homes. In Estonia, students can’t go to school normally, they have to stay behind the computer every day and it is very exhausting. Many parents have lost their jobs because of the virus. And still there are people who won’t listen to the government rules and spread the virus further. Secondly, global warming is increasing at an alarming rate wit...
Dear Cathrine ! Thank you for your last letter, it was really nice to read about your trip to Italy. For me things are not so good. I have been ill for two weeks already and I decided to tell you about the problem. Maybe you can help me. About two weeks ago when I was at my friends birthday party I suddenly felt really bad. My stomach began to ache and i felt really dizzy also. So i decided to sit down and rest a bit. But that didn´t help. i felt even worse. So i went home. At home I measured my temperature and it was really high, so my mom sent me straight to bed. At first we thought that it was not anything serious, but when two days had gone by and the temperature had not gone down, my mom began to worry about me. So we drove to the hospital, as the doctor was not able to come to our home. In the hospital , doctor examined me and he told us that i had a really bad flu. And that i should not get out of the b...
Green Technologies - innovation and climate change sustainagility Scientists can examine ice, but they cannot tell out anything about our future. Even if scientist has lived thousand years he won't be able to do it. The graph in video shows that the amount on carbon dioxide rises and then rises the temperature, but it is not so, it is exactly the opposite. One way to save energy is to build better buildings, because big headquarters are built to last only for 30-35 years. Building them up and pulling them down needs a lot of energy and about 30% of building energy is spent on it. It is thought that if in Tokyo 50% of all roofs are green it will save 1 million dollars a day of Tokyo businesses in cooling costs. Street light use 5% of energy, but it can be reduced to 2%. Usual TVs should be replaced with Plasma TV, because it saves energy more. By driving electic-car, it is possible to save energy a...
Question 1 (in wiki and in terminologies) 1. SNR is a calculated value that represents the ratio of root- mean-square (rms ) signal to rms noise. 2. SINAD stands for Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio. It is a measure of the quality of a signal from a communications device, often defined as: where is the average power of the signal, noise and distortion components. SINAD is usually expressed in dB. For examples to calculate the ratio of 1 kW (one kilowatt, or 1000 watts) to 1 W in decibels, use the formula 3. ENOB is the effective number-of-bits related to SINAD and the quality of a digitized signal. The 6.02 term in the divisor converts decibels (a log10) to bits (a log2) The 1.76 term comes from quantization error in an ideal ADC 4. THD - Total harmonic distortion is the ratio of the root-mean-square (rms) ...
The climate in Estonia As in other northern countries, seasons varie widely in Estonia. The length of the longest day in summer is over 19 hours, while the shortest winter day lasts only 6 hours. It is not completely dark at night from the beginning of May until the end of July. Estonia, on the coast of the Baltic Sea, is at the same latitude in Europe as central Sweden and the northern tip of Scotland. In North America, the middle latitude of Estonia passes through the Labrador peninsula and southern coast of Alaska. However, due to the influence of the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf Stream, the weather in Estonia is considerably milder than the continental climate characteristic of the same latitude. The temperature in the summer months (June September) is typically 15ºC...18ºC and in winter 4ºC...5ºC. Estonian weather offers many surprises. Temperatures may fluctuate by 20ºC. In the early m...
Madagaskar Autor: Alan Sakson Juhendaja: Helen Leoste Tallinn 2016 Asukoht Asub LL 20° ja IP 48° Lõuna-Aafrika Asub lõuna-Lähisekvatoriaalse ja troopilise kliimavöötme vahel Savanni loodusvööndis Kliima Keskmine temperatuur on juulis 9-20°C ja detsembris 16-27°C. Aasta jooksul sajab 1000-1500mm. Kõige rohkem sajab mai ja septembri kuus, mille sademetehulk ulatub 2030- 3250mm. Maksimum temperatuur võib ulatuda kuni 33°C Minimum temperatuur võib ulatuda kuni 10°C Ferralliitmullad Niiskel aastaajal katab muldi sageli vesi; kuival aastaajal kuivavad mullad läbi; moodustub punast telliskivi meenutav kõva lateriitkiht vihmaperioodil orgaaniline aine laguneb ja uhutakse sügavamale kuival aastajal kõdunevad taimejäänused osaliselt ja tekib huumus. Taimestik Valitsevad kõrrelised. Kõrrelistel on tihe ja tugevasti läbi põ...
2. Where is prairie, pampas, steppe, and veldt situated? EurasiaSteppe, North America-Prairie, South AmericaPampa, South AfricaVeldt 3. Using the climate diagram describe the climate of the region. Temperate deciduous forest -Well-defined seasons with a distinct winter characterize this forest biome. Moderate climate and a growing season of 140-200 days during 4-6 frost-free months distinguish temperate forests. Temperature varies from -15° C to 25° C. Precipitation (750-1500 mm) is distributed evenly throughout the year. Temperate grassland- Semiarid, continental climates of the middle latitudes typically have between 25 cm and 50 cm of precipitation a year. Much of this falls as snow, serving as reservoir of moisture for the beginning of the growing season. Warm to hot summers are experienced, depending on latitude. In the winter, grassland temperatures can be as low as -40° C, and in the summer it can be as high 20° C. There are t...
Answers for the IPCC Summary. 1.Radiative forcing is a measure of the influence that a factor has in altering the balance of incoming and outgoing energy in the Earth-atmosphere system and is an index of the importance of the factor as a potential climate change mechanism. 2.The three main things that alter the energy balance of the climate system are the changes in the atmospheric abundance of greenhouse gases and aerosols, in solar radiation and in land surface properties. 3.The two sources for the increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere are production, distribution and consumption of fossil fuels and as a by-product from cement production. 4.The two main sources of methane pollution are agriculture and fossil fuel use. 5.Volcanic aerosols are not included to the list because of their episodic nature. 6.The world's oceans absorb more than 80% of heat. 7.The total 20th-century rise is estimated to be 0.17...
The organic way to mulching By the Editors of Organic Gardening and Farming Robert Rodale Jerome Olds M. C. Goldman Maurice Franz Kaidi Kask Eesti Maaülikool 2014 Mulching aim · Build and maintain nature's soil pattern · The best way to make most efficient use of the available moisture in producing crops. What is mulch? · Layer of material · Conserve moisture · Hold down weeds · Improve soil structure and fertility · Mulching will improve any type of soil · Wonderful dew-catcher Mulch acts · Protects plants · Protector of the topsoil · Guardian against weather extremes and comfortable · Bruise-saving cushioner under ripening produce · Back aching jobs Mulch acts · Regulating the temperature · Insulator · Prevents competitions Organic mul...
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KEIDI PUKK MTT2 ITALY ITALY Italy officially the Italian Republic is a unitary parliamentary republic inSouthern Europe. The capital of Italy is Rome. I've been living in Italy for half of year. ITALIAN FLAG Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level CLIMATE Italy has a variety of climate systems. The inland northern areas of Italy have a relatively cool. Between the north and south there can be a considerable difference in temperature, above all during the winter: in some winter days it can be -2 °C and snowing in Milan, while it is 8 °C in Rome and 20 °C in Palermo Temperature differences are less extreme in the summer. GETTING AROUND Italy has well developed public and private transportation ...
Aim Determining the identity of an unknown metal. Measurement of gas volume, calculations with gases based on reaction equations. Substances 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, 5,0...10,0 mg piece of a metal. Equipment Apparatus for measuring the volume of gas, measuring cylinder (25 cm 3), funnel, filter paper, thermometer, barometer and hygrometer. Experimental procedure 1. The experimental apparatus (Figure 1) consists of two burettes connected with a rubber hose (a), which is filled with water. One burette is connected to a test tube (b), in which the metal reacts with the acid. 2. Preparation for the experiment. Remove the test tube and wash it carefully with distilled water. Firmly attach the test tube back. Adjust the burettes to the same height and check whether the water level (c) in both of the burettes is at the ...
London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the largest metropolitan area in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, London's history goes back to its founding by the Romans. Since its foundation, London has been part of many movements and phenomena throughout history, including the English Renaissance, the Industrial Revolution, and the Gothic Revival. The city's core, the ancient City of London, still retains its limited medieval boundaries; but since at least the 19th century, the name "London" has also referred to the whole metropolis that has developed around it. Today the bulk of this conurbation forms the London region of England and the Greater London administrative area, with its own elected mayor and assembly. London is one of the world's most important business, financial and cultural centres and its influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion and the arts cont...
Winter Activities Helen Allik KÜG Xb 2011 Skating Driving on the ice Sleigh ride Playing snowfight Making : Snowmen Snowangels Skiing Playing snowfight Spending free time Fun With friends or family At home, at school, at playgrounds Driving on the ice Fun Develop skills Ice track Skating,sledging and skiing Fun pastime Healthy Skiing competition Making snowmen and snowangels Snowman temperature over 0° C Thank you for your attention !
I slaid I am going to talk about strange animals that live in Australia. II slaid Australian kangaroos are the most famous Australian animals, and they belong to the most recognisable icons in the world. Australians call them 'roos' and they can be found in all parts of Australia, not just in the Outback. Their young are called joeys. All kangaroos are herbivores and only eat plants. The biggest enemies of kangaroos are humans. III slaid The Koala is one of Australia's best known animals. It is an icon represented when promoting Australia to the tourist industry. Koalas are mainly found in the south east Australia. Koalas are often referred to as a Koala bear. However they are not a bear. The name Koala comes from an Aboriginal word. It means "no drink", as Koalas get enough fluids through the eucalyptis leaves they feed on. They do not move around much and are only active for about 2 hours of the day. IV slaid The thorny devil l...
Liebe Helina, Mit meiner Familie bin ich für zwei Wochen nach Italien geflogen. Wir wohnen hier in San Marino in einem Hotel. Wir scwimmen und bräune jeden Tag. Das wetter ist so warm und das Wasser auch. Die Temperature ist 29 Grad. Kinder haben so Spaß hier. Wir haben auch natürlich. Im Hotel gibt es morgens, mittags, und abends ein luxuriös Buffet. Morgen gehen wir Einkaufen. Ich will ein paar Souvenirs kaufen und bringe Dir auch etwas mit. Wenn wir wieder zu Hause sind, ich rufe Dir an und erzähle Dir mehr. Ganz liebe Grüße, Deine Shcwester Maria
Global Warming One of the biggest issues our planet and its inhabitants are facing nowadays is global warming. Global warming, also often referred to as the greenhouse effect, has not always been a problem. However, over the last centuries, since the Industrial Revolution things have changed. Polar regions are melting, species are dying, climate zones are shifting, migration patterns for animals such as polar bears and birds are being disrupted our world as we know it is changing. Some scientists believe that the climate will reach a tipping point, a point at which even a tiny additional increase would throw the system into violent change. We started doing harmful things and only now do we realize what we have done and what we are doing. At this current rate by the middle of next century the Earth's temperature may rise a predicted from 2 to 6 degrees Celsius. This may not seem as much but with the E...
Week 4 homework. Question 1: 1. SNR – Ratio of root mean square signal to root mean square. 2. SINAD – Ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the mean of value of the root sum square. 3. ENOB – The effective number of bits and relates to SINAD. 4. THD – Ratio of the rms value of the fundamental signal to the mean value of RSS of its harmonics. 5. SFDR – Ratio of the RMS value of the signal to the RMS value of the worst spurious signal. 6. Channels – multiple analog signal inputs to the ADC that can be individually selected or selected through a multiplexor. 7. Linearity – Describes how an ADC conveter follows a linear function. 8. Operating temperature – A temperature at which the ADC functions optimally, usually given by the manufacturer. 9. Power dissipation – The proportion of power dissipated (through heat) when the ADC is working. Question 2: An 8 bit ADC has a reference voltage of 5V. What is the digital output code ...
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