Orgaanilise keemia praktikum Keemia instituut Töö pealkiri: Hantschi reaktsioon Teostaja:Marietta Lõo Kursus: Keemia III Töö algus Töö lõpp: Juhendaja: 27.11.2007 03.12.2007 Uno Mäeorg Kasutatud kirjandus: 1) Juhend,mis antud juhendaja poolt 2) Internet 3) ftp://ftp.ttkool.ut.ee/chem/balt/bko0506exp_eng.pdf 4)http://www.organic-chemistry.org/namedreactions/hantzsch-dihydropyridine- synthesis.shtm Meetodi olemus: 1,3-Dikarbonüülühendid koos aldehüüdidega ja ammoonumiga annavad 1,4.Dihüdropüridiini, mis on kirjeldatav Hantschi reaktsiooniga Kasutatavad nõud: 1) 50 ml ümarkolb 2) magnesegaja 3) magnetsegajapulk 4) jahuti 5) pasteuri pipett 6) 25 ümarkolb+ pulk sellele 7)Petri tass 8) silikageeli plaadid Kasutatavd ained: 1) ammooniumatsetaat-2 g kaaluti 2,2...
Margit Tepner k0848752 Sustainability aspects of biofuels 1. Introduction The literature review will discuss the sustainability aspects of biofuels. Food production will be the main concern as it is the most debated issue, but other aspects, such as land use change and water consumption will be also considered as they are essential aspects in the biofuels sustainability criteria. The review will discuss the viability of biofuels based on the current technologies. Second-generation biofuels are not yet commercially viable and therefore will not be discussed; although they could significantly improve the sustainability of biofuels when they break through to the industrial scale. 2. The scale of biofuels production 2.1. Drivers of biofuels production Lal (2010) stated that "three inter-connected challenges face humankind in the 21st century": food security, climate change, and energy security. The world...
Orgaanilise keemia praktikum Keemia instituut Töö pealkiri: Ritteri reaktsioon Teostaja:Marietta Lõo Kursus: Keemia III Töö algus Töö lõpp: Juhendaja: 20.11.2007 27.11.2007 Uno Mäeorg Kasutatud kirjandus: 1) Juhend,mis antud juhendaja poolt 2) Internet Töö eesmärk: Sünteesida N-tertbutüülbensamiidi tert-butüülakolholi ja bensonitriili omavahelisel reaktsioonil, kui katalüsaatoriks on väävelhape. Kasutatavad nõud: 1) 2 tk 1 ml-st plastiksüstalt 2) 25 ml ümarkolb 3) magnetsegaja 4) magnetsegja pulk 5) jahuti 6) Pasteuri pipett 7) jää vann 8) katseklaas-vee mõõtmise jaoks 9) Termomeeter 10) spaatel 12) klaasfilter ( vahejupp+ kolb alla) 13) Petri tass 14) keeduklas Ained: 1) 0,50 ml bensonitriili 2) 0,400 g tert-butüülalkoholi-0,51 ml 3) 10 ml etanooli ...
Harjutusülesanne 1 1.1. Raamatu otsing e - kataloogist ESTER Otsivõimalus Otsiprofiil Raamatute arv TTÜRs Raamatute arv TÜRs Märksõna Biokütused 60 35 Sõna Biofuels 5 10 UDK 502.3/.7 109 279 Luque Rafael, Melero Juan A. (2012). Advances in Biodiesel Production: Processes and Technologies. Oxford: Woodhead Publishing. 1.2. Rahvusvaheline kümnendliigitus UDK a) genoomid - 575 b) spektrofotomeetria - 543 c) orgaaniline süntees - 547 d) komposiitmaterjalid 620-419 1.3. e-ajakirja otsing e- väljaannete otsivahendiga A - to Z 1. ,,Biotechnology for Biofuels '' Andmebaas: EBSCOhost , juurdepääs : 2009 vol2 2. ,,Ethanol & Biofuels News'' Andmebaas: EBSCOhost, juurdepääs: 11/6/2006 ...
FOREST BIOENERGY Outline Introduction: wood as a fuel Main body: diferent wood made energy products Conclusin: summarising the usage References Introduction • Fossil fuels: dominant source of energy. • Biomass accounts about 10% energy supply • Wood- based fuels from fast- growing species. • Forest biomass: reneweable energy • Forest biomass, mainly used in the Nordic countries. Wood based fuels sources •Energy forest •Forest biomass •Recycled wood Wood Biomass • Biologicalmaterial derived from living, or recently living organisms. • Can be used after converting it to various forms of biofuel. • Woodchips • Pellets Bioenergy • Energy produced from biomass. • Electricity, heat, and transportation fuels. • Eesti Energia and bioenergy. Benefits of Biomass • Environmental Benefits • Economic Benefits • Energy Benefits Biofuels • Solid fuels Pellets, briquettes • Liquid fuels Ethanol Bio-d...
Metanool Metanool on värvuseta, nõrga lõhnaga vees hästi lahustuv vedelik, mis sulab -97 ºC ja keeb 65 ºC juures. Pikka aega toodeti metanooli puidu utmisel, mistõttu tuntakse teda ka puupiirituse nime all. Tänapäeval toodetakse metanooli sünteetiliselt süsinikoksiidi ja vesiniku juhtimisel üle katalüsaatorite (ZnO, Cr2O3) temperatuuril 350-400 ºC ja kõrgel rõhul ( 200-300 atm). Metanool on äärmiselt mürgine vedelik, mille 10 grammi manustamisel võib pimedaks jääda ning 20-30 grammi tarbimine võib lõppeda inimese surmaga. Metanooli mürgituse võib saada juba tema aurude sissehingamisel või läbi naha imendumisel. Metanooli kasutatakse tööstuses suurtes kogustes eelkõige hea lahustina (lahustab nii polaarseid kui ka mittepolaarseid aineid nagu etanoolgi), kuid ka mootorikütusena), värvide, lakkide saamisel ning lõhna, värvainete, ravimite, mürkkemikaalide tootmisel. 1999. aastal toodeti maailmas ligikaudu 27 miljonit tonni metanooli. Eta...
Henry Ford biography born July 30, 1863 Michigan Click to edit Master text styles Left school at 15 and gone to Second level work Third level 1. father farm Fourth level 2. Were apprentice in Fifth level Detroit 3. Employee Married with Clara bryant Had one son Died 1947 Henry Ford was... Industrialist Founder Sponsor Inventor Why Henry Ford Is Important Click to edit Master text styles He revolutionized Second level production by Third level Fourth level implementing the Fifth level moving assembly line he made a car for the masses: the Model T Mudel T facts Predated the moving assembly line at Ford First intro...
Acid rains This morning you contributed to atmosphere desolation H ow it is formed? Acid rain is formed by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil. Gases of acid rain Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are the gases that form the acid rain. Our health and acid rain Acid rain effects even our health. Breathing and lung problems in people (especially those with asthma) and have been linked to acid air pollution. Some things that you can do to make acid rain less of a problem are: Only run the dishwasher and washing machine with a full load. Turn off the lights in empty rooms or when you will be away from home. Turn off the hot water tank when you will be gone for a long period of time. Don't use your air conditioner or heater as much. Install fluorescent light bulbs instead of incandescent light bulbs. Try to reduce, reuse, and recycle as often as ...
Veidi teemakohast infot kokku kogutuna Kõrgeimad etanooli saagid on Eestis saadud talitritikale (Lamberto) 3 283-4 756 l/ha ja talinisu (Bjorke) 3 059-4 143 l/ha sortidelt. Kõigi suviviljade etanoolisaagid olid peaaegu poole madalamad taliviljade etanoolisaagist. Etanooli kasutamise idee sisepõlemismootori kütusena on kaunis vana idee. Henry Fordi auto Mudel T oli disainitud etanooli kasutamiseks. Ta valis "ajutise odava lahendina" naftabensiini ja nii algas ka naftaajastu. · Mets moodustab 80 % maailma biomassist. Seetõttu moodustab ta küllaldaselt saadava, inimtoiduga mitte konkureeriva suhteliselt odava tooraine bioetanooli tootmiseks. · Sisaldades keskmiselt 42% tselluloosi ja 21% hemitselluloosi on ühest grammist puidust teoreetiliselt võimalik saada 0,32 grammi etanooli. · Praegu ületab tselluloosistetanoolitootmise tehase maksumus 2,5 4 korda investeeringud tehasesse, mille tooraineks on teravili Ehitata...
SISUKORD ENERGY STORY................................................................................................................4 USES OF ENERGY............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Uses of energy in homes...............................................................................................5 2.2 Types of energy used in homes.................................................................................... 6 2.3 Energy use in different types of homes........................................................................ 6 2.4 Commercial Energy Use...............................................................................................9 2.5 Industrial and Manufacturing Energy Use..................................................................11 2.6 Transportation Energy Use.................................................
Etanool ja metanool Metanool ehk metüülalkohol (mitteteadusliku nimega "puupiiritus") on kõige lihtsam alkohol valemiga CH3OH. Metanool on kergesti lenduv värvitu mürgine tuleohtlik kerge alkoholilõhnaga vedelik. Metanool ise ei ole ohtlik, kuid mürgised on selle lammutamisel organismis tekkivad ained sipelghape ja formaldehüüd, tekitades eluohtliku seisundi. Metanooli lammutavad inimorganismis samad ensüümid, mis nö tavalist alkoholi ehk etanooli, tekib happe liig organismis ehk atsidoos, okk, ajuturse ja muid taastumatuid koekahjustusi. Eluohtlikuks metanooli annuseks loetakse 30-240 ml. Metanool on kasutusel antifriisi, lahusti ja kütusena. Samuti lisatakse teda etanoolile selle denatureerimiseks ehk joogikõlbmatuks muutmiseks. Metanooli toodetakse peaaegu kõikidel kontinentidel: Aasias, Põhja- ja Lõunaameerikas, Euroopas ja Lähis-Ida riikides. Ülemaailmselt, üle 90 tootmispaigas toodetaks...
Orgaanilise keemia praktikum LOKT.09.015 (3EAP) Keemia Instituut, orgaanilise keemia õppetool Töö pealkiri: Ümberkristallimine ja sulamistemperatuuri määramine Teostaja: Kursus: Liisi Laaniste Geenitehnoloogia I Töö algus: Töö lõpp: Juhendaja: 14/02/2011 14/02/2011 Sirje Mäeorg Kasutatud kirjandus: www.wikipedia.com www.sciencelab.com ,,The Merck index, eleventh edition" ,,Orgaanilise sünteesi praktikumi laboratooriumitehnika" Kasutatavate ainete füüsikaliste konstantide tabel (Handbook of Chemistry and Physics) Aine nimetus Mm Vajalik hulk Tihedus Sto Lahustuvus (g ja mool) või kto Bensiil 210,23g/mol 0,5g 1,23g/cm3 St...
Slide 1 Good morning/afternoon/evening! My name is //////// and my topic is food microstructure and starch digestion. The presentation is approximately 7-10 minutes long and I will be glad to answer your questions at the end. Slide 2 Starch is important carbohydrate in human diet containing in potatoes, maize, rice, cassava. It is produced by most green plants as energy source. Pure starch is a white, tasteless and odorless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. Glycogen, the glucose store of animals, is a more highly branched version of amylopectin. In industry, starch is converted into sugars, for example by malting, and fermented to produce ethanol in the manufacture of beer, whisky and biofuel. It is processed to produc...
TALLINNA TEHNIKAÜLIKOOL Matemaatika- ja loodusteaduskond Keemiainstituut Orgaanilise keemia õppetool 1,3,5-trietüülbenseeni süntees lähtudes bromoetaanist Orgaanilise keemia II praktikumi lõputöö Üliõpilane: Meelika Lukner Üliõpilaskood: 155308 YASB21 Juhendaja: assistent Marju Laasik Tallinn 2016 1.Kirjanduslik osa 1.1.Sissejuhatus Antud töös sünteesitakse 1,3,5-trietüülbenseeni lähtudes bromoetaanist. Sünteesitakse esmalt bromoetaan etanooli bromeerimise kaudu ning seejärel, kasutades Friedel-Craftsi meetodit, sünteesitakse 1,3,5-trietüülbenseen. 1.2.Reaktsioonide iseloomustus Bromoetaani sünteesiks lisatakse etanoolile tahke kaaliumbromiidi ja vee segu. Reaktsiooni a...
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/06/20010611-2.html *I also call on Congress to work with my administration to achieve the significant emission reductions made possible by implementing the clean energy technologies proposed in our energy plan. Our working group study has made it clear that we need to know a lot more. *The United States has spent $18 billion on climate research since 1990 -- three times as much as any other country, and more than Japan and all 15 nations of the EU combined. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver *Jeremy Symons, a former whistleblower at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), said that suppression of the report for four months was a further example of the White House trying to bury the threat of climate change. *Senior climatologists, however, believe that their verdicts could prove the catalyst in forcing Bush to accept climate change as a real and happenin...
Toidu fermentatsioon: Mikroorganismide roll toiduainete tootmisel ja säilitamisel Olga Grygorieva 092990 KATM 1. Sissejuhatus Sisukord 2. Olulised osad toiduainete käärimises 3. Piimhappebakterite metaboolne aktiivsus 4. Antibioosi mehhanism piimhappebakterite kaudu 4.1. Orgaanilised happed, atseetaldehüüd ja etanool 4.2. Vesinikperoksiid 4.3. Süsinikdioksiid 4.4. Diatsetüül 4.5. Reuterin 4.6. Bakteritsiinid 4.6.1. I klass Bakteritsiinid 4.6.2. II klass Bakteritsiinid 4.6.3 Muud Bakteritsiinid Sisukord 5. Aspektid, mis tuleb üle vaadata bakteritsiini kultuuride kasutamises toidu fermenteerimisel 6. Hapendatud toidud 7.1. Piimatooted 7.2. Lihatooted 7.3. Taimsed tooted 7. Traditsioonilised fermenteeritud toidud 8.1. Aafrika 8.2. India 8.3 Indoneesia 8.4. Idamaad ...
Addictions summary 2011 Table of contents 1. Addictions 3 Drug addiction 3 Behavioural addiction 3 2. Drug addictions 3 Smoking 3 Drinking alcohol 4 Doing drugs 4 3. Behavioral addictions 4 Playing video games 4 Use of the internet 5 Cutting 5 4. Interesting facts ...
Tartu Miina Härma gymnasium Biogas The source of future energy Report Tartu 2010 Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................... What is biogas?................................................................................................... Producing process............................................................................................... Nowadays............................................................................................................ Areas where biogas is used in............................................................................. Biogas as replacement of fuel.......................................................................... Other benefits.......................................................................
Kodutöö biotehnoloogias v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 b1 b2 A -1 0 0 0 0 1 0 B 2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 2 -2 1 0 0 -1 D 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 E 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 F 0 0 0 -2 -2 0 0 Mõõdetud b1 25 b2 6 b4 5 STÖHHIOMEETRILINE MAATRIKS A v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 b3 A -1 0 0 0 0 0 B 2 -2 0 0 0 ...
TARTU ÜLIKOOL Kofeiini, nikotiini, etanooli ja tetrahüdrokannabinooli mõju treeningu tulemuslikkusele Referaat Tartu 2014 SISUKORD SISSEJUHATUS .................................................................................................. 3 KOFEIIN ................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 TOIMEMEHHANISM .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 MÕJU SOORITUSELE ................................................................................................................................. 4 NIKOTIIN ................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 TOIMEMEHHANIS...
Tallinna tehnikaülikool Riski- ja ohutusõpetus keemiatööstuses Referaat: Kemikaali riskianalüüs Aniliin Õppejõud: Karin Reinhold Üliõpilane: Kood: 000000 Tallinn 2012 1. Introduction Aniline (also known as phenylamine or aminobenzene) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the prototypical aromatic amine. The largest application of aniline is for the preparation of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. T...
ELEKTROENERGEETIKA INSTITUUT Referaat Taastvad Energiaallikad Esitamise tähtaeg 14.04.2009 Õppejõud: Hannes Agabus Tudeng: Sergei Belosapko Nikita Naumov Tallinn 2009 Contents: 1. Renewable energy 1.1. Costs................................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Potential future utilization..............................................................................4 1.3. Why Don't We Use More Renewable Energy? ...........................................5 2. Energy Types 2.1. Wind Energy.......................................................................................................6 2.1.1. Annual Generation........................................................................................7 2.1.2. ...
Eesti Esimene Erakosmeetikakool Rahvusvaheline CIDESCO-kool KAHJULIKUD AINED KOSMEETIKAS Referaat Tallinn 2014 Sisukord Sisukord.................................................................................................................. 1 Sissejuhatus........................................................................................................... 2 Kahjulike ainete loetelu:......................................................................................... 3 Kokkuvõte............................................................................................................... 8 Kasutatud kirjandus................................................................................................ 9 Sissejuhatus Täna on üle 200 eri...
Tallinna 37.Keskkool NOORTE TERVISEKÄITUMINE Uurimustöö Kristina Davõdova 12.B klass Juhendaja: Katrin Noormägi Tallinn 2011 Sisukord Sissejuhatus..........................................................................................3 1.Alkohol.............................................................................................4 1.1 Alkoholi ajalugu ja olemus..................................................................4 1.2 Alkoholisituatsioon...........................................................................5 1.3 Alkoholi mõju organismile................
Tallinn 2013 Ott Speek Subject: English Geodesy Study group: GI-21b PETROLEUM PRESENTATION Petroleum (L. petroleum, from Greek: Πέτρα (rock) + Latin: oleum (oil) is a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. The name Petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oils and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. A fossil fuel, it is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, usually zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and undergo intense heat and pressure. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. This comes after the studies of structural geology (at the reservoir scale), sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization (mainly in terms of porosity and perme...
TALLINNA PEDAGOOGIKAÜLIKOOL Matemaatika-loodusteaduskond Bioloogia ôppetool Moonika Marana LÄÄNE-EESTI VETE LESTA (Platichthys flesus trachurus) ÖKOHELMINTOFAUNAST Bakalaureusetöö Juhendaja: Aleksei Turovski Autor: ..................... "...."......2004. a Juhendaja: .......................... "...."......2004. a Lubatud kaitsmisele "......."......2004. a Ôppetooli juhataja dots. M. Harak ........................... Tallinn 2004 SISUKORD: SISSEJUHATUS..............................................................................................................3 1. TEOREETILINE TAUST.......................................................................................... 5 1.1. Lesta ökoloogia E...
1. (a) (i) gene length of DNA; codes for a (specific), polypeptide / protein / RNA; max 1 allele alternative form of a gene; found at a, locus / particular position on, a chromosome; max 1 (ii) assume allele refers to coat colour allele (coat colour) gene / alleles, only on X chromosome; A no (coat colour), gene / allele, on Y chromosome male cats, XY / only have one X chromosome; males have only one (coat colour) allele / cannot have two (coat colour) alleles; need black and orange alleles for tortoiseshell colour; 2 r r w w (b) parental genotypes C C × C C ; r w ...
Handbook of Meat Processing Handbook of Meat Processing Fidel Toldrá EDITOR A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication Edition first published 2010 © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Editorial Office 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book, please see our website at www.wiley.com/ wiley-blackwell. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Cent...
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