1. Ceased Lakanud 2. Span Kaarelaius 3. Among Hulgas 4. Volume Kogus 5. Traffic Liiklus 6. Bonds Võlakirjad 7. Grants Toetused 8. Contemporary Kaasaegne 9. Landscape Maastik 10. Define Määratlema 11. Acclaimed Pälvinud 12. Magnificent Suurepärane 13. Enduring Püsiv 14. Exhibition Näitus 15. Principles Põhimõtted 16. Suspension Vedrustus 17. Sparked Tekitanud 18. Bascule Estakaad 19. Associate Liitlane 20. renowned Kuulus 21. Unprecedented Enneolematu 22. Bidders Pakkujad 23. Consolidation Ühendamine 24. Industry Tööstus 25. Competitors Võistlejad 26. Estimately Hinnanguliselt 27. Strands Tegevusvaldkond 28. Engineer Insener 29. Incorporated Asutatud 30. Respectively Vastavalt 31. Basis Alus 32. Manufactured Valmistatud 33. U...
1. Latter tagumine, viimane 2. Impend- tulekul olema 3. Credibility- tõsiseltvõetavus, usutavus 4. Rigorous- karm 5. Ostracize- tõrjuma 6. Decay- lagunema, kõdunema (bakteri või seene tõttu) 7. Encounter- kokku põrkama, kohtumine 8. Restorative- taastav 9. Prosthesis- protees 10. Longevity- pikaealisus, kestvusaeg 11. Plasticity- plastilisus, vormitavus (organismi võime kohaneda uue keskkonnaga) 12. Mastication- närimise, toidulagundamise protsess suus 13. Biocompatible- Kude mittekahjustav 14. Implement- rakendama, kasutusele võtma 15. Rational- mõistusepärane 16. Initiation- tõuge, aje 17. Odontogenesis- hamba areng 18. Counterpart- teisik, dublikaat 19. Confront- vastu astuma 20. Bone marrow- luuüdi 21. Imperative- kohustus 22. Taciturn- sõnaaher 23. Give rise to- põhjustama 24. Differentiate- eristuma, diferentseerima 25. Odontoblasts- rakud, mis sünteesivad dentiini 26. Enamel- hambaemail 27. Erupt- vallanduma 28. Formation- kuju...
1.Lexicology as a science L. studies the voc of lg as a system. Word-learning, lexis-logos. The task of L is to establish the general features of modern Engl voc. Theoretical L. gives a complete picture of voc. Practical value lies in using and appretiating the lg more conciously. There is diachronic (historical) L that studies origin and development; syncronic studies voc at a given historical period. There are general L (studies words disregarding particular features of any particular lg); special L (studies specific features of a separate lg, there is Engl that bases on general L); contrastive (compares vocabularys in different languages). 2. Connection of L with other linguistic disciplines a) the word performes a certain grammatical function (nt, he always misses the class, how many misses are there; the girl powders her nose, soliders face powder)In speech words are combined according to grammatical rules. The plural of nouns m...
Teaching the Vocabulary of the Text The Summary is based on the text taken from the Journal `The News letter' written by David Cranmer. Principal among the reasons is the obvious one that once the extensive context is understood, it is easier to concentrate on the detail of individual words. Large-scale vocabulary building is, in general terms, therefore better done after the text has been presented. (Cranmer 1986:60) Another important reason is that it is possible at this stage to exploit the new lexis in its own right, not just as a means comprehension, If we are to bring new vocabulary into active use and not just passive understanding, it is not sufficient for us just to teach it. It should be done in a way, so that teachers should be sure that it is learnt and used. If the words are taught after the target text, then the meaning of the words will be more understandable. In this case, the `matching' is...
LEL 2E Notes on Vocabulary One of the key facts about the lexicon of any language is that it reflects in various ways the physical and cultural environment in which the language is spoken. A people unfamiliar with, say, horses is unlikely to have a word for `horse'; similarly with ploughs, printing presses, and internet porn sites. For the most part this is trivial it's hard to imagine how it could be otherwise, given the general nature of human language. People tend to make a great deal of the alleged fact (see Pullum 1989) that "the Eskimos have lots of words for snow", but it doesn't take much thought to realise that any language spoken in a given physical and cultural environment is likely to have efficient ways of referring to distinctions that are important in that environment. That doesn't mean that you can read very much into individual words and individual facts about the lexicon of a given language (this topic has already c...
What I Think of Homereading? I think that homereading is important and a good way to educate. Finding a good book to read is not only interesting entertainment but a good way to learn. I think that homereading is necessary for those who want to learn English. Everyone should read books if they have free time. Reading is one of the best things to do in your free time. It is very exciting to read a good book. There are many categories of books: fantasy, romantic, fiction, nonfiction, action, adventure, historical, children's and teen's books, biography, educating books, cooking books. The genre of the book depends what the reader likes to read about. I think that everyone can find something interesting for themselves, they just need to search. These days it is easy to find books, the library is full of books and there are many webpages where reader can read e-books online. Reading is not only fun ...
The history of the English Language Kristin Klaus, 10a Short history · Started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the 5th century AD · The tribes: the Angles, the Saxons, the Jutes · At that time the inhabitants spoke a Celtic language · The invadors pushed them west and north Germanic invaders entered Britain on the east and south coasts in the 5th century. Old English · 450-1100 AD · The Germanic tribes spoke similar languages which developed into Old English · Did not sound or look like English today · About half of the most commonly used English words have Old English roots · Be, strong, water Part of Beowulf, a poem written in Old English. Middle English · 1100-1500 · In 1066 William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy (part of modern France), invaded and conquered England · The new conquerors (called the Normans) brought with them a kind of French, which became the la...
English a global language Aleksander 10B This essay explores British and English history and its influence to the world. English is spoken all around the world. We can even say that it is a international language. It begun when Great Britain started founding colonies. Empire growed from the 17'th century up to 1920's. It was said that the sun never sets on British empire. It had expanded all over the world. In the colonies, English started to change, it had spread all around the world, just like the empire. It was leading country in the world for a very long time. It had strong economy and the strongest navy that any one had ever seen, so it was till the world wars. The British Isles, because of their good geographical position have been conqured only twice. And both occasions had a great influence...
Old English ( 450-1100 AD) The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages, which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Old English was spoken until around 1100. Middle English (1100-1500) In 1066 William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy invaded England. The new conquerors brought with them a kind of French and there was a period where the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century English became dominant in Britain again, but with many French words added. Modern English Early Modern English (1500-1800) Towards the end of Middle English the change in pronunciation started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world and many new words and phras...
LEXICOLOGY 1. Size of English vocabulary 1) Old English – 50,000 to 60,000 words Vocabulary of Shakespeare OE – homogeneous; 1/3 of the vocabulary has survived • 884,647 words of running text About 450 Latin loans (Amosova) • 29,000 different words (incl. work, working, Viking invasions added 2,000 worked, which are counted here as separate 2) Middle English – 100,000 – 125,000 words) English becomes heterogeneous (Norman French, • 21,000 words English, Latin), hybrid of Germanic and Romance languages Norman French influence – about 10,000 words, 75 % are still in use (Baugh) Latin influence continues 3) Early Modern English – 200,000 – 250,000 English becomes a polycentric language; polyglot, cosmopolitan lang...
Introduction English is spoken on all five continents. With regard to the numbers of speakers it is only exceeded by Chinese and Spanish. But in terms of geographical spread it stands at the top of the league. The varieties of English in the modern world are divided into four geographical groups as follows. British Isles America United States (with African American England English) Wales Canada Ireland The Caribbean Africa Asia, Pacific West Africa South- and South-East Asia East Africa Australia and New Zealand South Africa ...
Kui saatelause on olevikus , siis jääb öeldu ka olevikku . Näit: He says:"Everybody speaks English" -> he says (that) everybody speaks English. KUI ON SAYS , SIIS EI LÄHE ÜHE VÕRRA MINEVIKU POOLE! Kui aga saatelause on minevikus, siis läheb lause ühe võrra mineviku poole! "I speak English well" -> He said (that) he spoke English well. "They are speaking English now - > He said (that) they were speaking English then . "They spoke English to their guests last week -> He said (that) they had spoken English to their guests last week "They were speaking English when I arrived" -> he said (that) they had been speaking English when he arrived . "I have learnt 20 new words today" -> he said (that) she had learnt 20 new words that day " I have been learning English for 2 years -> she said (that) she had been learning English for 2 years ENNEMINEVIK JÄÄB SAMAKS! "I hava learnt a few words of English -> he said (that) she had learnt a few words...
Disadvantages and advantages of using smart-phones in a lesson Nowadays a lot of schools give a permission to use smart-phones in lessons for searching information, looking up new words or doing excercises. Therefore, it could raise many difficulties for students using smart-phones in a lesson. One of the advantages of using smart-phones in studies is that they are more effective. For instance, students do not have to waste time anymore for looking up new words from books like in the old times. Now, they can simply enter a word and get it, or when they have to read a excercise or a story, then they can access to it very fast. Also, nowadays society is accustomed to use smart-phones and it is easier to them remember new words or important information. Therefore, smart-phones have advantage to make one a better learner and do things faster. A big disadvantage of using smart-phones is that they can affect ones health and capab...
English lexicology 1. Size of English vocabulary Vocabulary is a sum total of words used in a language by speakers or for dictionary-making. Active and passive vocabulary. The Old English vocabulary was homogenous. There were about 50 000 – 60 000 words, 1/3 of which have survived. o About 450 loans from Latin o About 2000 from the Viking invasions. The Middle-English vocabulary became a heterogeneous hybrid of Germanic and Romanic languages. 100 000 to 125 000 words. o About 10 000 loans from Norman French, 75% are still in use o Continuing Latin influence Early Modern English. 200 000 – 250 000 words o English becomes a pluricentric language. o Polyglot. Cosmopolitan language Modern English. 500 000 words o At present at least 1 billion lexical units 2....
Review questions English lexicology Size of English vocabulary. Average speaker 45,000-60,000 words, a total of about 200,000. Core and periphery. English has been heavily influenced by other languages. 31.8 % comes from Old English, 45% comes from French, 16,7% comes from Latin, 4,2% other germanic languages and 2,3 other languages. The very core is mono-syllabic (93 of the first 100 words and the other seven are two-syllabic). The core vocabulary is predominantly germanic. Native and foreign element. Native words belong to very important semantic group (modal verbs-shall, will, can, may; pronouns- I, you, he, my, his; preps- in, out, under; numerals and conjunctions::but, till, as. Native words are head, arms, back; mother, brother, son, wife; snow, rain, wind, sun; cat, sheep, cow; old, young, cold, hot, dark; do, make, go, come, see. Many native words have developed many meanings (nt, hand, man, head). Most native words have become ...
Essay 200 (+/- 10%) words The text consists of 4-5 paragraphs discussing a specified topic. Usually the task contains points you have to discuss. Make sure they are all covered! Keep in mind! Formal language – no slang, so contracted forms, colloquialisms, try to avoid repetition of words. Indented lines! Clear paragraphs with one central idea. Avoid strong feelings 8everybody hates... it is absurd to believe...) and strong personal expressions Use generalization (children assume…), but do not use overgeneralizations (all children assume…) At least 2 linking words per paragraph (separate them from the rest of the sentence by commas!) that show the connection between paragraphs. Make references to other sources (Police officials believe that…) Give examples, not personal thoughts (expressive intake of alcohol can damage liver) if you use statistics, be sure of the source! Avoid clichéd introductions, make it more original (hook) Consiste...
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g. style of fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, business correspondence, etc.). STYLISTICS Stylistics is the study of s...
THE NEW "BAMBO" PUSHCHAIR Introduction. The aim of this report is to find out how good the new pushchair is. It is based on the results of interviews with 150 mothers and fathers all over the country (from London, Bristol, Birmingham, Gloucester, Glasgow and Leeds) using "Bambo". Observations. It was found that the majority of the people who had been interviewed thought that the chair is fantastic. In the words of Mrs Roberta for example it is light and manageable, definitely better than her old pushchairs. Its good points are also that it is easy to steer, it has an attractive design and it fits in the boot of the car. A minority of people found mistakes from "Bambo". One complaint for example was that the wheel locking mechanism is too small to operate by foot. Recommendations. It is recommended that the wheel locking mechanism should be larger so it could be operated by foot and the open...
Nimi: Õpperühm: Praktiline töö nr. 4: Interneti otsimootorite kasutamisvõimalused ja ja otsingud metaotsivahenditega Järgnevatele küsimustele vastates kasutage Google’t (https://www.google.ee/). Lisaks tulemusele pange kirja, millist otsinguviisi kasutasite ja millise päringu sõnastasite. 1. Leidke veebilehekülgi, mille lehe pealkirjas esinevad terminid „sõnavabadus ja tsensuur“. Kui palju ja mida leiate? Hinnake päringule vastavust. Sain neli vastet päringule vastavat vastet. Üks vaste viitas ühele õpikus olevale pealkirjale. On kõik need sõnad: sõnavabadus ja tsensuur Terminid ilmuvad: lehe pealkirjas 2. Leidke pildiotsingu abil must-valgeid fotosid Hera templist, mis oleks JPG formaadis, suuremad kui 400x300 ning piiranguteta kasutatava või jagatava kasutusõigusega. Esitage ühe pildi(faili) URL aadress. Hinnake päringule vastavust. Ühe pildi URL: https://www.flickr.com...
BABA IS YOU Game REVIEW Baba is You, developed by Hempuli Oy, is a sokoban-pushing puzzle game with a twist of rules manipulation. In this 2D game, the internal rules are presented as pushable blocks and you main goal is to push these blocks around and then combine these words to form new rules to solve puzzles. Unlike other puzzle games that require you to follow rules to complete levels, Baba is You encourages you to break rules and also gives you enough freedom to create new rules to level up. I know, the idea sounds really interesting and smart！ The game doesn’t have too many instructions and it only has characters and corresponding objects on each stage. Players may be confused about how to play the game at first, but once you get deeper into the game and learn the game in practice, you will find the game has a lot of charm. We can see the little bunny Baba, three rocks, a yellow flag and four rules i...
English began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England bt the Saxons around 400 AD. The spoken and written laguage berween 400 and 1100 AD is referred to as Old English. Many words used today come from Old English. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words entered the language English from about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and Latin. French brouht many words connected with goverment. Modern English eas greatly influenced by the English used in London and changed a great deal until the end of the 18th century. Many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy. Nowadays 80 percent of the word-stock is foreign-born. So we can say that most world languages have contributed some words to English at some time, and the process is now being reversed. Purists of the languages are res...
Tests Superstar 1 Luke Prodromou Test 1 Name____________________ Class_______ Use your English 1 Complete these sentences using the correct form (present simple or present continuous) of the verb in brackets. _ 1 She is in a band and she _________________________________ (record) a CD at the moment. _ 2 She is an actress and often _________________________________ (appear) on television. _ 3 At the moment she _________________________________ (have) a rest because she is tired. _ 4 Mike is a doctor and he _________________________________ (live) in Manchester. _ 5 I _________________________________ (start) work at 8.30 every morning. _ 6 He is a good cook but she _________________________________ (prefer) to eat out. _ 7 English tests _________________________________ (get) more and more interesting. _ 8 They _________________________________ (have) a party becau...
PROGRESS TEST 3 (Unit 3) All right answers here 1.Fill in the missing words.Write only one word in each gap. 1.INSERCT 2.COLD 3.DATES 4.IF 5.WILL 6.HAVE 7.PASSPORT 8.MOUNTAIN 9.THINGS 10.SITUATED 11.RANGE 12.HELD 13.THESE 14.BOILING 15.SETTING 16.TEMPERATURE 17.RUN 18.CELEBRATE 19.CASE 20.TAKE 2.Circle the correct item. 1. A-INCLUDED 2. B-PLENTY 3. B-SURE 4. A-UNSPOILT 5. C-CUT 6. A- BY 7. B-EXTENSIVE 8. C-UP 9. B-TOUCH 10. A-WILL BE 3.Complete the second sentence using the word in bold. Use two or five words including the word given.Do not change the word given. 1. IF HE DOESN´T GET INTO UNIVERSITY,HE WILL GET A JOB. word ( UNLESS) – HE WILL GET A JOB unless he gets INTO UNIVERSITY 2. TAKE YOUR ID BECAUSE THEY MIGHT ASK YOU FOR IT . word (CASE)-TAKE YOUR ID in case they ask YOU FOR IT. 3. I’LL WRITE TO YOU THE MOMENT I SETTLE INTO MY NEW HOUSE. word (SOON)- I’LL WRITE TO ...
Listing Giving examples Generalising first, second, third for example in general first, furthermore, finally for instance generally to begin, to conclude as follows: on the whole next that is as a rule Reinforcement in this case for the most part also namely in most cases furthermore in other words usually moreover Result/consequence Highlighting what is more so in particular in addition therefore particularly besides as a result/consequence especially above all accordingly mainly as well (as) consequentl...
FGI 1081 Stilistika (Irina Ladusseva) Kab. 420 2 AP Ends with an exam; lasts only for 1 semester. At the exam you get 2 questions and an exercise (50 sentences: establish the device used, recognize it, and name it). Care about the pronunciation of the terms. Books: - I. Galperin "Stylistics" - I. Ladusseva "Rhythm and Text" - I. Ladusseva "Vocabulary and Style" - I. Ladusseva "Stylistic practice: Book I, Book II" - I. Ladusseva "A Guide to Punctuation" EXAMINATION TOPICS: 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies ...
1 Grammatical Terminology PRACTICAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR FLGR.01.042 Grammatical Terminology analytic analüütiline (= uninflected - grammar is focused in the sentence , e.g. English) synthetic sünteetiline (= inflected - grammar is focused in the word, e.g. Estonian, Latin, Russian, Old English) ending lõpp (käände- ja pöördelõpud) marker tunnus (mitmuse, oleviku, lihtmineviku, tingiva kõneviisi, käskiva kõneviisi, kaudse kõneviisi, umbisikulise tegumoe, ma- tegevusnime, oleviku kesksõna, mineviku kesksõna) derivational affix liide, tuletusliide, tuletusafiks (e.g. postwar, anti-American, wiser, greenish) parts of speech sõnaliigid English Estonian ...
OPINION ESSAY Opinion essays are formal in style. They require your opinion on a topic which must be clearly Introduction stated and supported by reasons. It is necessary Paragraph 1 to include the opposing viewpoint in another State the topic and your opinion paragraph. clearly A successful opinion essay should have: Main Body a) an introductory paragraph in which you Paragraph 2 state the topic and your opinion; Viewpoint 1 and reason b) a main body which consists of two or more Paragraph 3 * paragraphs. Each paragraph should present a Viewpoint 2 and reason separate viewpoint supported by your reasons. Another paragraph giving the Parag...
Suppletion Present in languages of different families. Present in Old, Middle and Modern English, though the general tendency is towards more regularity/iconicity so the number of suppletive forms has decreased.In the text: goon to go wenden - to turn Gan was suppletive in Old English, past form: eode.Eode was supplanted by went (past form of wenden) at the end of the Middle English period.To wend has survived in Modern English in phrases such as to wend one's way, we wended homewards (ironic usage). Thus: suppletivity- suppletion different parts of one and the same paradigm come from what were originally different paradigms (different words with close meanings or words in different but close dialects).Suppletion embraces verbs, adjectives, nouns. Be was/were been (Old English beon/wesan) (am, art, is, are); in Old English some suppletive forms were used parallel to one another) Good better best Bad worse worst Much more...
1) Standard and non-standard varieties of English Standard varieties of English are the varieties of the English language that are considered to be a norm and are spoken and written by the minority (educated people). This is the optimum for educational purposes. The standard varieties of English are: BrEng (British), EngEng (English), NAmEng (North-America), USEng (United States), CanEng (Canada), AusEng (Australia), NZEng (New Zealand). Standard English (British English) is the most widely accepted and understood among native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A social accent, associated o...
LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES Based on: interaction of lexical and interaction of denotational interaction of primary circumlocution other cases contextual meaning and emotional meaning and secondary meaning 1. EPITHET 1. METAPHOR indicates individual 1. ZEUGMA 1. PERIPHRASIS 1. BATHOS based on similarity of 2 evaluation of sth. Logical "to join" w-d is use of longer spoiling the lofty effect. Function notions, hidden comparison at...
Book 1 BASIC ENGLISH BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR GRAMMAR BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR Book 1 Book 1 Younger students at beginning to intermediate levels will greatly benefit from this step-by-step approach to English grammar basics. This is the ideal supplement to your language arts program whether your students are native English speakers or beginning English language learners. Skill-specific lessons make it easy to locate and prescribe instant reinforc...
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These are called functional styles or registers (fiction, newspaper) Stylist...
The Silence And Awe Of Arvo Pärt Some time ago, when I was randomly browsing the internet, I found an article about Arvo Pärt attending a festival in New York. The article seemed interesting but I didn't exactly read it, because Arvo Pärt has always been a composer I respect and know of, but I haven't directly listened to his music or been to any of his concerts so it didn't strike my interest, but on the bottom of the same page was a review where a journalist described his music very vividly and colorfully. It was also very inspiring and so I started to search for more. The silence and awe of Arvo Pärt is an article written by Tom Huizenga. There he talks about Pärt's childhood and how he found his current style. The most important was what inspires him and they also had an interview: In the article he says that Pärt is a major composer and he was little nervous to meet him. Although the 78-year-old musician us...
Kairis Baumann K14KÕ U1 PRESS RELEASE We are pleased to announce the new dates for the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus to launch. Sorry for keeping waiting due to technical problems in Software development. The waiting is over. The magic date is 27 October, 2014that the phones are available for purchase in all Apple stores. So forget your old mobile phone and prepare yourself for the biggest advancements that your new iPhone has to offer. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus comes with new innovative technologies: such as ultrafast wireless, longer battery life you have ever had, advanced cameras with 8MP, bigger screen and plenty of more. The benefiits of the iPhone 5 and iPhone 5 s include a simpl...
1 SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES are based on a peculiar place of the word or phrase in the utterance (text, sentence, etc).This special place creates emphasis irrespective of the lexical meaning of the words used. Categories: syntactic stylistic devises based on: SDD: based on ABSENCE OF LOGICALLY REQUIRED ELEMENTS OF SPEECH ELLIPSIS ELLIPSIS or ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES means leaving out one or both principle members of the sentence that is the subject or predicate. NT: Where is the man I'm going to marry? - Out in the garden. (no subject) What is he doing out there? - Annoying father. Here, in the dialogue, ellipsis creates the colloquial tone of the utterance. It also renders realistically the way the characters speak. The elliptical sentences convoy/render carelessness, familiarity, harshness. It...
Leixcology revision questions 1) Composition of english vocabulary Vobabulary is the sum of a total of words used in a language by speekers or used in a dictionary. English vocabulary cosists of six units: Simple words- fall Complex words- prefall Phrasal word- face up to Compound word- face lift Multiword expression- face the music Shortened forms- prefab (prefabely?) 2) Core and pherifery English has been heavily influenced by other languages. 31.8 % comes from old english, 45% comes from french, 16,7% comes from latin, 4,2% other germanic languages and 2,3 other languages. The very core is mono-syllabic (93 of the first 100 words nad the other seven are two-syllabic). The core vocabulary is predominantly germanic. 3) Native and foreign elements Native vocabulary: INDO-EUROPEAN- mother, foot, heart, father, sea, night etc GERMANIC- friend, bidge, ship, life, heaven OLD-ENGLISH- bad, bird, woman, lady and gospel LATIN- ch...
Frank Sinatra (1915-1998) Alice Lokk Structure 1. Early life 2. Career (singing) 3. Career (acting) 4. Personal life Early life • US singer and actor • December 12, 1915 New Jersey, Hoboken • Father - boxer and firefighter Mother - member of local party • Didn’t finish the high school • Delivery boy at the Jersey Observer newspaper Career (singing) • One of the most popular musical artists of the 20th century • Genres: traditional pop, jazz, swing, big band, vocal jazz • Started at the local nightclubs • Professional singer at 15 • Big start - 1942 Paramount Theatre, New York. • 59 studio albums • 1st album - The Voice of Frank Sinatra (1946) • 150 mln recordings • Albums: Nice ‘n’ Easy (1955) Songs For Swingin' Lovers (1956) Come Fly With Me (1958) Only the Lonely (1958) Strangers In the Night (1966) • Songs: My Way, New York New York, Strangers In the Night • His ...
*Estonians conquered by the crusaders 1208 *Reformation 16th century establishments of new school, Estonians first book appeared in 1525 *Tartu University 1632 founded by King Gustavus II Adolphus, classical university, member of the Coimbra group *Abolition of serfdom 1816 *Song festival 1869 in Tartu, an organiser was J.V.Jannsen, 822 singers, men only *Declaration of independence 24th February 1918 *War of independence 1918-1920 during the Russian Civil War, resulted in a victory for Estonia *Deportation 1949 *Estonia becomes independent 20th August 1991 *Joining EU 1st May 2004 Language: Estonian language, belongs to the Balti-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages, closely realted to Finnish and rather remotely to Hungarian; Latin alphabet with 32 letters , 5 of which occur only in foreign words, the phenomes include 9 vowels and 18 consonants; words are borrowed from Latin, Greek, English etc.; sinc...
Simple Present Present Progressive/Continious (99%) infinitive form of 'be' and verb + ing (3rd person singular: infinitive + 's') I speak I am speaking you speak you are speaking he / she / it speaks he / she / it is speaking we speak we are speaking they speak they are speaking Signal words: always, every, often, normally, usually, Signal words: at the moment, at this moment, today, sometimes, seldom, never, first, then now, right now, Listen!, Look! Rules · in general (regularly, often, never) · right now e...
Arrays 1. Delete certain integer from array int[] massiv={}; int b = 5; int count = 0; for (int i : massiv) { if (i == b) count++; } int[] temp = new int[massiv.length - count]; int x = 0; for (int j = 0; j < massiv.length; j++) { if (massiv[j] != 5) temp[x++] = massiv[j]; 2. Find the longest numbers sequence (for example out of array [1111223344] -> sequence of number 1) int[] massiv = {}; int count = 1; int result = 0; int number = -1; for (int i = 1; i < massiv.length; i++) { if (massiv[i] == (massiv[i-1])) { count++; } else { count = 1;}обновляем, если цифра поменялась if (result <= count) { ...
What are the responsibilities of and challanges to the Freedom of speech in the 21st century? Our responsibility is to think what we say. Words can make World a better place or even destroy it. By words we can affect the World. Because of that, we have to be very careful by using them. Using words wrong , we can hurt very many people and ourselves too. When we use wrong words at the wrong time, we can hurt somebody very bad. We can insult people or make them suffer. And this can bay back very hard. For example the event what took place in Kauhajaki school, where one young guy named Juhani Saari, who killed very many his fellow pupils and himself too. This disaster took place because other pupils taunted and japed him. Religion is in the 21st century very disunited. This makes society acceptive to every little suasions. At the same point education is very easy to get. And when some malevolent human studyes psycho...
CHAPTER 1 GETTING TO KNOW THE TOEFL WHAT IS THE TOEFL? The TOEFL is a comprehensive English language examination required by more than 3,000 colleges and universities in the United States, Canada, and other parts of the world. In addition, foreign born professionals frequently need a TOEFL score for certification to practice their profession in the United States or Canada. The TOEFL is a timed test that consists of the three sections listed here. THE TOEFL Section 1 Listening Comprehension 50 questions 35 minutes Part A Statements 20 questions Part B Short Dialogs 15 questions ...
Seediscussions,stats,andauthorprofilesforthispublicationat:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280905030 Subtitlereadingspeed:Anewtoolforits estimation ArticleinBabel·January2014 DOI:10.1075/babel.59.4.02mar CITATIONS READS 3 179 1author: JoséLuisMartíFerriol UniversitatJaumeI 13PUBLICATIONS18CITATIONS SEEPROFILE Someoftheauthorsofthispublicationarealsoworkingontheserelatedprojects: Inclusiónsocial,traducciónaudiovisualycomunicaciónaudiovisual(ÍTACA)Viewproject AllcontentfollowingthispagewasuploadedbyJoséLuisMartíFerriolon13October2017. Theuserhasrequestedenhancementofthedownloadedfile. John Benjamins Publishing Company This is a contribution from Babel 59 : 4 © 2013. All rights reserved. This electronic file may not be altered in any w...
Country Studies The United Kingdom Test revision questions Form 11 1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England London; Wales Cardiff; N-Ireland Belfast; Scotland - Edinburgh 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts, Vikings. Celts > Romans > Anglo-Saxons > Vikings > Normans 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? The Celts were in Britain long before the English language existed. Celtic influence on English is minimal. There are more Amerindian words in English than Celtic ones. 4. How many people approximately speak English? 300million as mother tongue, 470million as 2nd language. 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language? Anglo-Saxons 6. Describe Wales. Part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, population: 3,064,000, Wales has a distinctive culture including its...
PRESENT SIMPLE (lihtolevik) Form: 1st form (+s) Use: 1. Things in general. Nurses look after patients in hospitals. 2. Things that happen all the time or repeatedly. She usually goes away at weekends. 3. Laws of nature (things that are true in general). The sun rises in the east. 4. Timetable events. The train leaves at 6.50 p.m. Negative form: I don't (do not) normally eat my lunch here. He doesn't (does not) like this film at all. Question form: Do you live here? How often does it rain around here? Signal words: always, every day/month, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually etc. PRESENT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE (kestev olevik) Form: am/is/are + ing Use: 1. Unfinished actions happening at or around the time of speaking. Listen! Somebody is crying. They are building a new bridge in our town....
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT I (-s) DO/DOES AM/IS/ARE + ING HAVE/HAS + III pv. I learn English I am learning English I have learned English. I get up at 7 every day. I'm reading a good book at the I've learned 10 words today. He doesn't get up at 7. moment. He hasn't learned any new What time do you get up? He isn't reading anything at the words today. moment. How many words have you What are you reading at the learned today? moment? 1 Korduv tegevus. 1 Praegu toimuv. 1 Äsja lõppenud 2 Püsiv olukord. 2 Praeguse perioodi vältel 2 Täna/sel nädalal toimunud 3 Tulevikus toimuv, seotud toimuv. ...
View on new "Bambo" pushchair Introduction The aim of this report is to exteriorize and let you know the good and bad aspects of your new pushchair "Bambo". It is based on the results of the interviews with mothers and fathers all over the country. The study In the study, 150 people from London, Bristol, Birmingham, Gloucester, Glasgow and Leeds were interview to find out how good the pushchair is from the perspective of parents. They were asked to point out the pros and cons, give comments and also make suggestions. Results of the study The majority of people gave positive comments. Some brought in addition to good things also out the bad sides of the pushchair. In the words of Mr and Mrs Osmonth from Leeds it is a bit stiff to open and close but that is the only complaint they have. Mrs Joy McCarthy from Glasgow said that "Bambo" folds up really small and fits in the boot of the car with no problem but it is a...
English structure revision for the exam 1. Terms Language → A systematic, conventional (tavakohane) use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. Human language at all levels is rule- or principle- governed (valitsema) meaning that language corresponds to the grammar. Natural language is usually spoken, while language can also be encoded into symbols (such as letters, morse etc) For example: Estonian, English. Linguistics → The scientific study of human natural language. Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related). ...
Ecology and Environment I Word formation Noun Verb Adjective Eruption Protection Pollution - Penetration Contamination Emission - Depletion - Prediction Reduction Consumption Campaign/campaigner Disaster - Radiation Destruction - II Give the opposite ... Renewable resources Use Protect Admissibly Predicted III Fill in the correct word 1. The polar bear's .......................... is the icy waste...
Style The term style is a polysemantic one. The latin word ,,stilus" meant a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Already, in classical latin the meaning of style was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. One of the abts/the best was given by Jonathan Swift: ,,Proper words in proper places." In present- day english, the world style is used in about half a dozen basic meanings. 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas. Some speak about the style of Hemingway, Dickens etc. 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period. Style of symbolism, romanticism 3. the use of language to pick a literary genre-comedy, novel, drama, O.D (poetic form) etc. 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres of human activity fiction, scientific prose, newspape...
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