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2011-05-29
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KOKKUVÕTE John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. After Kennedy's militare service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 during World War II in the South Pacific, his aspirations turned political. With the encouragement and grooming of his father, Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., Kennedy represented Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat, and served in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election, one of the closest in American history. He was the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt), the first President born in the 20th century, and the
the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012. As president, Obama signed economic stimulus legislation in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010
Some of the things you will learn in THE CODEBREAKERS • How secret Japanese messages were decoded in Washington hours before Pearl Harbor. • How German codebreakers helped usher in the Russian Revolution. • How John F. Kennedy escaped capture in the Pacific because the Japanese failed to solve a simple cipher. • How codebreaking determined a presidential election, convicted an underworld syndicate head, won the battle of Midway, led to cruel Allied defeats in North Africa, and broke up a vast Nazi spy ring. • How one American became the world's most famous codebreaker, and another became the world's greatest. • How codes and codebreakers operate today within the secret agencies of the U.S. and Russia.
delivered performances that are considered excellent by contemporary movie critics.[31] Tabloid magazines blamed Gable's death of a heart attack on Monroe, citing her tardiness and quoting Gable's widow Kay Spreckels Gable, who claimed that her husband did his own stunt work out of the frustration of waiting for Monroe.[32] Exacerbating the situation was Gable's advanced age, plus long history of alcohol and tobacco use. Monroe was invited by Kay to the baptismal ceremony for her and Clark's son John Clark Gable. She attended. In 1962, some of the most famous photographs of Monroe were taken by Bert Stern as a feature for Vogue magazine. This photo shoot was her last and it is famously known as "The Last Sitting".[33] Monroe returned to Hollywood to resume filming on the George Cukor comedy Something's Got to Give, a never-finished film that has become legendary for problems on the set and proved a costly debacle for Fox. "Happy Birthday, Mr. President"
America, and has been for over 200 years. It is located in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the USA. The White House was designed by the Irish-American architect James Hoban, who had won a architectural design competition in 1792. Hoban's design is said to have been very similar to a plan from James Gibbs' "Book of Architecture". Extra pavillions were added to the White House later; they were designed by the architect Benjamin Latrobe. The first US President to live in the White House was John Adams ( the second President of the USA). Adams and his family moved to the White House in 1800. They had previously lived in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania (which had been the temporary capital of the USA while Washington, D.C., was being built). When the Adams family moved into the White House, the interior of the building was not quite finished. Construction was completed during Thomas Jefferson's' term (1801-1809). As a means of preserving the history of the White
Broadly, the Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that changed the fundamental perspective of the masses, urging them to foster skepticism and apply scientific principles in matters of religion and morality. Its chief values were: Liberty, Democracy, Republicanism, Religious Tolerance. The movement gained momentum with the publication of landmark texts like Thomas Paine's The Age of Reason, and the Jefferson Bible, but the most influential thinker was undoubtedly John Locke, whose ideas spread to the colonies and across Europe. Main Ideas of the American Enlightenment: The Enlightenment caused a shift in the cultural and social attitudes of the people, bringing in some new and radical ideas. Republicanism: The doctrine of republicanism asserts a system of a government that is elected by the people of the nation. The roots of this ideology go back to ancient Greece, when the concept of a democratic government was examined by
Writers became socially minded. Politically and economicallt the rise of trade unions. Communist party in the usa became quite popular. Partly because of the russian revolution, which had huge impact all over the world. Writers became more critical and more bitter. One zanr that was proletarian literature, pro communist, left wing. The most famous representative was Michael Gold. The most interesting style was modernist combined with realism. The most interesting writer of this period was John Dos Passos 1896-1970. He is linked to the 1930's, the period of fear, unemployment, the rise of facism, market crashing. Came from an interesting background, grandfather was portugese, his mother came from puritan New England. Father was a lawyer and importand figure on wall street. He was born into a well off family and this is a paradox about him. Upper middle class family, yet his political views were very radical, he was extremely well educated. He was hostile against the social order in
· Formation of trusts Trusts are companies (groups) who form a monopoly · The role of Andrew Carnegie Businessman and philanthropist Embodies the "rags-to-riches" American dream Carnegie Steel Company was the world's largest steel manufacturer After selling the company he devoted his life to philanthropy Believed that the rich have a moral obligation to give back to humanity (charities) · The role of John D. Rockefeller Industrialist and philanthropist Founder of the Standard Oil Company (1870.) During the 1890s turned his attention to charities and devoted himself to philanthrophy · The role of Henry Ford Automobile manufacturer (8.) 1896 invented the Quadricycle (8.) 1903 - Ford Motor Company was founded Massproduction cars => urbanisation VIII Immigration to the US · major source of population growth and cultural. Controversial ethnics, religion, levels of crime etc
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